Nimbin[12]?Sway / SWOv / commits / 93106e5

SWOv git · main

SWOv - window overview for sway

sway wayland c overview · first commit 2026-08-21 · last commit 2026-09-20 (19 days ago) · synced 3 days ago · upstream: github.com/nimbin2/SWOv

C 91.5% Markdown 7.6%
git clone https://git.christianimmanuel.de/sway/SWOv.gitwget https://git.christianimmanuel.de/sway/SWOv/archive/SWOv.tar.gz

Add drop app to open from appwheel And stuff

Christian Immanuel · 2026-08-27 22:41 · 93106e50c64b3391475e0d4c9d8763c67e934c43

 Makefile          |   95 +-
 README.md         |  124 +-
 appwheel.c        | 1304 ++++++++++++++++++
 config.example    |   14 +
 sw_config.example |   60 +
 sw_theme.h        |  194 +++
 swbr.c            | 3887 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 swov.c            |  836 +++++++++++-
 8 files changed, 6433 insertions(+), 81 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 57b3468..12445a4 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,64 +1,65 @@
-# swov — build and install
+# swov — Makefile
 #
-#   make                 build ./swov
-#   make install         into ~/.local/bin (override with PREFIX=/usr/local)
-#   make config          drop config.example into ~/.config/swov/config
-#   make debug           build ./swov-debug with the sanitizers on
-#   make clean uninstall
+#   make            build                                   -> ./swov
+#   make debug      build with the address and UB sanitizers -> ./swov-debug
+#   make strict     build with -Wall -Wextra
+#   make run        build and run
+#   make install    install to $(PREFIX)/bin        (default: ~/.local)
+#   make config     copy config.example to ~/.config/swov/config
+#   make clean
+#
+# Requires: a C compiler, pkg-config, and the SDL3, SDL3_image and SDL3_ttf
+# dev files. On Debian trixie and newer:
+#   sudo apt install build-essential pkg-config \
+#        libsdl3-dev libsdl3-image-dev libsdl3-ttf-dev
 
-PREFIX  ?= $(HOME)/.local
-BINDIR  ?= $(PREFIX)/bin
-CONFDIR ?= $(if $(XDG_CONFIG_HOME),$(XDG_CONFIG_HOME),$(HOME)/.config)/swov
+CC          ?= cc
+PKG_CONFIG  ?= pkg-config
+CFLAGS      ?= -std=c11 -O2
+PREFIX      ?= $(HOME)/.local
+bindir      ?= $(PREFIX)/bin
 
-PKGS       := sdl3 sdl3-image sdl3-ttf
-PKG_CFLAGS := $(shell pkg-config --cflags $(PKGS) 2>/dev/null)
-PKG_LIBS   := $(shell pkg-config --libs   $(PKGS) 2>/dev/null)
+BUILD       := $(shell md5sum swov.c 2>/dev/null | cut -c1-8)
+SRC         := swov.c
+HDR         := sw_theme.h
+BIN         := swov
+PKGS        := sdl3 sdl3-image sdl3-ttf
 
-CC       ?= cc
-CFLAGS   ?= -O2
-CFLAGS   += -std=c11 -Wall -Wextra $(PKG_CFLAGS)
-LDLIBS   += $(PKG_LIBS)
+SDL_CFLAGS  := $(shell $(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags $(PKGS))
+SDL_LIBS    := $(shell $(PKG_CONFIG) --libs $(PKGS))
 
-SAN := -fsanitize=address,undefined
+.PHONY: all debug strict run install config clean
 
-all: swov
+all: $(BIN)
 
-swov: swov.c | check
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $< $(LDLIBS)
+$(BIN): $(SRC) $(HDR)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -DSWOV_BUILD='"$(BUILD)"' $(SDL_CFLAGS) $(SRC) -o $(BIN) $(SDL_LIBS) -lm
+	@./$(BIN) --version
 
-swov-debug: swov.c | check
-	$(CC) -std=c11 -g -O1 -Wall -Wextra $(SAN) $(PKG_CFLAGS) -o $@ $< $(PKG_LIBS) $(SAN)
+debug: $(SRC) $(HDR)
+	$(CC) -std=c11 -O1 -g -Wall -Wextra -fsanitize=address,undefined \
+	  -DSWOV_BUILD='"$(BUILD)-dbg"' $(SDL_CFLAGS) $(SRC) -o $(BIN)-debug $(SDL_LIBS) -lm
 
-debug: swov-debug
+strict: $(SRC) $(HDR)
+	$(CC) -std=c11 -O2 -Wall -Wextra -DSWOV_BUILD='"$(BUILD)"' \
+	  $(SDL_CFLAGS) $(SRC) -o $(BIN) $(SDL_LIBS) -lm
 
-# a missing SDL3 is the one failure worth explaining
-check:
-	@pkg-config --exists $(PKGS) || { \
-	  echo "swov: SDL3 development files not found."; \
-	  echo "  Debian trixie or newer:"; \
-	  echo "    sudo apt install build-essential pkg-config \\"; \
-	  echo "         libsdl3-dev libsdl3-image-dev libsdl3-ttf-dev"; \
-	  echo "  Older releases: build SDL, SDL_image and SDL_ttf 3.2+ from source"; \
-	  echo "  and point PKG_CONFIG_PATH at your install prefix."; \
-	  exit 1; }
+run: all
+	./$(BIN)
 
-install: swov
-	install -Dm755 swov $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)/swov
-	@echo "installed $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)/swov"
+install: all
+	install -Dm755 $(BIN) $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/$(BIN)
+	@echo "installed to $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/$(BIN)"
+	@./$(BIN) --version
 
-# never overwrites an existing config
 config:
-	@if [ -e "$(CONFDIR)/config" ]; then \
-	  echo "$(CONFDIR)/config exists, leaving it alone"; \
+	@mkdir -p $(HOME)/.config/swov
+	@if [ -e $(HOME)/.config/swov/config ]; then \
+	  echo "$(HOME)/.config/swov/config exists, leaving it alone"; \
 	else \
-	  install -Dm644 config.example "$(CONFDIR)/config" && \
-	  echo "wrote $(CONFDIR)/config"; \
+	  cp config.example $(HOME)/.config/swov/config; \
+	  echo "wrote $(HOME)/.config/swov/config"; \
 	fi
 
-uninstall:
-	rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)/swov
-
 clean:
-	rm -f swov swov-debug
-
-.PHONY: all debug check install config uninstall clean
+	rm -f $(BIN) $(BIN)-debug
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 4fce1ef..7305b3e 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ for_window [app_id="swov"] floating enable, border none
 | `0`–`9` | switch to that workspace |
 | `ctrl+0`–`9` | move the selection there |
 | arrows, `hjkl` | move the selection; it walks through tile borders and wraps around the grid |
-| `tab` / `shift+tab` | previous / next workspace |
+| `tab` / `shift+tab` | previous / next workspace; while searching, only the ones with a hit |
 | `ctrl+tab` (`+shift`) | one row down / up in the grid |
 | `w` | window selection ⇄ whole-workspace selection |
 | `enter`, click | focus |
@@ -54,8 +54,9 @@ for_window [app_id="swov"] floating enable, border none
 
 Mouse and keyboard share one cursor: pointing at a window selects it, so
 `space`, `x`, `ctrl`+digit and the rest act on whatever is under the pointer.
-Click a workspace name in the header to rename it; `enter` keeps it, `esc`
-drops it. The name is what `f` and `/` search, next to app ids and titles.
+Click the middle of a workspace name in the header to rename it; `enter` keeps
+it, `esc` drops it. The quarter to the left and to the right of the name is not
+part of that — clicking there selects the workspace. The name is what `f` and `/` search, next to app ids and titles.
 swov opens with the current workspace selected as a whole, no window picked.
 Orange is only ever the selection cursor; the workspace sway is showing and the
 window it has focused are marked in teal (`current`), search hits in violet
@@ -92,14 +93,98 @@ swov -b          # back to the last workspace you used *on this monitor*
 Both talk to the IPC socket and quit — no window, no font, about 5 ms. Good for
 keybindings.
 
-`-b` goes to the workspace activated most recently that is not the current one,
-on the monitor you are on. It switches *by number*, so a workspace renamed since
-is still the same workspace, and every swov run first checks where sway actually
-is — workspaces you reached with a sway keybinding count too. Press it twice and
-you are back where you started.
+`-b` goes to the workspace activated most recently that is not the current one.
+It switches *by number*, so a workspace renamed since is still the same
+workspace, and every swov run first checks where sway actually is — workspaces
+you reached with a sway keybinding count too. Press it twice and you are back
+where you started.
 
-sway's own `back_and_forth` is only the fallback when there is no history yet:
-it is global, so with two screens it throws focus onto the other monitor.
+With two monitors that means stepping to the other screen and pressing `-b`
+brings you back to the workspace you left there. Set `back=output` if you would
+rather stay on the monitor you are on and walk its own history, or `back=sway`
+for sway's `back_and_forth`. sway's is also the fallback when there is no
+history yet.
+
+## For other programs
+
+```sh
+swov --workspaces        # num, name, output, flags — one per line, tab separated
+swov --adopt PID 3       # wait for the window PID opens, then move it to 3
+swov --adopt PID 3 --beside 42 --edge left   # next to that window
+```
+
+Neither opens a window. `--workspaces` is how a launcher learns where an app
+could go; `--adopt` is how it gets there. sway has no "run this on workspace
+N", so swov watches the tree until a view belonging to that process (or to
+anything it started) appears, then moves it — no switching there and back, no
+flicker. It goes into the background at once, gives up after 20 seconds
+(`--adopt-timeout`), and with `--adopt-focus` also switches to the workspace.
+
+```sh
+swov --backdrop          # the overview behind someone else's window
+```
+
+Same overview, no input of its own, fading in from nothing so a window in
+front of it never flickers. It reads `hover FX FY`, `drag on|off`, `fade
+in|out`, `raise APP_ID` and `quit` on stdin, one line at a time, and answers a
+hover with the workspace under that point — plus `current` when that is the
+one you are on. `raise` exists because on Wayland the window that spawned the
+backdrop cannot lift itself back over it, and swov is talking to sway anyway. Coordinates are fractions of the screen, so the
+program in front needs to know nothing about monitors. When stdin closes it
+fades out and leaves.
+
+`blur=0..3` softens it while it sits behind something, so the window in front
+stays the thing you are looking at. It sharpens by itself the moment a drag
+starts and softens again when the drag ends, which is when you actually need
+to read the workspace you are aiming at. It costs three scaled blits of a
+frame that is already drawn, and swov only repaints on change, so an idle
+backdrop costs nothing at all.
+
+It uses its own app id, so give it a rule or it steals the keyboard:
+
+```
+no_focus [app_id="swov-backdrop"]
+for_window [app_id="swov-backdrop"] floating enable, border none
+```
+
+`no_focus` takes the criteria itself. `for_window [...] no_focus` is not the
+same thing and does nothing at all.
+
+`--backdrop-debug` is the same mode with the conversation echoed to stderr.
+
+Before it waits for anything, `--adopt` tells sway where that window belongs:
+
+```
+assign [pid=1234] workspace number 3
+```
+
+sway reads `assign` rules while it is deciding which workspace a new view goes
+to, before the container exists anywhere, so the window never appears on the
+workspace you are looking at and nothing there is rearranged.
+
+One rule is often not enough: a launcher, a wrapper script or an app that
+forks and lets the parent go leaves the window belonging to a pid nobody told
+us about. So for the first four seconds swov keeps sweeping `/proc` for
+processes descending from the one it started and puts a rule in front of each,
+up to two dozen.
+
+Moving the window afterwards is the fallback for when none of them matched,
+and it floats the window before moving it: a tiled window leaving a workspace
+makes everything left behind reflow, and that is the flash the rules are there
+to avoid. `--no-assign` leaves the whole mechanism out. The rules outlive the
+app — sway has no unassign — but each names one pid, so it does nothing once
+that process is gone.
+
+The pid is a hint, not a rule: a launcher, a wrapper script or an app that
+re-execs leaves a window whose parent chain no longer leads back to the
+process that was started. So swov also watches for a view that simply was not
+there before, and takes that. `--beside` places the new window next to an
+existing one with the same three sway commands a drag inside swov uses, and
+`--adopt-debug` narrates the whole thing to stderr.
+
+appwheel uses all three: `overview=1` puts swov behind the wheel, dragging an
+app asks it where the pointer is — including which side of which window — and
+dropping starts the app exactly there.
 
 ## Workspace usage
 
@@ -120,6 +205,16 @@ swov --info      # every path and setting in use: binary, config, usage file,
 
 `track=0` in the config turns the recording off.
 
+## Load per workspace
+
+A small moon next to each workspace number says how busy that workspace is: a
+sliver when it is idling, whole when something is working, running from teal
+through orange into red and held back towards `dim`, since it is secondary to
+everything else on the tile. swbr measures it — a rate needs two samples
+seconds apart and swov is only on screen for a moment — and leaves the answer
+in `$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/swbr-cpu`. Without swbr running the file is stale or
+missing and nothing is drawn. `cpu=0` turns it off.
+
 ## Config
 
 `${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-~/.config}/swov/config`, `key=value`, `#` comments. Every
@@ -131,6 +226,11 @@ swov --ssaa=1 --header_pos=top-left
 swov --shot /tmp/o.png     # one frame to a PNG, for tuning colours
 ```
 
+Colours and fonts can also be set once for swov, appwheel and swbr together in
+`${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-~/.config}/sw/config`, using role names (`surface`,
+`accent`, `hl`, ...) that each program maps onto its own keys. `sw_theme.h`
+lists them. The file above is read after it, so swov's own config always wins.
+
 `config.example` lists everything with defaults. The ones worth knowing:
 
 | key | |
@@ -141,7 +241,9 @@ swov --shot /tmp/o.png     # one frame to a PNG, for tuning colours
 | `float_alpha` | how see-through floating and fullscreen windows are |
 | `win_gap`, `screen_pad` | space between windows, and around them |
 | `header_pos`, `hints_pos` | `none`, or `top`/`bottom` + `left`/`center`/`right` |
-| `anim_ms` | tile glide duration; `0` disables |
+| `anim_ms` | tile glide duration, and the backdrop fade; `0` disables |
+| `blur` | how soft `--backdrop` is drawn, `0`–`3` |
+| `cpu`, `cpu_min`, `cpu_full` | the load dot, and the range it covers |
 | `track`, `usage_dots`, `dot_count`, `dot_px` | usage recording and its dot scale |
 | `start_selection` | `workspace`, `none` or `window` |
 | `cols`, `rows` | force the grid; default picks the largest tiles |
diff --git a/appwheel.c b/appwheel.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01eff4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/appwheel.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1304 @@
+/*
+ * appwheel — a GTA-V-style radial (weapon-wheel) app launcher for Wayland & X11.
+ *
+ * Dependencies:
+ *   - SDL3            (the only library you link)
+ *   - stb_truetype.h  (vendored single-header — smooth fonts)
+ *   - stb_image.h     (vendored single-header — PNG/JPG/BMP icons)
+ *   - nanosvg.h + nanosvgrast.h  (vendored single-header — SVG icons)
+ * The vendored *.h files just sit next to this source; nothing to install/link.
+ *
+ * Build:
+ *   cc appwheel.c -o appwheel $(pkg-config --cflags --libs sdl3) -lm
+ *
+ * See --help for every option (all config keys also work on the command line).
+ */
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * How this file is laid out (top to bottom):
+ *   1. small helpers        colors, string trim, hex-color + tilde parsing
+ *   2. Config               the struct, defaults, key=value setter, file loader
+ *   3. text (Font)          stb_truetype atlas + drawing, with a debug fallback
+ *   4. AppList              .desktop parsing, dir scanning, include/exclude/sort
+ *   5. icons                Icon= resolution + stb_image / nanosvg (lazy, cached)
+ *   6. launching + history  detached exec, most-recently-used log
+ *   7. geometry             circle/sector/chevron primitives
+ *   8. usage()/dump_config  --help text and the default config generator
+ *   9. main()               setup, then the event + render loop
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+#define STB_TRUETYPE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "stb_truetype.h"
+#define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#define STBI_ONLY_PNG
+#define STBI_ONLY_JPEG
+#define STBI_ONLY_BMP
+#include "stb_image.h"
+
+#include "sw_theme.h"
+
+/* SVG icons via nanosvg (vendored single-header). Third-party headers, so we
+   quiet their warnings without affecting our own -Wall build. */
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-function"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-but-set-variable"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wsign-compare"
+#define NANOSVG_IMPLEMENTATION
+#define NANOSVG_ALL_COLOR_KEYWORDS
+#include "nanosvg.h"
+#define NANOSVGRAST_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "nanosvgrast.h"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <strings.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <glob.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+
+#ifndef M_PI
+#define M_PI 3.14159265358979323846
+#endif
+#define DEG (M_PI / 180.0)
+#define ICON_AL (120.0f*(float)DEG)   /* bottom-left paging icon  */
+#define ICON_AR (60.0f*(float)DEG)    /* bottom-right paging icon */
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+typedef struct { Uint8 r, g, b, a; } Col;
+static SDL_FColor tofc(Col c){ SDL_FColor f={c.r/255.0f,c.g/255.0f,c.b/255.0f,c.a/255.0f}; return f; }
+static char *xstrdup(const char *s){ char*p=malloc(strlen(s)+1); if(p)strcpy(p,s); return p; }
+static char *trim(char *s){
+    while(*s && isspace((unsigned char)*s)) s++;
+    if(!*s) return s;
+    char*e=s+strlen(s)-1; while(e>s && isspace((unsigned char)*e)) *e--='\0';
+    return s;
+}
+static int contains_ci(const char*hay,const char*needle){
+    if(!*needle) return 1;
+    size_t nl=strlen(needle);
+    for(const char*p=hay;*p;p++) if(strncasecmp(p,needle,nl)==0) return 1;
+    return 0;
+}
+static void parse_color(const char*s, Col*out){
+    if(*s=='#') s++;
+    unsigned r,g,b,a=255;
+    if(strlen(s)>=8 && sscanf(s,"%2x%2x%2x%2x",&r,&g,&b,&a)==4){}
+    else if(sscanf(s,"%2x%2x%2x",&r,&g,&b)==3){}
+    else return;
+    out->r=(Uint8)r; out->g=(Uint8)g; out->b=(Uint8)b; out->a=(Uint8)a;
+}
+static int file_exists(const char*p){ struct stat st; return stat(p,&st)==0 && S_ISREG(st.st_mode); }
+static float clampf(float v,float lo,float hi){ return v<lo?lo:(v>hi?hi:v); }
+/* expand a leading ~/ to $HOME (no shell involved when we launch) */
+static void expand_tilde(const char*in,char*out,size_t n){
+    if(in[0]=='~' && (in[1]=='/'||in[1]=='\0')){
+        const char*home=getenv("HOME");
+        if(home){ snprintf(out,n,"%s%s",home,in+1); return; }
+    }
+    snprintf(out,n,"%s",in);
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* config                                                              */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+typedef struct {
+    int   width,height,fullscreen,close_on_focus_loss;
+    int   slots; float arc_deg; int page_ms;
+    float radius, y_offset;           /* wheel size + vertical nudge (of min dim) */
+    int   icons, icon_px;
+    float ui_scale; int font_px;
+    float label_px, title_px, search_px, count_px;   /* per-element text sizes */
+    int   ssaa;                       /* full-scene supersample (1..4) */
+    int   animate, anim_ms;           /* app-data crossfade on results change */
+    int   recent_first;               /* bias the best match toward recently-used apps */
+    char  font[PATH_MAX];
+    char  sort[16], launcher[16], terminal[128];
+    char  history[PATH_MAX], dirs[4096], include[8192], exclude[8192];
+    Col bg,ring,ring2,hl,text,hltext,center,accent,dim;
+} Config;
+
+static void config_defaults(Config*c){
+    memset(c,0,sizeof *c);
+    c->width=900; c->height=900; c->fullscreen=1; c->close_on_focus_loss=0;
+    c->slots=11; c->arc_deg=240.0f; c->page_ms=110;
+    c->radius=0.44f; c->y_offset=0.10f;
+    c->icons=1; c->icon_px=46; c->ui_scale=1.0f; c->font_px=50;
+    c->label_px=24; c->title_px=25; c->search_px=20; c->count_px=20;
+    c->ssaa=2;
+    c->animate=1; c->anim_ms=90; c->recent_first=1;
+    strcpy(c->sort,"recent"); strcpy(c->launcher,"sh");
+    const char*term=getenv("TERMINAL");
+    snprintf(c->terminal,sizeof c->terminal,"%s",term?term:"xterm");
+    const char*home=getenv("HOME"),*xc=getenv("XDG_CACHE_HOME");
+    if(xc&&*xc) snprintf(c->history,sizeof c->history,"%s/appwheel/history",xc);
+    else        snprintf(c->history,sizeof c->history,"%s/.cache/appwheel/history",home?home:".");
+    c->bg    =(Col){0x0d,0x11,0x17,0x00};   /* transparent by default */
+    c->ring  =(Col){0x1e,0x27,0x33,0xf2};
+    c->ring2 =(Col){0x26,0x31,0x3f,0xf2};
+    c->hl    =(Col){0xcb,0x9b,0x00,0xff};
+    c->text  =(Col){0xe8,0xe8,0xe8,0xff};
+    c->hltext=(Col){0x14,0x14,0x14,0xff};
+    c->center=(Col){0x0d,0x11,0x17,0xe6};
+    c->accent=(Col){0x89,0xaf,0xc4,0xff};
+    c->dim   =(Col){0x5a,0x6b,0x7a,0xff};
+}
+static void config_set(Config*c,const char*k,const char*v){
+    if(!strcmp(k,"width"))c->width=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"height"))c->height=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"fullscreen"))c->fullscreen=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"close_on_focus_loss"))c->close_on_focus_loss=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"slots"))c->slots=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"arc")||!strcmp(k,"arc_deg"))c->arc_deg=(float)atof(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"page_ms"))c->page_ms=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"radius")||!strcmp(k,"size"))c->radius=(float)atof(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"y_offset")||!strcmp(k,"y"))c->y_offset=(float)atof(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"icons"))c->icons=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"icon_px"))c->icon_px=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"ui_scale")||!strcmp(k,"font_scale")||!strcmp(k,"text_scale"))c->ui_scale=(float)atof(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"font_px"))c->font_px=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"label_px"))c->label_px=(float)atof(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"title_px"))c->title_px=(float)atof(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"search_px")||!strcmp(k,"query_px"))c->search_px=(float)atof(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"count_px"))c->count_px=(float)atof(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"ssaa")||!strcmp(k,"aa"))c->ssaa=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"animate"))c->animate=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"anim_ms"))c->anim_ms=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"recent_first"))c->recent_first=atoi(v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"font"))snprintf(c->font,sizeof c->font,"%s",v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"sort"))snprintf(c->sort,sizeof c->sort,"%s",v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"launcher"))snprintf(c->launcher,sizeof c->launcher,"%s",v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"terminal"))snprintf(c->terminal,sizeof c->terminal,"%s",v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"history"))snprintf(c->history,sizeof c->history,"%s",v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"dirs"))snprintf(c->dirs,sizeof c->dirs,"%s",v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"include"))snprintf(c->include,sizeof c->include,"%s",v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"exclude"))snprintf(c->exclude,sizeof c->exclude,"%s",v);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"bg"))parse_color(v,&c->bg);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"ring"))parse_color(v,&c->ring);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"ring2"))parse_color(v,&c->ring2);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"hl"))parse_color(v,&c->hl);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"text"))parse_color(v,&c->text);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"hltext"))parse_color(v,&c->hltext);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"center"))parse_color(v,&c->center);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"accent"))parse_color(v,&c->accent);
+    else if(!strcmp(k,"dim"))parse_color(v,&c->dim);
+    else fprintf(stderr,"wheel: unknown key '%s'\n",k);
+}
+/* the shared ~/.config/sw/config, translated into appwheel's own keys */
+static void config_set_shared(void*ud,const char*k,const char*v){ config_set((Config*)ud,k,v); }
+
+static void config_load(Config*c,const char*path){
+    FILE*f=fopen(path,"r"); if(!f) return;
+    char line[8192];
+    while(fgets(line,sizeof line,f)){
+        char*s=trim(line); if(!*s||*s=='#'||*s==';') continue;
+        char*eq=strchr(s,'='); if(!eq) continue;
+        *eq='\0'; config_set(c,trim(s),trim(eq+1));
+    }
+    fclose(f);
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* text: TTF atlas via stb_truetype, with debug-font fallback          */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+#define GLYPH_LO 32
+#define GLYPH_HI 255
+#define NGLYPH   (GLYPH_HI-GLYPH_LO+1)
+
+typedef struct {
+    int ok; SDL_Texture *atlas; int px; float baseline;
+    struct { float u,v,w,h,xoff,yoff,adv; } g[NGLYPH];
+} Font;
+
+static int try_font_paths(char*out,size_t n){
+    const char*cand[]={
+        "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf",
+        "/usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf",
+        "/usr/share/fonts/TTF/DejaVuSans.ttf",
+        "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/liberation/LiberationSans-Regular.ttf",
+        "/usr/share/fonts/noto/NotoSans-Regular.ttf",
+        "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/freefont/FreeSans.ttf", NULL };
+    for(int i=0;cand[i];i++) if(file_exists(cand[i])){ snprintf(out,n,"%s",cand[i]); return 1; }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* Ask fontconfig (via its fc-match CLI) to resolve a family/pattern — e.g.
+   "sans-serif", "monospace", or "JetBrains Mono" — to an actual .ttf path.
+   This is how we pick up the DESKTOP's configured default font. No library is
+   linked; if fc-match isn't installed we just return 0 and fall back. */
+static int fc_match(const char*pattern,char*out,size_t n){
+    if(!pattern||!*pattern) pattern="sans-serif";
+    char safe[256]; size_t j=0;                    /* strip shell metacharacters */
+    for(size_t i=0;pattern[i]&&j<sizeof safe-1;i++){
+        char c=pattern[i];
+        if(c=='"'||c=='`'||c=='$'||c=='\\'||c==';'||c=='|'||c=='&'||c=='\n'||c=='\r') continue;
+        safe[j++]=c;
+    }
+    safe[j]='\0';
+    char cmd[512];
+    snprintf(cmd,sizeof cmd,"fc-match --format=%%{file} \"%s\" 2>/dev/null",safe);
+    FILE*p=popen(cmd,"r"); if(!p) return 0;
+    char buf[PATH_MAX]; size_t r=fread(buf,1,sizeof buf-1,p); buf[r]='\0';
+    pclose(p);
+    char*s=trim(buf);
+    if(*s && file_exists(s)){ snprintf(out,n,"%s",s); return 1; }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int font_load(Font*ft,SDL_Renderer*ren,const char*path,int px){
+    memset(ft,0,sizeof *ft); ft->px=px;
+    FILE*f=fopen(path,"rb"); if(!f) return 0;
+    fseek(f,0,SEEK_END); long sz=ftell(f); fseek(f,0,SEEK_SET);
+    unsigned char*buf=malloc(sz);
+    if(!buf||fread(buf,1,sz,f)!=(size_t)sz){ fclose(f); free(buf); return 0; }
+    fclose(f);
+    stbtt_fontinfo info;
+    if(!stbtt_InitFont(&info,buf,stbtt_GetFontOffsetForIndex(buf,0))){ free(buf); return 0; }
+    float sc=stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(&info,(float)px);
+    int asc,desc,gap; stbtt_GetFontVMetrics(&info,&asc,&desc,&gap); ft->baseline=asc*sc;
+
+    int AW=1024, penx=0,peny=0,rowh=0;
+    for(int cp=GLYPH_LO;cp<=GLYPH_HI;cp++){
+        int x0,y0,x1,y1; stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapBox(&info,cp,sc,sc,&x0,&y0,&x1,&y1);
+        int gw=x1-x0,gh=y1-y0; if(gw<0)gw=0; if(gh<0)gh=0;
+        if(penx+gw+1>AW){ penx=0; peny+=rowh+1; rowh=0; }
+        if(gh>rowh)rowh=gh;
+        penx+=gw+1;
+    }
+    int AH=peny+rowh+1; if(AH<1)AH=1;
+    Uint32*pix=calloc((size_t)AW*AH,4); if(!pix){ free(buf); return 0; }
+
+    penx=0;peny=0;rowh=0;
+    for(int cp=GLYPH_LO;cp<=GLYPH_HI;cp++){
+        int aw,lsb; stbtt_GetCodepointHMetrics(&info,cp,&aw,&lsb);
+        int x0,y0,x1,y1; stbtt_GetCodepointBitmapBox(&info,cp,sc,sc,&x0,&y0,&x1,&y1);
+        int gw=x1-x0,gh=y1-y0; if(gw<0)gw=0; if(gh<0)gh=0;
+        if(penx+gw+1>AW){ penx=0; peny+=rowh+1; rowh=0; }
+        if(gw&&gh){
+            unsigned char*bmp=malloc((size_t)gw*gh);
+            stbtt_MakeCodepointBitmap(&info,bmp,gw,gh,gw,sc,sc,cp);
+            for(int yy=0;yy<gh;yy++)for(int xx=0;xx<gw;xx++)
+                pix[(peny+yy)*AW+(penx+xx)]=((Uint32)bmp[yy*gw+xx]<<24)|0x00FFFFFF;
+            free(bmp);
+        }
+        int gi=cp-GLYPH_LO;
+        ft->g[gi].u=penx; ft->g[gi].v=peny; ft->g[gi].w=gw; ft->g[gi].h=gh;
+        ft->g[gi].xoff=x0; ft->g[gi].yoff=y0; ft->g[gi].adv=aw*sc;
+        if(gh>rowh)rowh=gh;
+        penx+=gw+1;
+    }
+    free(buf);
+    SDL_Surface*surf=SDL_CreateSurfaceFrom(AW,AH,SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ABGR8888,pix,AW*4);
+    if(!surf){ free(pix); return 0; }
+    ft->atlas=SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(ren,surf);
+    SDL_DestroySurface(surf); free(pix);
+    if(!ft->atlas) return 0;
+    SDL_SetTextureScaleMode(ft->atlas,SDL_SCALEMODE_LINEAR);
+    SDL_SetTextureBlendMode(ft->atlas,SDL_BLENDMODE_BLEND);
+    ft->ok=1; return 1;
+}
+
+static unsigned utf8_next(const char**p){
+    const unsigned char*s=(const unsigned char*)*p; unsigned cp; int n;
+    if(s[0]<0x80){cp=s[0];n=1;}
+    else if((s[0]&0xE0)==0xC0){cp=s[0]&0x1F;n=2;}
+    else if((s[0]&0xF0)==0xE0){cp=s[0]&0x0F;n=3;}
+    else if((s[0]&0xF8)==0xF0){cp=s[0]&0x07;n=4;}
+    else{ *p=(const char*)(s+1); return 0xFFFD; }
+    for(int i=1;i<n;i++){ if((s[i]&0xC0)!=0x80){n=i;break;} cp=(cp<<6)|(s[i]&0x3F); }
+    *p=(const char*)(s+n); return cp;
+}
+static float text_width(Font*ft,float px_h,const char*s){
+    if(!ft->ok) return strlen(s)*8.0f*(px_h/8.0f);
+    float ds=px_h/ft->px,w=0; const char*p=s;
+    while(*p){ unsigned cp=utf8_next(&p); if(cp<GLYPH_LO||cp>GLYPH_HI)cp='?'; w+=ft->g[cp-GLYPH_LO].adv*ds; }
+    return w;
+}
+static void text_draw(SDL_Renderer*r,Font*ft,float x,float y,float px_h,Col c,const char*s){
+    if(!ft->ok){
+        /* built-in 8x8 font: compose with any active render scale (e.g. SSAA) */
+        float k=px_h/8.0f, csx,csy; SDL_GetRenderScale(r,&csx,&csy);
+        SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(r,c.r,c.g,c.b,c.a);
+        SDL_SetRenderScale(r,csx*k,csy*k);
+        SDL_RenderDebugText(r,x/k,y/k,s);
+        SDL_SetRenderScale(r,csx,csy);
+        return;
+    }
+    float ds=px_h/ft->px;
+    SDL_SetTextureColorMod(ft->atlas,c.r,c.g,c.b);
+    SDL_SetTextureAlphaMod(ft->atlas,c.a);
+    float pen=x; const char*p=s;
+    while(*p){ unsigned cp=utf8_next(&p); if(cp<GLYPH_LO||cp>GLYPH_HI)cp='?';
+        int gi=cp-GLYPH_LO;
+        if(ft->g[gi].w>0&&ft->g[gi].h>0){
+            SDL_FRect src={ft->g[gi].u,ft->g[gi].v,ft->g[gi].w,ft->g[gi].h};
+            SDL_FRect dst={pen+ft->g[gi].xoff*ds,y+(ft->baseline+ft->g[gi].yoff)*ds,ft->g[gi].w*ds,ft->g[gi].h*ds};
+            SDL_RenderTexture(r,ft->atlas,&src,&dst);
+        }
+        pen+=ft->g[gi].adv*ds;
+    }
+}
+static void text_centered(SDL_Renderer*r,Font*ft,float cx,float cy,float px_h,Col c,const char*s){
+    float w=text_width(ft,px_h,s); text_draw(r,ft,cx-w/2,cy-px_h/2,px_h,c,s);
+}
+static void fit_label(Font*ft,float px_h,const char*s,float max_w,char*out,size_t n){
+    if(text_width(ft,px_h,s)<=max_w){ snprintf(out,n,"%s",s); return; }
+    char buf[256]; snprintf(buf,sizeof buf,"%s",s); int len=(int)strlen(buf);
+    while(len>1){ buf[len]='\0';
+        char t[260]; snprintf(t,sizeof t,"%.*s..",len,buf);
+        if(text_width(ft,px_h,t)<=max_w){ snprintf(out,n,"%.*s",(int)n-1,t); return; }
+        len--;
+    }
+    snprintf(out,n,"..");
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* application list                                                    */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+typedef struct {
+    char *id,*name,*exec,*icon; int terminal;
+    SDL_Texture *tex; int icon_tried; int recent;   /* 1 = present in launch history */
+} App;
+typedef struct { App*v; int n,cap; } AppList;
+
+static void applist_push(AppList*l,App a){
+    if(l->n==l->cap){ l->cap=l->cap?l->cap*2:128; l->v=realloc(l->v,l->cap*sizeof*l->v); }
+    l->v[l->n++]=a;
+}
+static int applist_has_id(AppList*l,const char*id){
+    for(int i=0;i<l->n;i++) if(!strcmp(l->v[i].id,id)) return 1;
+    return 0;
+}
+static char *strip_field_codes(const char*exec){
+    char*out=malloc(strlen(exec)+1),*o=out;
+    for(const char*p=exec;*p;p++){ if(*p=='%'){ if(p[1]=='%'){*o++='%';p++;} else if(p[1])p++; } else *o++=*p; }
+    *o='\0';
+    char*r=out,*w=out; int sp=0;
+    for(;*r;r++){ if(*r==' '){ if(!sp)*w++=' '; sp=1; } else { *w++=*r; sp=0; } }
+    *w='\0'; return out;
+}
+static int parse_desktop(const char*path,const char*id,App*out){
+    FILE*f=fopen(path,"r"); if(!f) return 0;
+    char*name=NULL,*exec=NULL,*type=NULL,*icon=NULL;
+    int nodisplay=0,hidden=0,terminal=0,in=0; char line[8192];
+    while(fgets(line,sizeof line,f)){
+        char*s=trim(line);
+        if(*s=='['){ if(in)break; in=!strcmp(s,"[Desktop Entry]"); continue; }
+        if(!in||*s=='#') continue;
+        char*eq=strchr(s,'='); if(!eq) continue;
+        *eq='\0'; char*k=trim(s),*v=trim(eq+1);
+        if(!name&&!strcmp(k,"Name"))name=xstrdup(v);
+        else if(!exec&&!strcmp(k,"Exec"))exec=xstrdup(v);
+        else if(!type&&!strcmp(k,"Type"))type=xstrdup(v);
+        else if(!icon&&!strcmp(k,"Icon"))icon=xstrdup(v);
+        else if(!strcmp(k,"NoDisplay"))nodisplay=!strcasecmp(v,"true");
+        else if(!strcmp(k,"Hidden"))hidden=!strcasecmp(v,"true");
+        else if(!strcmp(k,"Terminal"))terminal=!strcasecmp(v,"true");
+    }
+    fclose(f);
+    int ok=1;
+    if(!name||!exec) ok=0;
+    if(type&&strcmp(type,"Application")) ok=0;
+    if(nodisplay||hidden) ok=0;
+    if(ok){
+        out->id=xstrdup(id); out->name=name; name=NULL;
+        out->exec=strip_field_codes(exec); out->icon=icon; icon=NULL;
+        out->terminal=terminal; out->tex=NULL; out->icon_tried=0;
+    }
+    free(name);free(exec);free(type);free(icon);
+    return ok;
+}
+static void scan_dir(AppList*l,const char*dir){
+    DIR*d=opendir(dir); if(!d) return;
+    struct dirent*e;
+    while((e=readdir(d))){
+        const char*nm=e->d_name; size_t len=strlen(nm);
+        if(len<9||strcmp(nm+len-8,".desktop")) continue;
+        char id[256]; snprintf(id,sizeof id,"%.*s",(int)(len-8),nm);
+        if(applist_has_id(l,id)) continue;
+        char path[PATH_MAX]; snprintf(path,sizeof path,"%s/%s",dir,nm);
+        App a; if(parse_desktop(path,id,&a)) applist_push(l,a);
+    }
+    closedir(d);
+}
+static void collect_default_dirs(char out[][PATH_MAX],int*n,int max){
+    const char*home=getenv("HOME"),*xdh=getenv("XDG_DATA_HOME"),*xdd=getenv("XDG_DATA_DIRS");
+    char buf[PATH_MAX];
+    if(xdh&&*xdh) snprintf(buf,sizeof buf,"%s/applications",xdh);
+    else snprintf(buf,sizeof buf,"%s/.local/share/applications",home?home:".");
+    if(*n<max) snprintf(out[(*n)++],PATH_MAX,"%s",buf);
+    const char*dirs=(xdd&&*xdd)?xdd:"/usr/local/share:/usr/share";
+    char*copy=xstrdup(dirs),*tok=strtok(copy,":");
+    while(tok&&*n<max){ snprintf(out[(*n)++],PATH_MAX,"%s/applications",tok); tok=strtok(NULL,":"); }
+    free(copy);
+    glob_t g;
+    if(glob("/opt/*/share/applications",0,NULL,&g)==0)
+        for(size_t i=0;i<g.gl_pathc&&*n<max;i++) snprintf(out[(*n)++],PATH_MAX,"%s",g.gl_pathv[i]);
+    globfree(&g);
+}
+static int cmp_name(const void*a,const void*b){ return strcasecmp(((const App*)a)->name,((const App*)b)->name); }
+
+static void apply_config_order(AppList*l,Config*c){
+    if(*c->exclude){
+        char*copy=xstrdup(c->exclude),*tok=strtok(copy,",");
+        while(tok){ char*t=trim(tok);
+            for(int i=0;i<l->n;i++)
+                if(!strcasecmp(l->v[i].id,t)||!strcasecmp(l->v[i].name,t)){
+                    free(l->v[i].id);free(l->v[i].name);free(l->v[i].exec);free(l->v[i].icon);
+                    l->v[i]=l->v[--l->n]; i--;
+                }
+            tok=strtok(NULL,",");
+        }
+        free(copy);
+    }
+    if(*c->include){
+        AppList kept={0};
+        char*copy=xstrdup(c->include),*tok=strtok(copy,",");
+        while(tok){ char*t=trim(tok);
+            for(int i=0;i<l->n;i++)
+                if(l->v[i].id&&(!strcasecmp(l->v[i].id,t)||!strcasecmp(l->v[i].name,t))){
+                    applist_push(&kept,l->v[i]); l->v[i].id=NULL; break;
+                }
+            tok=strtok(NULL,",");
+        }
+        free(copy);
+        for(int i=0;i<l->n;i++)
+            if(l->v[i].id){ free(l->v[i].id);free(l->v[i].name);free(l->v[i].exec);free(l->v[i].icon); }
+        free(l->v); *l=kept; return;
+    }
+    if(!strcmp(c->sort,"alpha")) qsort(l->v,l->n,sizeof*l->v,cmp_name);
+}
+static void apply_recency(AppList*l,Config*c){
+    if(*c->include) return;
+    if(strcmp(c->sort,"recent")) return;
+    FILE*f=fopen(c->history,"r");
+    qsort(l->v,l->n,sizeof*l->v,cmp_name);
+    if(!f) return;
+    App*ord=malloc(l->n*sizeof*ord); int on=0; char*used=calloc(l->n,1); char line[512];
+    while(fgets(line,sizeof line,f)){ char*id=trim(line); if(!*id)continue;
+        for(int i=0;i<l->n;i++) if(!used[i]&&!strcmp(l->v[i].id,id)){ l->v[i].recent=1; ord[on++]=l->v[i]; used[i]=1; break; } }
+    fclose(f);
+    for(int i=0;i<l->n;i++) if(!used[i]){ l->v[i].recent=0; ord[on++]=l->v[i]; }
+    memcpy(l->v,ord,l->n*sizeof*l->v); free(ord); free(used);
+}
+
+/* Search ordering: split matches into "direct" (query starts a word in the name)
+   and "close" (query only appears mid-word), then lay them out so the best match
+   sits at the TOP, direct matches fan to the RIGHT, close matches to the LEFT.
+   Fills filt[] and picks off/selslot so the best is centered (at the top). */
+static int is_sep(char c){ return c==' '||c=='-'||c=='_'||c=='.'||c=='/'||c==':'; }
+/* match quality: 0 exact, 1 whole-name prefix, 2 word-start, 3 mid-word, -1 none */
+static int match_tier(const char*name,const char*q,size_t ql){
+    if(!strcasecmp(name,q)) return 0;
+    if(!strncasecmp(name,q,ql)) return 1;
+    int ws=1;
+    for(const char*p=name;*p;p++){
+        if(ws && !strncasecmp(p,q,ql)) return 2;
+        ws=is_sep(*p);
+    }
+    return contains_ci(name,q)?3:-1;
+}
+typedef struct { int idx,tier,len,rb; } Match;
+static int match_cmp(const void*a,const void*b){
+    const Match*x=a,*y=b;
+    if(x->rb  !=y->rb  ) return x->rb  -y->rb;          /* recently-used first (if enabled) */
+    if(x->tier!=y->tier) return x->tier-y->tier;       /* better tier first */
+    if(x->len !=y->len ) return x->len -y->len;         /* shorter (closer) first */
+    return x->idx-y->idx;                               /* then recency order */
+}
+static int build_filter(AppList*apps,const char*query,int*filt,int slots,int recent_first,int*p_off,int*p_selslot){
+    int fn=0;
+    if(!query[0]){                                      /* no query: all apps, in order */
+        for(int i=0;i<apps->n;i++) filt[fn++]=i;
+        *p_off=0; *p_selslot=0; return fn;
+    }
+    size_t ql=strlen(query);
+    Match *m=malloc(apps->n*sizeof(Match)); int nm=0;
+    if(m) for(int i=0;i<apps->n;i++){
+        const char*nm_s=apps->v[i].name, *id_s=apps->v[i].id;
+        int tn=match_tier(nm_s,query,ql);                      /* match on the name ... */
+        int ti=id_s?match_tier(id_s,query,ql):-1;              /* ...or the id */
+        int t = tn<0?ti : (ti<0?tn : (tn<ti?tn:ti));           /* best of the two */
+        if(t<0) continue;
+        int mlen=1<<30;                                        /* shortest string that hit that tier */
+        if(tn==t){ int l=(int)strlen(nm_s); if(l<mlen)mlen=l; }
+        if(ti==t){ int l=(int)strlen(id_s); if(l<mlen)mlen=l; }
+        m[nm].idx=i; m[nm].tier=t; m[nm].len=mlen;
+        m[nm].rb=(recent_first && apps->v[i].recent)?0:1;      /* recently-used matches win */
+        nm++;
+    }
+    if(nm>1) qsort(m,nm,sizeof(Match),match_cmp);       /* best-ranked first */
+    int *dir=malloc(nm*sizeof(int)+1), *clo=malloc(nm*sizeof(int)+1);
+    int nd=0,nc=0;
+    if(dir&&clo) for(int j=0;j<nm;j++){                 /* keep ranked order within each group */
+        if(m[j].tier<3) dir[nd++]=m[j].idx; else clo[nc++]=m[j].idx;
+    }
+    free(m);
+    fn=nd+nc;
+    if(fn<=0){ free(dir);free(clo); *p_off=0;*p_selslot=0; return 0; }
+    int best,*right,nr,*left,nl;
+    if(nd>0){ best=dir[0]; right=dir+1; nr=nd-1; left=clo;   nl=nc;   }
+    else    { best=clo[0]; right=clo;   nr=0;    left=clo+1; nl=nc-1; }
+    int c=(fn-1)/2;                                     /* best sits at the array centre */
+    filt[c]=best;
+    int rp=0,lp=0;
+    for(int ri=c+1; ri<fn; ri++){                      /* right of centre: direct, then overflow */
+        if(rp<nr) filt[ri]=right[rp++]; else if(lp<nl) filt[ri]=left[lp++];
+    }
+    for(int li=c-1; li>=0; li--){                      /* left of centre: close, then overflow */
+        if(lp<nl) filt[li]=left[lp++]; else if(rp<nr) filt[li]=right[rp++];
+    }
+    free(dir); free(clo);
+    int vis = fn<slots?fn:slots; if(vis<1)vis=1;
+    if(vis>=4 && (vis&1)==0) vis--;                     /* odd -> best lands at the exact top */
+    int maxoff = fn>vis?fn-vis:0;
+    int off = c-(vis-1)/2; if(off<0)off=0; if(off>maxoff)off=maxoff;
+    int ss = c-off; if(ss<0)ss=0; if(ss>vis-1)ss=vis-1;
+    *p_off=off; *p_selslot=ss;
+    return fn;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* icons                                                               */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+static void resolve_icon(const char*name,char*out,size_t n){
+    out[0]='\0'; if(!name||!*name) return;
+    if(strchr(name,'/')){ if(file_exists(name)) snprintf(out,n,"%s",name); return; }
+    const char*home=getenv("HOME"),*xdh=getenv("XDG_DATA_HOME");
+    char bases[8][PATH_MAX]; int nb=0;
+    if(xdh&&*xdh) snprintf(bases[nb++],PATH_MAX,"%s/icons",xdh);
+    else if(home) snprintf(bases[nb++],PATH_MAX,"%s/.local/share/icons",home);
+    if(home) snprintf(bases[nb++],PATH_MAX,"%s/.icons",home);
+    snprintf(bases[nb++],PATH_MAX,"/usr/local/share/icons");
+    snprintf(bases[nb++],PATH_MAX,"/usr/share/icons");
+    const char*themes[]={"hicolor","Adwaita","gnome","breeze","Papirus","Humanity",NULL};
+    const char*sizes[]={"48x48","64x64","32x32","128x128","256x256","96x96","24x24","scalable",NULL};
+    const char*cats[]={"apps","categories","devices","places","status","mimetypes","actions",NULL};
+    const char*exts[]={"png","svg","jpg","bmp",NULL};
+    char p[PATH_MAX];
+    /* icons dropped directly in an icons dir (not a theme subdir), e.g.
+       ~/.local/share/icons/duckduckgo.svg — check these first */
+    for(int b=0;b<nb;b++)for(int e=0;exts[e];e++){
+        snprintf(p,sizeof p,"%.3500s/%.400s.%s",bases[b],name,exts[e]);
+        if(file_exists(p)){ snprintf(out,n,"%s",p); return; }
+    }
+    for(int b=0;b<nb;b++)for(int t=0;themes[t];t++)for(int s=0;sizes[s];s++)
+        for(int ca=0;cats[ca];ca++)for(int e=0;exts[e];e++){
+            snprintf(p,sizeof p,"%.3500s/%s/%s/%s/%.400s.%s",bases[b],themes[t],sizes[s],cats[ca],name,exts[e]);
+            if(file_exists(p)){ snprintf(out,n,"%s",p); return; }
+        }
+    const char*pm[]={"/usr/share/pixmaps","/usr/local/share/pixmaps",NULL};
+    for(int i=0;pm[i];i++)for(int e=0;exts[e];e++){
+        snprintf(p,sizeof p,"%s/%.400s.%s",pm[i],name,exts[e]);
+        if(file_exists(p)){ snprintf(out,n,"%s",p); return; }
+    }
+}
+static SDL_Texture *load_icon_tex(SDL_Renderer*ren,const char*path){
+    int w,h,ch; unsigned char*data=stbi_load(path,&w,&h,&ch,4);
+    if(!data) return NULL;
+    SDL_Surface*s=SDL_CreateSurfaceFrom(w,h,SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ABGR8888,data,w*4);
+    if(!s){ stbi_image_free(data); return NULL; }
+    SDL_Texture*t=SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(ren,s);
+    SDL_DestroySurface(s); stbi_image_free(data);
+    if(t){ SDL_SetTextureScaleMode(t,SDL_SCALEMODE_LINEAR); SDL_SetTextureBlendMode(t,SDL_BLENDMODE_BLEND); }
+    return t;
+}
+static int ends_with_ci(const char*s,const char*suf){
+    size_t ls=strlen(s),lf=strlen(suf);
+    return ls>=lf && strcasecmp(s+ls-lf,suf)==0;
+}
+/* rasterise an SVG icon to a texture at ~px pixels (aspect preserved) */
+static SDL_Texture *load_svg_tex(SDL_Renderer*ren,const char*path,int px){
+    if(px<16)px=16; if(px>512)px=512;
+    NSVGimage*img=nsvgParseFromFile(path,"px",96.0f);
+    if(!img) return NULL;
+    if(img->width<=0||img->height<=0){ nsvgDelete(img); return NULL; }
+    float big=img->width>img->height?img->width:img->height;
+    float sc=(float)px/big;
+    int ow=(int)(img->width*sc+0.5f), oh=(int)(img->height*sc+0.5f);
+    if(ow<1)ow=1; if(oh<1)oh=1;
+    unsigned char*pix=malloc((size_t)ow*oh*4);
+    NSVGrasterizer*r=nsvgCreateRasterizer();
+    if(!pix||!r){ free(pix); if(r)nsvgDeleteRasterizer(r); nsvgDelete(img); return NULL; }
+    nsvgRasterize(r,img,0,0,sc,pix,ow,oh,ow*4);
+    nsvgDeleteRasterizer(r); nsvgDelete(img);
+    SDL_Surface*s=SDL_CreateSurfaceFrom(ow,oh,SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ABGR8888,pix,ow*4);
+    if(!s){ free(pix); return NULL; }
+    SDL_Texture*t=SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(ren,s);
+    SDL_DestroySurface(s); free(pix);
+    if(t){ SDL_SetTextureScaleMode(t,SDL_SCALEMODE_LINEAR); SDL_SetTextureBlendMode(t,SDL_BLENDMODE_BLEND); }
+    return t;
+}
+static SDL_Texture *app_icon(SDL_Renderer*ren,App*a,Config*c){
+    if(!c->icons) return NULL;
+    if(!a->icon_tried){ a->icon_tried=1;
+        char path[PATH_MAX]; resolve_icon(a->icon,path,sizeof path);
+        if(*path){
+            if(ends_with_ci(path,".svg")){
+                int px=(int)(c->icon_px*c->ui_scale*2.0f); if(px<48)px=48; if(px>256)px=256;
+                a->tex=load_svg_tex(ren,path,px);
+            } else {
+                a->tex=load_icon_tex(ren,path);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return a->tex;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* launching + history                                                 */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+static void mkparents(const char*path){
+    char tmp[PATH_MAX]; snprintf(tmp,sizeof tmp,"%s",path);
+    for(char*p=tmp+1;*p;p++) if(*p=='/'){ *p='\0'; mkdir(tmp,0755); *p='/'; }
+}
+static void history_prepend(Config*c,const char*id){
+    mkparents(c->history);
+    char*lines[256]; int ln=0; FILE*f=fopen(c->history,"r");
+    if(f){ char b[512]; while(ln<255&&fgets(b,sizeof b,f)){ char*t=trim(b);
+        if(!*t||!strcmp(t,id))continue; lines[ln++]=xstrdup(t); }
+        fclose(f);
+    }
+    f=fopen(c->history,"w"); if(!f){ for(int i=0;i<ln;i++)free(lines[i]); return; }
+    fprintf(f,"%s\n",id);
+    for(int i=0;i<ln;i++){ fprintf(f,"%s\n",lines[i]); free(lines[i]); }
+    fclose(f);
+}
+static void launch(App*a,Config*c){
+    char cmd[8192];
+    if(!strcmp(c->launcher,"gtk-launch")) snprintf(cmd,sizeof cmd,"gtk-launch %s.desktop",a->id);
+    else if(a->terminal) snprintf(cmd,sizeof cmd,"%s -e %s",c->terminal,a->exec);
+    else snprintf(cmd,sizeof cmd,"%s",a->exec);
+    history_prepend(c,a->id);
+
+    /* Launch fully detached from whatever started us. Without this, the child
+       inherits our stdin/stdout/stderr and controlling terminal, so a terminal
+       app (or anything that touches the tty) corrupts the shell we were run
+       from. We: new session (setsid) so there's no controlling tty, a second
+       fork so it can never reacquire one and gets reparented to init, and
+       std fds pointed at /dev/null. */
+    pid_t pid=fork();
+    if(pid<0){ fprintf(stderr,"appwheel: fork failed\n"); return; }
+    if(pid==0){
+        setsid();
+        pid_t p2=fork();
+        if(p2>0) _exit(0);
+        int fd=open("/dev/null",O_RDWR);
+        if(fd>=0){ dup2(fd,0); dup2(fd,1); dup2(fd,2); if(fd>2) close(fd); }
+        const char*home=getenv("HOME"); if(home){ if(chdir(home)!=0){} }
+        execl("/bin/sh","sh","-c",cmd,(char*)NULL);
+        _exit(127);
+    }
+    waitpid(pid,NULL,0);   /* reap the intermediate child; grandchild -> init */
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+/* geometry primitives                                                 */
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+static void fill_circle(SDL_Renderer*r,float cx,float cy,float rad,Col c){
+    const int SEG=96; SDL_Vertex v[SEG+2]; SDL_FColor fc=tofc(c);
+    v[0].position=(SDL_FPoint){cx,cy}; v[0].color=fc; v[0].tex_coord=(SDL_FPoint){0,0};
+    for(int i=0;i<=SEG;i++){ float a=(float)(2*M_PI*i/SEG);
+        v[i+1].position=(SDL_FPoint){cx+rad*cosf(a),cy+rad*sinf(a)};
+        v[i+1].color=fc; v[i+1].tex_coord=(SDL_FPoint){0,0}; }
+    int idx[SEG*3]; for(int i=0;i<SEG;i++){ idx[i*3]=0; idx[i*3+1]=i+1; idx[i*3+2]=i+2; }
+    SDL_RenderGeometry(r,NULL,v,SEG+2,idx,SEG*3);
+}
+static void fill_sector(SDL_Renderer*r,float cx,float cy,float r0,float r1,float a0,float a1,Col c){
+    int seg=(int)((a1-a0)/0.04f)+2; if(seg<2)seg=2; if(seg>160)seg=160;
+    int nv=(seg+1)*2; SDL_Vertex*v=malloc(nv*sizeof*v); SDL_FColor fc=tofc(c);
+    for(int i=0;i<=seg;i++){ float a=a0+(a1-a0)*i/seg,ca=cosf(a),sa=sinf(a);
+        v[2*i].position=(SDL_FPoint){cx+r0*ca,cy+r0*sa};
+        v[2*i+1].position=(SDL_FPoint){cx+r1*ca,cy+r1*sa};
+        v[2*i].color=v[2*i+1].color=fc; v[2*i].tex_coord=v[2*i+1].tex_coord=(SDL_FPoint){0,0}; }
+    int ni=seg*6,*idx=malloc(ni*sizeof*idx);
+    for(int i=0;i<seg;i++){ int b=2*i;
+        idx[i*6]=b;idx[i*6+1]=b+1;idx[i*6+2]=b+2; idx[i*6+3]=b+1;idx[i*6+4]=b+3;idx[i*6+5]=b+2; }
+    SDL_RenderGeometry(r,NULL,v,nv,idx,ni); free(v); free(idx);
+}
+static void fill_tri(SDL_Renderer*r,float x0,float y0,float x1,float y1,float x2,float y2,Col c){
+    SDL_FColor fc=tofc(c);
+    SDL_Vertex v[3]={ {{x0,y0},fc,{0,0}}, {{x1,y1},fc,{0,0}}, {{x2,y2},fc,{0,0}} };
+    int idx[3]={0,1,2};
+    SDL_RenderGeometry(r,NULL,v,3,idx,3);
+}
+/* stacked arrowheads pointing dir (+1 right / -1 left); count grows with speed */
+static void draw_chevrons(SDL_Renderer*r,float x,float y,int dir,float s,int count,Col c){
+    if(count<1)count=1;
+    float gap=s*0.72f, total=(count-1)*gap, start=x-dir*total/2;
+    for(int i=0;i<count;i++){
+        float ax=start+dir*i*gap;
+        fill_tri(r, ax+dir*s*0.5f, y,
+                    ax-dir*s*0.5f, y-s*0.62f,
+                    ax-dir*s*0.5f, y+s*0.62f, c);
+    }
+}
+static float norm_ang(float a){ while(a>M_PI)a-=2*M_PI; while(a<=-M_PI)a+=2*M_PI; return a; }
+
+/* is the cursor on a paging ICON? (used only for the startup arming) */
+static int on_icon(float mx,float my,float cx,float cy,float rl,float hitr){
+    float lx=cx+rl*cosf(ICON_AL), ly=cy+rl*sinf(ICON_AL);
+    float rx=cx+rl*cosf(ICON_AR), ry=cy+rl*sinf(ICON_AR);
+    float h2=hitr*hitr;
+    float a=mx-lx,b=my-ly, c=mx-rx,d=my-ry;
+    return (a*a+b*b<=h2) || (c*c+d*d<=h2);
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+static void dump_config(void){
+    fputs(
+"# appwheel config  —  ~/.config/appwheel/config\n"
+"# One key=value per line. '#' starts a comment. Blank lines are ignored.\n"
+"# Every key here also works on the command line (key=value or --key=value);\n"
+"# command-line values win over the file. See `appwheel --help` for the full list.\n"
+"# The values below are the built-in defaults, so this file changes nothing\n"
+"# until you edit it.\n"
+"\n"
+"# --- window ---\n"
+"width=900\n"
+"height=900\n"
+"fullscreen=1     # cover the screen as a borderless overlay (0 = 900x900 window)\n"
+"close_on_focus_loss=0   # 1 = quit when the window loses focus (dmenu-style)\n"
+"\n"
+"# --- ring layout & paging ---\n"
+"slots=11          # wide, easy-to-hit slots across the TOP arc\n"
+"arc=240           # degrees of the ring used for apps (rest = paging zone)\n"
+"radius=0.44       # wheel size, as a fraction of the shorter screen side\n"
+"y_offset=0.10     # nudge the wheel down (apps sit up top, so this centers it)\n"
+"page_ms=110       # base ms per paged step at the SLOW end. Bigger = calmer\n"
+"                  # start. Paging eases in: slow where you enter the bottom\n"
+"                  # zone, fast toward straight-down.\n"
+"\n"
+"# --- rendering ---\n"
+"ssaa=2            # full-scene supersampling 1..4 (smooths edges). alias: aa\n"
+"animate=1         # crossfade app names/icons when results change\n"
+"anim_ms=90        # its duration (0 or animate=0 to turn it off)\n"
+"recent_first=1    # bias the best match toward your recently-used apps\n"
+"icons=1           # show .desktop icons if found (PNG/SVG/JPG/BMP)\n"
+"icon_px=46        # icon size (before ui_scale)\n"
+"\n"
+"# --- text ---\n"
+"ui_scale=1.0      # master text size. 1.3 = bigger, 0.85 = smaller.\n"
+"                  # aliases: font_scale, text_scale\n"
+"label_px=24       # app labels on the wheel   (all four are multiplied by\n"
+"title_px=25       # selected app name (center)  ui_scale, so tweak one or all)\n"
+"search_px=20      # the text you type (search box)\n"
+"count_px=20       # the \"3 / 42\" counter\n"
+"# By default appwheel uses your desktop's configured font (via fontconfig).\n"
+"# Set a .ttf path or a family name to override, e.g. font=JetBrains Mono\n"
+"# font=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf\n"
+"font_px=50        # glyph atlas height; the sharpness ceiling for big text\n"
+"\n"
+"# --- launching / ordering ---\n"
+"# appwheel logs every app you launch to the history file below and shows the\n"
+"# most-recently-opened ones first. This is the default (sort=recent).\n"
+"sort=recent       # recent = most-recently-opened first (DEFAULT) | alpha = A-Z\n"
+"launcher=sh       # sh = run Exec= ; gtk-launch = launch by desktop id\n"
+"terminal=xterm    # used for Terminal=true entries when launcher=sh\n"
+"# history=~/.cache/appwheel/history   # the opened-apps log (auto-created)\n"
+"\n"
+"# which apps show / in what order (an id is the .desktop filename without\n"
+"# the extension; run `appwheel --list` to see them):\n"
+"# dirs=~/.local/share/applications:/usr/share/applications\n"
+"# include=firefox,code,gimp     # show ONLY these ids, in this exact order\n"
+"# exclude=htop,xterm            # hide these (matches id OR Name)\n"
+"\n"
+"# --- colors: #rrggbb or #rrggbbaa ---\n"
+"# bg alpha < ff => transparent window background (needs a compositor)\n"
+"bg=0d111700\n"
+"ring=1e2733f2\n"
+"ring2=26313ff2\n"
+"hl=cb9b00ff        # highlighted slot\n"
+"text=e8e8e8ff      # normal slot text\n"
+"hltext=141414ff    # text on the highlighted slot\n"
+"center=0d1117e6    # hub disc (keep some alpha so search text stays legible)\n"
+"accent=89afc4ff    # typed query text + active paging chevrons\n"
+"dim=5a6b7aff       # hints / counters / idle chevrons\n",
+    stdout);
+}
+
+static void usage(const char*a0){
+    printf(
+"appwheel — a GTA-V-style radial (weapon-wheel) app launcher (Wayland & X11)\n"
+"\n"
+"USAGE\n"
+"  %s [options] [key=value ...]\n"
+"\n"
+"  Every config key below is also a command-line argument. Both forms work:\n"
+"      appwheel slots=8 arc=220 icons=0\n"
+"      appwheel --slots=8 --arc=220 --icons=0\n"
+"  CLI values override the config file.\n"
+"\n"
+"OPTIONS\n"
+"  -c, --config PATH   config file (default: $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/wheel/config)\n"
+"      --dump-config   print a commented default config (redirect to save it):\n"
+"                        appwheel --dump-config > ~/.config/appwheel/config\n"
+"      --list          print discovered apps (with resolved icon) and exit\n"
+"      --no-recent     rank matches purely by relevance, ignoring recent-app bias\n"
+"  -d, --dmenu         read newline-separated items from stdin, print the chosen\n"
+"                      one to stdout (a dmenu/bemenu/wofi-style picker)\n"
+"  -h, --help          show this help and exit\n"
+"\n"
+"LAYOUT / INTERACTION\n"
+"  slots=11            wide, easy-to-hit app slots across the top arc\n"
+"  arc=240             degrees of the ring used for apps (rest = paging zone)\n"
+"  radius=0.44         wheel size (fraction of the shorter screen side)\n"
+"  y_offset=0.10       nudge the wheel down so it looks vertically centered\n"
+"  page_ms=110         base ms per paged step; the farther left/right the\n"
+"                      cursor sits in the bottom zone, the faster it pages\n"
+"\n"
+"ICONS  (PNG, SVG, JPG, BMP)\n"
+"  icons=1             1 = show .desktop icons, 0 = labels only\n"
+"  icon_px=46          icon draw size (before ui_scale)\n"
+"\n"
+"TEXT\n"
+"  ui_scale=1.0        master text size (aliases: font_scale, text_scale)\n"
+"  label_px=24         app labels on the wheel     ) each is multiplied\n"
+"  title_px=25         selected app name (center)  ) by ui_scale; set any\n"
+"  search_px=20        the text you type           ) one independently\n"
+"  count_px=20         the \"3 / 42\" counter        )\n"
+"  font=PATH|FAMILY    a .ttf path, or a fontconfig family like \"JetBrains Mono\".\n"
+"                      Default: your desktop's configured font (via fc-match).\n"
+"  font_px=50          atlas raster height; larger = crisper big text\n"
+"\n"
+"RENDERING\n"
+"  ssaa=2              full-scene supersampling 1..4 (smooths edges; alias: aa)\n"
+"  animate=1 anim_ms=90  crossfade names/icons when results change (0 = off)\n"
+"  width=900 height=900 fullscreen=1  close_on_focus_loss=0\n"
+"\n"
+"SOURCES / ORDER\n"
+"  An app's \"id\" is just its .desktop filename without the extension:\n"
+"      /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop      -> id \"firefox\"\n"
+"      ~/.local/share/applications/spotify.desktop  -> id \"spotify\"\n"
+"  Run  appwheel --list  to print every id next to its visible Name.\n"
+"\n"
+"  sort=recent                    recent (most-recently-opened first, the\n"
+"                                 DEFAULT) | alpha (A-Z). Every launch is\n"
+"                                 logged to the history file automatically.\n"
+"  include=firefox,gimp,spotify   show ONLY these ids, in this exact order\n"
+"  exclude=htop,xterm             hide these (matches the id OR the Name)\n"
+"  dirs=DIR:DIR                   scan these instead of the default dirs, e.g.\n"
+"      dirs=~/.local/share/applications:/usr/share/applications\n"
+"  launcher=sh                    sh = run Exec= ; gtk-launch = launch by id\n"
+"  terminal=xterm                 terminal for Terminal=true apps (launcher=sh)\n"
+"  history=PATH                   recency file (default ~/.cache/wheel/history)\n"
+"\n"
+"EXAMPLES\n"
+"  appwheel --list                          # discover ids\n"
+"  appwheel include=firefox,code,gimp       # a curated wheel, in that order\n"
+"  appwheel exclude=htop sort=alpha ssaa=3  # hide htop, A-Z, extra-smooth\n"
+"  appwheel ui_scale=1.3 icon_px=56         # bigger text and icons\n"
+"\n"
+"COLORS  (#rrggbb or #rrggbbaa)\n"
+"  bg ring ring2 hl text hltext center accent dim\n"
+"  bg alpha < ff => transparent window background (needs a compositor)\n"
+"\n"
+"CONTROLS\n"
+"  mouse over top arc      highlight a slot\n"
+"  bottom-left / -right    page back / forward (farther out = faster)\n"
+"  scroll wheel            scroll the list under the fixed highlight\n"
+"  type                    filter by name        Backspace  edit filter\n"
+"  Enter / left-click      launch                Esc        clear filter / quit\n"
+"  Right-click             quit\n",
+    a0);
+}
+
+/* Load the app/menu list (stdin for dmenu, else scan .desktop dirs). Kept
+   separate so the SDL window can be created first — see main(). */
+static void load_apps(AppList*apps, Config*cfg, int dmenu){
+    if(dmenu){                                     /* dmenu mode: items come from stdin */
+        char line[8192];
+        while(fgets(line,sizeof line,stdin)){
+            size_t L=strlen(line);
+            while(L && (line[L-1]=='\n'||line[L-1]=='\r')) line[--L]=0;
+            App a; memset(&a,0,sizeof a);
+            a.id=xstrdup(line); a.name=xstrdup(line);
+            applist_push(apps,a);                  /* input order preserved */
+        }
+    } else if(*cfg->dirs){ char*copy=xstrdup(cfg->dirs),*tok=strtok(copy,":");
+        while(tok){ char d[PATH_MAX]; expand_tilde(tok,d,sizeof d); scan_dir(apps,d); tok=strtok(NULL,":"); }
+        free(copy);
+    } else {
+        char dirs[64][PATH_MAX]; int nd=0; collect_default_dirs(dirs,&nd,64);
+        for(int i=0;i<nd;i++) scan_dir(apps,dirs[i]);
+    }
+    if(!dmenu){ apply_config_order(apps,cfg); apply_recency(apps,cfg); }
+}
+
+int main(int argc,char**argv){
+    Config cfg; config_defaults(&cfg);
+    char cfgpath[PATH_MAX];
+    const char*xc=getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME"),*home=getenv("HOME");
+    if(xc&&*xc) snprintf(cfgpath,sizeof cfgpath,"%s/appwheel/config",xc);
+    else snprintf(cfgpath,sizeof cfgpath,"%s/.config/appwheel/config",home?home:".");
+
+    int want_list=0, dmenu=0;
+    for(int i=1;i<argc;i++){
+        if((!strcmp(argv[i],"-c")||!strcmp(argv[i],"--config"))&&i+1<argc)
+            snprintf(cfgpath,sizeof cfgpath,"%s",argv[++i]);
+        else if(!strcmp(argv[i],"-h")||!strcmp(argv[i],"--help")){ usage(argv[0]); return 0; }
+        else if(!strcmp(argv[i],"--dump-config")){ dump_config(); return 0; }
+        else if(!strcmp(argv[i],"--list")) want_list=1;
+        else if(!strcmp(argv[i],"--dmenu")||!strcmp(argv[i],"-d")) dmenu=1;
+    }
+    { char tmp[PATH_MAX]; expand_tilde(cfgpath,tmp,sizeof tmp); snprintf(cfgpath,sizeof cfgpath,"%s",tmp); }
+    sw_shared_apply("appwheel",config_set_shared,&cfg);   /* shared first */
+    config_load(&cfg,cfgpath);                            /* our own wins  */
+    for(int i=1;i<argc;i++){
+        if(!strcmp(argv[i],"-c")||!strcmp(argv[i],"--config")){ i++; continue; }
+        if(!strcmp(argv[i],"--list")||!strcmp(argv[i],"-h")||!strcmp(argv[i],"--help")||!strcmp(argv[i],"--dump-config")||!strcmp(argv[i],"--dmenu")||!strcmp(argv[i],"-d")) continue;
+        if(!strcmp(argv[i],"--no-recent")||!strcmp(argv[i],"--all-apps")){ cfg.recent_first=0; continue; }
+        char*a=argv[i]; while(*a=='-') a++;            /* accept --key=value too */
+        char*eq=strchr(a,'='); if(eq){ *eq='\0'; config_set(&cfg,a,eq+1); }
+    }
+    if(cfg.ssaa<1)cfg.ssaa=1; if(cfg.ssaa>4)cfg.ssaa=4;
+    if(cfg.slots<1)cfg.slots=1;
+    { char tmp[PATH_MAX];
+      expand_tilde(cfg.history,tmp,sizeof tmp); snprintf(cfg.history,sizeof cfg.history,"%s",tmp);
+      if(*cfg.font){ expand_tilde(cfg.font,tmp,sizeof tmp); snprintf(cfg.font,sizeof cfg.font,"%s",tmp); } }
+
+    AppList apps={0};
+
+    if(want_list){                                 /* --list: no window needed */
+        load_apps(&apps,&cfg,dmenu);
+        for(int j=0;j<apps.n;j++)
+            printf("%-26s | %-32s | icon=%s%s\n",apps.v[j].id,apps.v[j].name,
+                   apps.v[j].icon?apps.v[j].icon:"-", apps.v[j].terminal?"  [term]":"");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Identify as AppWheel so the compositor shows a proper name, and set the
+       Wayland app_id / X11 WM_CLASS so float/center rules match. Before init. */
+    SDL_SetAppMetadata("AppWheel","1.0","org.appwheel.AppWheel");
+    SDL_SetHint(SDL_HINT_APP_ID,"appwheel");
+
+    if(!SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)){ fprintf(stderr,"SDL_Init: %s\n",SDL_GetError()); return 1; }
+
+    /* "Fullscreen" here means a borderless window the size of the display — a
+       floating overlay, NOT exclusive fullscreen. Exclusive fullscreen makes the
+       surface opaque (black instead of transparent) and causes a mode-switch
+       glitch on close, so we avoid it. */
+    int winw=cfg.width, winh=cfg.height;
+    SDL_Rect dbounds; int have_bounds=0;
+    if(cfg.fullscreen){
+        SDL_DisplayID d=SDL_GetPrimaryDisplay();
+        if(d && SDL_GetDisplayBounds(d,&dbounds)){ winw=dbounds.w; winh=dbounds.h; have_bounds=1; }
+    }
+    SDL_WindowFlags wf=SDL_WINDOW_BORDERLESS|SDL_WINDOW_ALWAYS_ON_TOP;
+    if(cfg.bg.a<255) wf|=SDL_WINDOW_TRANSPARENT;
+    SDL_Window*win=SDL_CreateWindow("AppWheel",winw,winh,wf);
+    if(!win){ fprintf(stderr,"CreateWindow: %s\n",SDL_GetError()); return 1; }
+    if(have_bounds) SDL_SetWindowPosition(win,dbounds.x,dbounds.y);
+    SDL_Renderer*ren=SDL_CreateRenderer(win,NULL);
+    if(!ren){ fprintf(stderr,"CreateRenderer: %s\n",SDL_GetError()); return 1; }
+    SDL_SetRenderDrawBlendMode(ren,SDL_BLENDMODE_BLEND);
+    SDL_RaiseWindow(win);
+    SDL_StartTextInput(win);
+
+    /* Get the window mapped & focused NOW, before the (possibly slow, on a busy
+       machine) .desktop scan and font load — so keystrokes typed during loading
+       are queued for us by the compositor instead of being lost. */
+    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(ren,cfg.bg.r,cfg.bg.g,cfg.bg.b,cfg.bg.a);
+    SDL_RenderClear(ren); SDL_RenderPresent(ren);
+    for(int i=0;i<4;i++){ SDL_PumpEvents(); SDL_Delay(1); }
+
+    load_apps(&apps,&cfg,dmenu);                    /* slow part; keystrokes queue meanwhile */
+
+    if(apps.n==0){ fprintf(stderr,"appwheel: no %s\n", dmenu?"input on stdin":".desktop applications found");
+                   SDL_DestroyRenderer(ren); SDL_DestroyWindow(win); SDL_Quit(); return 1; }
+
+    Font font; memset(&font,0,sizeof font);
+    char fontpath[PATH_MAX]={0};
+    if(*cfg.font){                                   /* explicit: a path OR a family name */
+        if(file_exists(cfg.font)) snprintf(fontpath,sizeof fontpath,"%s",cfg.font);
+        else fc_match(cfg.font,fontpath,sizeof fontpath);
+    }
+    if(!*fontpath) fc_match("sans-serif",fontpath,sizeof fontpath);  /* the desktop default */
+    if(!*fontpath) try_font_paths(fontpath,sizeof fontpath);         /* last-resort known paths */
+    int atlas_px=(int)(cfg.font_px*cfg.ui_scale); if(atlas_px<10)atlas_px=10; if(atlas_px>200)atlas_px=200;
+    if(*fontpath) font_load(&font,ren,fontpath,atlas_px);
+    if(!font.ok) fprintf(stderr,"appwheel: no usable TTF font found; using built-in font\n");
+
+    int *filt=malloc(apps.n*sizeof*filt); int fn=0; char query[256]={0};
+    int off=0, selslot=0;                 /* fixed highlight = off+selslot     */
+    Uint64 anim0=0;                       /* time of last filter change (animation) */
+    /* Per-slot crossfade bookkeeping: last_* is the layout drawn last frame;
+       snap_* is frozen at the moment of a results change. A slot only fades if
+       its app+position differ from the snapshot, so anything that stays put
+       (e.g. the top icon while you refine a query) is not re-animated. */
+    #define SNAPMAX 256
+    int   snap_item[SNAPMAX], last_item[SNAPMAX]; float snap_ang[SNAPMAX], last_ang[SNAPMAX];
+    int   snap_n=0, last_n=0, snap_sel=-1, last_sel=-1;
+    #define REBUILD() do{ \
+        memcpy(snap_item,last_item,sizeof(int)*last_n); memcpy(snap_ang,last_ang,sizeof(float)*last_n); \
+        snap_n=last_n; snap_sel=last_sel; \
+        fn=build_filter(&apps,query,filt,cfg.slots,cfg.recent_first,&off,&selslot); anim0=SDL_GetTicks(); }while(0)
+    REBUILD();
+
+    int page_dir=0; float page_speed=0;   /* for the paging indicators         */
+    float mx=cfg.width/2.0f,my=cfg.height/2.0f;
+    Uint64 last_page=0, blink0=SDL_GetTicks();
+    int running=1, had_focus=0, page_armed=0, prev_region=0, chose=0;
+    #define CHOOSE() do{ if(dmenu){ printf("%s\n",apps.v[filt[sel]].name); fflush(stdout); chose=1; } \
+                         else launch(&apps.v[filt[sel]],&cfg); running=0; }while(0)
+    float arc=cfg.arc_deg*(float)DEG; if(arc<60*DEG)arc=60*DEG; if(arc>330*DEG)arc=330*DEG;
+
+    SDL_Texture*target=NULL; int tw=0,th=0;
+    float ui=cfg.ui_scale;
+
+    while(running){
+        int w,h; SDL_GetWindowSize(win,&w,&h);
+        int ss=cfg.ssaa;
+        float mind=(w<h?w:h);
+        float cx=w/2.0f, cy=h/2.0f + cfg.y_offset*mind;
+        float R=mind*cfg.radius, ri=R*0.46f, rc=ri*0.95f, rl=(R+ri)/2.0f;
+
+        int searching = query[0]!=0;
+        int vis = fn? (fn<cfg.slots?fn:cfg.slots) : 0;
+        if(searching && vis>=4 && (vis&1)==0) vis--;   /* odd count -> a real top slot, balanced sides */
+        int maxoff = fn>vis?fn-vis:0;
+        if(off<0)off=0;
+        if(off>maxoff)off=maxoff;
+        if(vis>0){ if(selslot<0)selslot=0; if(selslot>vis-1)selslot=vis-1; }
+        int sel = fn? off+selslot : 0;
+        if(sel>fn-1)sel=fn-1;
+
+        float step = arc/(float)(vis>0?vis:1);   /* equal sectors fill the arc */
+        float top=-(float)M_PI/2;
+        float astart=top-arc/2;
+
+        /* --- paging: hovering anywhere in the bottom zone pages; deeper toward
+           straight-down = faster (slow -> fast). Gated by page_armed so it never
+           fires from wherever the cursor happened to open on (startup safety). --- */
+        float half_arc = arc/2 + 2.0f*(float)DEG;     /* apps fill the arc; page below it */
+        page_dir=0; page_speed=0;
+        if(page_armed){
+          float dx=mx-cx,dy=my-cy,dist=sqrtf(dx*dx+dy*dy);
+          if(dist>rc){
+              float pa=atan2f(dy,dx), dtop=norm_ang(pa-top);
+              if(fabsf(dtop)>half_arc){               /* below the app arc = paging zone */
+                  page_dir = dtop>0?1:-1;             /* right=forward, left=back */
+                  float depth=fabsf(dtop)-half_arc, maxd=(float)M_PI-half_arc;
+                  page_speed = maxd>0?clampf(depth/maxd,0,1):0;
+                  if(fn>vis){
+                      Uint64 now=SDL_GetTicks();
+                      float t=page_speed*page_speed;   /* ease in: gentle start, fast finish */
+                      int iv=(int)(cfg.page_ms*(1.0f-0.82f*t)); if(iv<24)iv=24;
+                      if((Sint64)(now-last_page)>=iv){
+                          off += page_dir;
+                          if(off<0)off=0;
+                          if(off>maxoff)off=maxoff;
+                          last_page=now;
+                      }
+                  }
+              }
+          }
+        }
+
+        SDL_Event ev;
+        while(SDL_PollEvent(&ev)){
+            if(ev.type==SDL_EVENT_QUIT) running=0;
+            else if(ev.type==SDL_EVENT_WINDOW_FOCUS_GAINED) had_focus=1;
+            else if(ev.type==SDL_EVENT_WINDOW_FOCUS_LOST){ if(cfg.close_on_focus_loss && had_focus) running=0; }
+            else if(ev.type==SDL_EVENT_MOUSE_MOTION){
+                mx=ev.motion.x; my=ev.motion.y;
+                float dx=mx-cx,dy=my-cy,dist=sqrtf(dx*dx+dy*dy);
+                int region=1; float adtop=0;   /* 1=apps/center, 2=bottom off-icon, 3=on icon */
+                if(dist>rc){
+                    float pa=atan2f(dy,dx), dtop=norm_ang(pa-top);
+                    adtop=fabsf(dtop);
+                    if(adtop<=half_arc){                    /* within the app arc */
+                        if(vis>0){
+                            int slot = (int)floorf((dtop+arc/2)/(step>0?step:1));
+                            if(slot<0)slot=0; if(slot>vis-1)slot=vis-1;
+                            selslot=slot;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else if(on_icon(mx,my,cx,cy,rl,R*0.10f)) region=3;   /* on the icon */
+                    else region=2;                                       /* bottom, off icon */
+                }
+                /* Startup safety (see the 3-state rules):
+                     - reaching the apps/center always arms (state 1)
+                     - approaching the icon from the bottom arms (state 2 -> icon)
+                     - leaving the icon DOWN/SIDEWAYS into the bottom arms; leaving
+                       it UP toward the apps does NOT, so you can pick an app
+                       without scrolling. Once armed, the whole bottom scrolls. */
+                float icon_dtop=fabsf(norm_ang(ICON_AL-top));   /* ~150 deg */
+                if(region==1) page_armed=1;
+                else if(region==3 && prev_region==2) page_armed=1;
+                else if(region==2 && prev_region==3 && adtop>=icon_dtop) page_armed=1;
+                prev_region=region;
+            }
+            else if(ev.type==SDL_EVENT_MOUSE_WHEEL){
+                int dir=ev.wheel.y>0?-1:(ev.wheel.y<0?1:0);
+                if(!dir&&ev.wheel.x)dir=ev.wheel.x>0?1:-1;
+                if(dir){
+                    if(maxoff>0){ off+=dir; if(off<0)off=0; if(off>maxoff)off=maxoff; }
+                    else if(vis>0){ selslot+=dir; if(selslot<0)selslot=0; if(selslot>vis-1)selslot=vis-1; }
+                }
+            }
+            else if(ev.type==SDL_EVENT_MOUSE_BUTTON_DOWN){
+                if(ev.button.button==SDL_BUTTON_LEFT&&fn){ CHOOSE(); }
+                else if(ev.button.button==SDL_BUTTON_RIGHT) running=0;
+            }
+            else if(ev.type==SDL_EVENT_TEXT_INPUT){
+                strncat(query,ev.text.text,sizeof query-strlen(query)-1);
+                REBUILD();
+            }
+            else if(ev.type==SDL_EVENT_KEY_DOWN){
+                SDL_Keycode k=ev.key.key;
+                if(k==SDLK_ESCAPE){ if(query[0]){query[0]='\0';REBUILD();} else running=0; }
+                else if(k==SDLK_RETURN||k==SDLK_KP_ENTER){ if(fn){ CHOOSE(); } }
+                else if(k==SDLK_BACKSPACE){ int L=strlen(query);
+                    if(L>0){ L--; while(L>0&&((unsigned char)query[L]&0xC0)==0x80)L--; query[L]='\0'; REBUILD(); } }
+                else if(k==SDLK_RIGHT || (k==SDLK_TAB && !(ev.key.mod&SDL_KMOD_SHIFT))){
+                    if(vis>0){ if(selslot<vis-1)selslot++; else if(off<maxoff)off++; } }
+                else if(k==SDLK_LEFT || (k==SDLK_TAB && (ev.key.mod&SDL_KMOD_SHIFT))){
+                    if(vis>0){ if(selslot>0)selslot--; else if(off>0)off--; } }
+                else if(k==SDLK_DOWN){ if(maxoff>0){ off+=vis; if(off>maxoff)off=maxoff; } }
+                else if(k==SDLK_UP){ if(maxoff>0){ off-=vis; if(off<0)off=0; } }
+            }
+        }
+        if(!running) break;
+
+        /* Input above may have changed fn/off/selslot (typing, backspace, paging),
+           so recompute the whole layout before rendering — otherwise this frame
+           would draw with the previous match count and the highlight flickers. */
+        searching = query[0]!=0;
+        vis = fn? (fn<cfg.slots?fn:cfg.slots) : 0;
+        if(searching && vis>=4 && (vis&1)==0) vis--;
+        maxoff = fn>vis?fn-vis:0;
+        if(off<0)off=0;
+        if(off>maxoff)off=maxoff;
+        if(vis>0){ if(selslot<0)selslot=0; if(selslot>vis-1)selslot=vis-1; }
+        sel = fn? off+selslot : 0;
+        if(sel>fn-1)sel=fn-1;
+        step = arc/(float)(vis>0?vis:1);
+
+        /* -------------------- render (optionally supersampled) ------------- */
+        if(ss>1){
+            if(!target||tw!=w*ss||th!=h*ss){
+                if(target)SDL_DestroyTexture(target);
+                target=SDL_CreateTexture(ren,SDL_PIXELFORMAT_RGBA8888,SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_TARGET,w*ss,h*ss);
+                if(target){ SDL_SetTextureScaleMode(target,SDL_SCALEMODE_LINEAR);
+                            SDL_SetTextureBlendMode(target,SDL_BLENDMODE_BLEND); tw=w*ss; th=h*ss; }
+            }
+            if(target){ SDL_SetRenderTarget(ren,target); SDL_SetRenderScale(ren,(float)ss,(float)ss); }
+            else ss=1;
+        }
+
+        SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(ren,cfg.bg.r,cfg.bg.g,cfg.bg.b,cfg.bg.a);
+        SDL_RenderClear(ren);
+
+        float slotw=step;
+        float label_px=cfg.label_px*ui;
+        /* app-data crossfade: on a results change, the names/icons/highlight text
+           fade back in while the ring sectors (background) stay put — smooths fast
+           typing without delaying anything. */
+        float af = (cfg.animate && cfg.anim_ms>0)
+                   ? clampf(0.30f + 0.70f*(float)(SDL_GetTicks()-anim0)/(float)cfg.anim_ms, 0.0f, 1.0f) : 1.0f;
+        for(int i=0;i<vis;i++){
+            int item=filt[off+i];
+            float a = astart+(i+0.5f)*step;
+            float a0=a-slotw/2+0.010f, a1=a+slotw/2-0.010f;
+            int hot=(off+i==sel);
+            Col scol=hot?cfg.hl:(i&1?cfg.ring2:cfg.ring);
+            fill_sector(ren,cx,cy,ri,R,a0,a1,scol);            /* sector stays solid */
+
+            /* stationary if this exact app sat at (nearly) this angle before the change */
+            int stationary=0;
+            for(int k=0;k<snap_n;k++) if(snap_item[k]==item && fabsf(snap_ang[k]-a)<0.02f){ stationary=1; break; }
+            float sfa = stationary?1.0f:af; Uint8 sfab=(Uint8)(255*sfa);
+            if(i<SNAPMAX){ last_item[i]=item; last_ang[i]=a; }
+
+            float lx=cx+rl*cosf(a), ly=cy+rl*sinf(a);
+            Col tc=hot?cfg.hltext:cfg.text; tc.a=(Uint8)(tc.a*sfa);   /* text fades (unless it held still) */
+            float chord=2*rl*sinf(slotw/2)*0.84f;
+            char lbl[160]; fit_label(&font,label_px,apps.v[item].name,chord,lbl,sizeof lbl);
+
+            SDL_Texture*ic=app_icon(ren,&apps.v[item],&cfg);
+            if(ic){
+                float isz=cfg.icon_px*ui; if(isz>chord)isz=chord;
+                float gap=7.0f*ui;                       /* breathing room */
+                float blockH=isz+gap+label_px;
+                float topy=ly-blockH/2;
+                SDL_FRect dst={lx-isz/2, topy, isz, isz};
+                SDL_SetTextureAlphaMod(ic,sfab);         /* icon fades (unless it held still) */
+                SDL_RenderTexture(ren,ic,NULL,&dst);
+                text_centered(ren,&font,lx, topy+isz+gap+label_px/2, label_px, tc, lbl);
+            } else {
+                text_centered(ren,&font,lx,ly,label_px,tc,lbl);
+            }
+        }
+        last_n = vis<SNAPMAX?vis:SNAPMAX;
+
+        /* paging indicators (chevrons) — brighten & multiply with speed */
+        if(fn>vis){
+            float aL=ICON_AL, aR=ICON_AR;   /* bottom-left / -right paging icons */
+            float lxp=cx+rl*cosf(aL), lyp=cy+rl*sinf(aL);
+            float rxp=cx+rl*cosf(aR), ryp=cy+rl*sinf(aR);
+            /* left */
+            { int on=(page_dir<0); float sp=on?page_speed:0;
+              Col c=on?cfg.accent:cfg.dim; c.a=on?255:210;
+              int cnt=1+(on?(int)lroundf(sp*2):0);
+              float s=(19.0f+ (on?13.0f*sp:0))*ui;
+              draw_chevrons(ren,lxp,lyp,-1,s,cnt,c); }
+            /* right */
+            { int on=(page_dir>0); float sp=on?page_speed:0;
+              Col c=on?cfg.accent:cfg.dim; c.a=on?255:210;
+              int cnt=1+(on?(int)lroundf(sp*2):0);
+              float s=(19.0f+ (on?13.0f*sp:0))*ui;
+              draw_chevrons(ren,rxp,ryp,+1,s,cnt,c); }
+        }
+
+        /* center hub */
+        fill_circle(ren,cx,cy,rc,cfg.center);
+        Uint64 now=SDL_GetTicks(); int caret=((now-blink0)/500)%2==0;
+        char shown[300];
+        if(query[0]) snprintf(shown,sizeof shown,"%s%s",query,caret?"|":" ");
+        else         snprintf(shown,sizeof shown,"type to search");
+        Col qc=query[0]?cfg.accent:cfg.dim;
+        text_centered(ren,&font,cx,cy-rc*0.42f,cfg.search_px*ui,qc,shown);
+
+        if(fn){
+            int sel_item=filt[sel]; last_sel=sel_item;
+            float caf = (sel_item==snap_sel)?1.0f:af;      /* same app in the hub -> no fade */
+            char nm[200]; fit_label(&font,cfg.title_px*ui,apps.v[sel_item].name,rc*1.7f,nm,sizeof nm);
+            Col nmc=cfg.text; nmc.a=(Uint8)(nmc.a*caf);
+            text_centered(ren,&font,cx,cy,cfg.title_px*ui,nmc,nm);
+            char cnt[64]; snprintf(cnt,sizeof cnt,"%d / %d",sel+1,fn);
+            Col cc=cfg.dim; cc.a=(Uint8)(cc.a*caf);
+            text_centered(ren,&font,cx,cy+rc*0.40f,cfg.count_px*ui,cc,cnt);
+        } else {
+            last_sel=-1;
+            text_centered(ren,&font,cx,cy,cfg.title_px*ui,cfg.dim,"no matches");
+        }
+
+        if(ss>1 && target){
+            SDL_SetRenderScale(ren,1,1);
+            SDL_SetRenderTarget(ren,NULL);
+            SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(ren,0,0,0,0);
+            SDL_RenderClear(ren);
+            SDL_RenderTexture(ren,target,NULL,NULL);     /* fade is per-element now */
+        }
+        SDL_RenderPresent(ren);
+        SDL_Delay(16);
+    }
+
+    if(target)SDL_DestroyTexture(target);
+    SDL_StopTextInput(win);
+    SDL_DestroyRenderer(ren);
+    SDL_DestroyWindow(win);
+    SDL_Quit();
+    return (dmenu && !chose) ? 1 : 0;   /* dmenu convention: non-zero on cancel */
+}
diff --git a/config.example b/config.example
index aaaa9b2..ac187ac 100644
--- a/config.example
+++ b/config.example
@@ -16,12 +16,26 @@ track=1            # remember how long each workspace is used, and which one
                    # you were on per monitor (that is what -b goes back to).
                    # swov performs every switch itself, so it stamps the time
                    # as it goes — no background process. 0 = do not record.
+back=global        # what -b goes back to:
+                   #   global = the workspace used last, anywhere. Step to the
+                   #            other monitor and -b brings you back to it
+                   #   output = the last one on the monitor you are on
+                   #   sway   = sway's own back_and_forth
 usage_dots=1       # dot scale down the left edge of a tile: how much that
                    # workspace is used, relative to the busiest one. Fills from
                    # the bottom.                              alias: usage_bar
 dot_count=14       # how many dots the scale has; fewer are drawn if the tile
                    # is too short for them
 dot_px=5           # dot diameter
+cpu=1              # a dot next to a workspace number showing how busy it is.
+cpu_min=4          # swbr measures this and leaves it in
+cpu_full=60        # $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/swbr-cpu; without swbr running there is
+                   # nothing to show and nothing is drawn
+
+blur=2             # --backdrop only: how soft the overview is drawn while
+                   # something else has the foreground. 0 = off, 3 = softest.
+                   # It sharpens by itself while an app is being dragged over
+                   # it, so you can read the workspace you are aiming at
 anim_ms=160        # how long tiles take to glide when the ghost slots come
                    # and go, in and out. 0 turns the animation off
 vsync=1
diff --git a/sw_config.example b/sw_config.example
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57458a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sw_config.example
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# ~/.config/sw/config — one look for swov, appwheel and swbr.
+#
+# Keys written here, before any [section], go to all three. Role names are
+# translated to each program's own keys; roles a program has no use for are
+# dropped. sw_theme.h holds the whole table.
+#
+# Read after the built-in defaults and before each program's own config, so
+# ~/.config/swov/config and the command line still win over anything here.
+
+# --- the palette ---------------------------------------------------------
+# role            swov            appwheel     swbr
+bg=0d1117cc     # bg              bg           —          the scrim
+surface=1e2733f2 # tile           ring         bg         the panel itself
+surface_alt=26313ff2 # tile_sel   ring2        —
+surface_hi=2b3644f2  # tile_hover —            ws_visible_bg
+inset=11171f9e  # mini_bg         center       —
+card=33404ff7   # card            —            ws_bg
+card_hi=46566af7 # card_hover     —            —
+card_focus=3b4a5bf7 # card_focus  —            —
+
+text=e8e8e8ff   # text            text         text
+subtext=b3c0cdff # subtext        —            ws_fg, ws_visible_fg
+dim=5a6b7aff    # dim             dim          dim
+hint=a7b5c4ff   # hint            —            —
+
+accent=89afc4ff # accent          accent       accent, msg_info
+hl=cb9b00ff     # hl              hl           hl, ws_focused_bg, mode_bg
+hltext=141414ff # hltext          hltext       ws_focused_fg, mode_fg
+current=4fb3a5ff # current        —            —
+match=b58ae0ff  # match           —            —
+warn=cb9b00ff   # —               —            msg_warn
+urgent=e0533cff # urgent          —            urgent, ws_urgent_bg, msg_error
+ok=3ddc84ff     # —               —            running
+outline=0a0e1499 # outline        —            outline, separator_color
+shadow=00000073 # shadow_color    —            —
+
+# --- everything else -----------------------------------------------------
+# font=                 leave unset and each program asks fc-match
+ui_scale=1.0
+anim_ms=160
+corner_radius=14 # swov radius, swbr radius. appwheel's `radius` is the size
+                 # of the wheel, so it is left alone
+ssaa=2           # swov, appwheel
+icons=1          # swov, appwheel
+icon_px=40
+
+# --- per program ---------------------------------------------------------
+# Inside a section that program's own key names work as well.
+
+[swov]
+# blur=2
+# cpu=1
+
+[appwheel]
+# radius=0.44
+# slots=8
+
+[swbr]
+# height=30
+# ws_cpu=1
diff --git a/sw_theme.h b/sw_theme.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..63d22c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sw_theme.h
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/* sw_theme.h — one look for swov, appwheel and swbr.
+ *
+ *     ${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-~/.config}/sw/config
+ *
+ * key=value, '#' comments, same as every other config here. Keys written
+ * before any [section] go to all three programs; keys inside [swov],
+ * [appwheel] or [swbr] go to that one only.
+ *
+ * Outside a section only *role* names are understood (surface, accent, hl,
+ * ...). Each program translates them to its own keys, and roles it has no use
+ * for are dropped. Inside a section every key of that program works as well.
+ *
+ * Order: built-in defaults -> this file -> the program's own config -> the
+ * command line. The specific always wins over the shared.
+ *
+ * Drop-in header, no dependencies. Each program calls sw_shared_apply() with
+ * its own setter, right before it reads its own config file.
+ */
+#ifndef SW_THEME_H
+#define SW_THEME_H
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+#define SW_MAX_PAIRS 256
+#define SW_KEYLEN     48
+#define SW_VALLEN    256
+#define SW_MAXNATIVE   4
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------ role table
+ * NULL = this program has nothing for that role. Several native keys are
+ * separated by commas: swbr paints its focused workspace button with `hl`.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+    const char *role, *swov, *appwheel, *swbr;
+} SwRole;
+
+static const SwRole SW_ROLES[] = {
+    /* role          swov            appwheel   swbr                           */
+    { "bg",          "bg",           "bg",      NULL                           },
+    { "surface",     "tile",         "ring",    "bg"                           },
+    { "surface_alt", "tile_sel",     "ring2",   NULL                           },
+    { "surface_hi",  "tile_hover",   NULL,      "ws_visible_bg"                },
+    { "inset",       "mini_bg",      "center",  NULL                           },
+    { "card",        "card",         NULL,      "ws_bg"                        },
+    { "card_hi",     "card_hover",   NULL,      NULL                           },
+    { "card_focus",  "card_focus",   NULL,      NULL                           },
+    { "text",        "text",         "text",    "text"                         },
+    { "subtext",     "subtext",      NULL,      "ws_fg,ws_visible_fg"          },
+    { "dim",         "dim",          "dim",     "dim"                          },
+    { "hint",        "hint",         NULL,      NULL                           },
+    { "accent",      "accent",       "accent",  "accent,msg_info"              },
+    { "hl",          "hl",           "hl",      "hl,ws_focused_bg,mode_bg"     },
+    { "hltext",      "hltext",       "hltext",  "ws_focused_fg,mode_fg,ws_urgent_fg" },
+    { "current",     "current",      NULL,      NULL                           },
+    { "match",       "match",        NULL,      NULL                           },
+    { "warn",        NULL,           NULL,      "msg_warn"                     },
+    { "urgent",      "urgent",       NULL,      "urgent,ws_urgent_bg,msg_error" },
+    { "ok",          NULL,           NULL,      "running"                      },
+    { "outline",     "outline",      NULL,      "outline,separator_color"      },
+    { "shadow",      "shadow_color", NULL,      NULL                           },
+
+    { "font",          "font",      "font",     "font"     },
+    { "font_bold",     "font_bold", NULL,       NULL       },
+    { "ui_scale",      "ui_scale",  "ui_scale", "ui_scale" },
+    { "anim_ms",       "anim_ms",   "anim_ms",  "anim_ms"  },
+    { "corner_radius", "radius",    NULL,       "radius"   },
+    { "ssaa",          "ssaa",      "ssaa",     NULL       },
+    { "icons",         "icons",     "icons",    NULL       },
+    { "icon_px",       "icon_px",   "icon_px",  NULL       },
+};
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ path */
+
+static const char *sw_shared_path(void)
+{
+    static char path[512];
+    const char *xdg = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME");
+    const char *home = getenv("HOME");
+    if (xdg && *xdg)       snprintf(path, sizeof path, "%s/sw/config", xdg);
+    else if (home && *home) snprintf(path, sizeof path, "%s/.config/sw/config", home);
+    else return NULL;
+    return path;
+}
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------- mapping */
+
+static int sw_ci_eq(const char *a, const char *b)
+{
+    for (; *a && *b; ++a, ++b)
+        if (tolower((unsigned char)*a) != tolower((unsigned char)*b)) return 0;
+    return *a == *b;
+}
+
+static const char *sw_role_for(const SwRole *r, const char *app)
+{
+    if (sw_ci_eq(app, "swov"))     return r->swov;
+    if (sw_ci_eq(app, "appwheel")) return r->appwheel;
+    if (sw_ci_eq(app, "swbr"))     return r->swbr;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Translate one shared key into the program's own keys.
+ * `scoped` means the key came from a [section], where the program's own key
+ * names are allowed too. Returns how many names were written. */
+static int sw_map(const char *app, const char *key, int scoped,
+                  char out[][SW_KEYLEN], int max)
+{
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof SW_ROLES / sizeof *SW_ROLES; ++i) {
+        if (!sw_ci_eq(SW_ROLES[i].role, key)) continue;
+        const char *nat = sw_role_for(&SW_ROLES[i], app);
+        if (!nat) return 0;                       /* not this program's business */
+        int n = 0;
+        while (*nat && n < max) {
+            const char *comma = strchr(nat, ',');
+            size_t len = comma ? (size_t)(comma - nat) : strlen(nat);
+            if (len >= SW_KEYLEN) len = SW_KEYLEN - 1;
+            memcpy(out[n], nat, len);
+            out[n][len] = '\0';
+            ++n;
+            if (!comma) break;
+            nat = comma + 1;
+        }
+        return n;
+    }
+    if (!scoped) return 0;                        /* global: roles only */
+    snprintf(out[0], SW_KEYLEN, "%s", key);       /* [section]: pass through */
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- reader */
+
+static char *sw_trim(char *s)
+{
+    while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t' || *s == '\r' || *s == '\n') ++s;
+    char *e = s + strlen(s);
+    while (e > s && (e[-1] == ' ' || e[-1] == '\t' || e[-1] == '\r' || e[-1] == '\n')) --e;
+    *e = '\0';
+    return s;
+}
+
+/* Read the shared file and hand every setting that concerns `app` to `set`,
+ * in file order, so a later line overrides an earlier one. Returns 1 if the
+ * file was there. */
+static int sw_shared_apply(const char *app,
+                           void (*set)(void *ud, const char *key, const char *val),
+                           void *ud)
+{
+    const char *path = sw_shared_path();
+    if (!path) return 0;
+    FILE *f = fopen(path, "r");
+    if (!f) return 0;
+
+    char line[1024], section[SW_KEYLEN] = "";
+    int  mine = 1;                                /* before any section: all */
+
+    while (fgets(line, sizeof line, f)) {
+        char *s = sw_trim(line);
+        if (!*s || *s == '#' || *s == ';') continue;
+
+        if (*s == '[') {                          /* [swov] */
+            char *end = strchr(s, ']');
+            if (!end) continue;
+            *end = '\0';
+            snprintf(section, sizeof section, "%s", sw_trim(s + 1));
+            mine = sw_ci_eq(section, app) || sw_ci_eq(section, "all") ||
+                   sw_ci_eq(section, "global");
+            if (sw_ci_eq(section, "all") || sw_ci_eq(section, "global")) section[0] = '\0';
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!mine) continue;
+
+        char *eq = strchr(s, '=');
+        if (!eq) continue;
+        *eq = '\0';
+        char *k = sw_trim(s), *v = sw_trim(eq + 1);
+        char *hash = strchr(v, '#');              /* trailing comment */
+        if (hash && hash > v && (hash[-1] == ' ' || hash[-1] == '\t')) {
+            *hash = '\0';
+            v = sw_trim(v);
+        }
+        if (!*k) continue;
+
+        char native[SW_MAXNATIVE][SW_KEYLEN];
+        int n = sw_map(app, k, section[0] != '\0', native, SW_MAXNATIVE);
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) set(ud, native[i], v);
+    }
+    fclose(f);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+#endif /* SW_THEME_H */
diff --git a/swbr.c b/swbr.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d440894
--- /dev/null
+++ b/swbr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3887 @@
+/* SwBr (swbr) — a floating layer-shell bar for Sway
+ *
+ * Sits on top of the tiled windows at the screen edge, does not steal space
+ * from them. Hover it and press space to fold it into a thin signal strip.
+ *
+ * Dependencies:
+ *   - libwayland-client   (the only library you link)
+ *   - stb_truetype.h      (vendored single-header — smooth fonts)
+ * The wlr-layer-shell protocol glue is vendored below, so there is no
+ * wayland-scanner step and nothing else to install.
+ *
+ * Build:
+ *   cc -std=c11 -O2 -Wall -Wextra -o swbr swbr.c -lwayland-client -lm
+ *
+ * Runtime deps: a running Sway session ($SWAYSOCK). No jq, no shell-outs:
+ * the program talks to the Sway IPC socket directly. fontconfig (fc-match)
+ * is used if present to pick a font, otherwise known paths are tried.
+ *
+ * See --help for every option (all config keys also work on the command line).
+ */
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * How this file is laid out (top to bottom):
+ *   1. small helpers        colors, string trim, hex-color + tilde parsing
+ *   2. layer-shell glue     vendored wlr-layer-shell-unstable-v1 marshalling
+ *   3. JSON                 the tiny parser used for sway's replies
+ *   4. sway ipc             request/subscribe socket, workspaces, mode
+ *   5. Config               the struct, defaults, key=value setter, file loader
+ *   6. text (Font)          stb_truetype glyph cache, software blitting
+ *   7. paint                ARGB32 buffer, rounded rectangles, clipping
+ *   8. markup               the pango subset (<span foreground=..>, <b>, &amp;)
+ *   9. status               the status_command child process and its lines
+ *  10. wayland              globals, one Bar per output, shm, pointer, keys
+ *  11. render               the expanded bar and the collapsed signal strip
+ *  12. usage()/dump_config  --help text and the default config generator
+ *  13. main()               setup, then the poll loop
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+
+#include <wayland-client.h>
+
+#define STB_TRUETYPE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "stb_truetype.h"
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <strings.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/un.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "sw_theme.h"
+
+#define APP_ID          "swbr"
+#define SWBR_VERSION  "0.9.0"
+#ifndef SWBR_BUILD                 /* set by the Makefile: md5 of this file */
+#define SWBR_BUILD "unknown"
+#endif
+#define MAX_WORKSPACES  64
+#define MAX_OUTPUTS     8
+#define MAX_RUNS        128
+#define MAX_BINDS       10
+#define MAX_CELLS       24
+
+enum { SLIM_AUTO, SLIM_TICK, SLIM_BAR, SLIM_CLOCK, SLIM_PRESENCE, SLIM_OFF };
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ util */
+
+static void die(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    fputs("swbr: ", stderr);
+    vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    fputc('\n', stderr);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+static void *xmalloc(size_t n)
+{
+    void *p = malloc(n ? n : 1);
+    if (!p) die("out of memory");
+    return p;
+}
+
+static void *xrealloc(void *p, size_t n)
+{
+    void *q = realloc(p, n ? n : 1);
+    if (!q) die("out of memory");
+    return q;
+}
+
+static void str_set(char *dst, size_t cap, const char *src)
+{
+    if (!cap) return;
+    size_t n = strlen(src);
+    if (n >= cap) n = cap - 1;
+    memcpy(dst, src, n);
+    dst[n] = 0;
+}
+
+static char *trim(char *s)
+{
+    while (*s && isspace((unsigned char)*s)) s++;
+    if (!*s) return s;
+    char *e = s + strlen(s) - 1;
+    while (e > s && isspace((unsigned char)*e)) *e-- = 0;
+    return s;
+}
+
+static bool file_exists(const char *p)
+{
+    struct stat st;
+    return stat(p, &st) == 0 && S_ISREG(st.st_mode);
+}
+
+static float clampf(float v, float lo, float hi) { return v < lo ? lo : (v > hi ? hi : v); }
+static int   clampi(int v, int lo, int hi)       { return v < lo ? lo : (v > hi ? hi : v); }
+
+static uint32_t now_ms(void)
+{
+    struct timespec ts;
+    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
+    return (uint32_t)(ts.tv_sec * 1000u + ts.tv_nsec / 1000000u);
+}
+
+typedef struct { uint8_t r, g, b, a; } Col;
+
+static void parse_color(const char *s, Col *out)
+{
+    if (*s == '#') s++;
+    unsigned r, g, b, a = 255;
+    if (strlen(s) >= 8 && sscanf(s, "%2x%2x%2x%2x", &r, &g, &b, &a) == 4) { }
+    else if (sscanf(s, "%2x%2x%2x", &r, &g, &b) == 3) { }
+    else return;
+    out->r = (uint8_t)r; out->g = (uint8_t)g; out->b = (uint8_t)b; out->a = (uint8_t)a;
+}
+
+/* expand a leading ~/ to $HOME (no shell involved) */
+static void expand_tilde(const char *in, char *out, size_t n)
+{
+    if (in[0] == '~' && (in[1] == '/' || in[1] == 0)) {
+        const char *home = getenv("HOME");
+        if (home) { snprintf(out, n, "%s%s", home, in + 1); return; }
+    }
+    snprintf(out, n, "%s", in);
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------- wlr-layer-shell glue */
+/* Vendored equivalent of what wayland-scanner emits for
+ * wlr-layer-shell-unstable-v1.xml (Copyright (c) 2017 Drew DeVault, MIT-ish;
+ * see the protocol file for the full notice). Only the requests and events
+ * swbr actually uses are wrapped; get_popup is present in the table so the
+ * opcodes line up, but is never called, hence its NULL type entry. */
+
+enum zwlr_layer_shell_v1_layer {
+    ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_BACKGROUND = 0,
+    ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_BOTTOM     = 1,
+    ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_TOP        = 2,
+    ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_OVERLAY    = 3
+};
+enum zwlr_layer_surface_v1_anchor {
+    ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_ANCHOR_TOP    = 1,
+    ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_ANCHOR_BOTTOM = 2,
+    ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_ANCHOR_LEFT   = 4,
+    ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_ANCHOR_RIGHT  = 8
+};
+enum zwlr_layer_surface_v1_keyboard_interactivity {
+    ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVITY_NONE      = 0,
+    ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVITY_EXCLUSIVE = 1,
+    ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVITY_ON_DEMAND = 2
+};
+
+struct zwlr_layer_shell_v1;
+struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1;
+
+extern const struct wl_interface zwlr_layer_surface_v1_interface;
+
+static const struct wl_interface *swbr_ls_types[] = {
+    NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+    &zwlr_layer_surface_v1_interface,
+    &wl_surface_interface,
+    &wl_output_interface,
+    NULL, NULL, NULL,
+};
+
+static const struct wl_message zwlr_layer_shell_v1_requests[] = {
+    { "get_layer_surface", "no?ous", swbr_ls_types + 4 },
+    { "destroy", "3", swbr_ls_types + 0 },
+};
+static const struct wl_interface zwlr_layer_shell_v1_interface = {
+    "zwlr_layer_shell_v1", 4, 2, zwlr_layer_shell_v1_requests, 0, NULL,
+};
+
+static const struct wl_message zwlr_layer_surface_v1_requests[] = {
+    { "set_size", "uu", swbr_ls_types + 0 },
+    { "set_anchor", "u", swbr_ls_types + 0 },
+    { "set_exclusive_zone", "i", swbr_ls_types + 0 },
+    { "set_margin", "iiii", swbr_ls_types + 0 },
+    { "set_keyboard_interactivity", "u", swbr_ls_types + 0 },
+    { "get_popup", "o", swbr_ls_types + 9 },
+    { "ack_configure", "u", swbr_ls_types + 0 },
+    { "destroy", "", swbr_ls_types + 0 },
+    { "set_layer", "2u", swbr_ls_types + 0 },
+};
+static const struct wl_message zwlr_layer_surface_v1_events[] = {
+    { "configure", "uuu", swbr_ls_types + 0 },
+    { "closed", "", swbr_ls_types + 0 },
+};
+const struct wl_interface zwlr_layer_surface_v1_interface = {
+    "zwlr_layer_surface_v1", 4, 9, zwlr_layer_surface_v1_requests,
+    2, zwlr_layer_surface_v1_events,
+};
+
+struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1_listener {
+    void (*configure)(void *data, struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s,
+                      uint32_t serial, uint32_t width, uint32_t height);
+    void (*closed)(void *data, struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s);
+};
+
+#define LS_REQ_SET_SIZE        0
+#define LS_REQ_SET_ANCHOR      1
+#define LS_REQ_SET_EXCLUSIVE   2
+#define LS_REQ_SET_MARGIN      3
+#define LS_REQ_SET_KBD         4
+#define LS_REQ_ACK_CONFIGURE   6
+#define LS_REQ_DESTROY         7
+
+static struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *
+zwlr_layer_shell_v1_get_layer_surface(struct zwlr_layer_shell_v1 *shell,
+                                      struct wl_surface *surface,
+                                      struct wl_output *output,
+                                      uint32_t layer, const char *ns)
+{
+    struct wl_proxy *id = wl_proxy_marshal_flags(
+        (struct wl_proxy *)shell, 0, &zwlr_layer_surface_v1_interface,
+        wl_proxy_get_version((struct wl_proxy *)shell), 0,
+        NULL, surface, output, layer, ns);
+    return (struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *)id;
+}
+
+static int zwlr_layer_surface_v1_add_listener(struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s,
+                                              const struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1_listener *l,
+                                              void *data)
+{
+    return wl_proxy_add_listener((struct wl_proxy *)s, (void (**)(void))l, data);
+}
+
+static void ls_set_size(struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s, uint32_t w, uint32_t h)
+{ wl_proxy_marshal_flags((struct wl_proxy *)s, LS_REQ_SET_SIZE, NULL,
+                         wl_proxy_get_version((struct wl_proxy *)s), 0, w, h); }
+static void ls_set_anchor(struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s, uint32_t a)
+{ wl_proxy_marshal_flags((struct wl_proxy *)s, LS_REQ_SET_ANCHOR, NULL,
+                         wl_proxy_get_version((struct wl_proxy *)s), 0, a); }
+static void ls_set_exclusive_zone(struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s, int32_t z)
+{ wl_proxy_marshal_flags((struct wl_proxy *)s, LS_REQ_SET_EXCLUSIVE, NULL,
+                         wl_proxy_get_version((struct wl_proxy *)s), 0, z); }
+static void ls_set_margin(struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s, int32_t t, int32_t r,
+                          int32_t b, int32_t l)
+{ wl_proxy_marshal_flags((struct wl_proxy *)s, LS_REQ_SET_MARGIN, NULL,
+                         wl_proxy_get_version((struct wl_proxy *)s), 0, t, r, b, l); }
+static void ls_set_keyboard(struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s, uint32_t k)
+{ wl_proxy_marshal_flags((struct wl_proxy *)s, LS_REQ_SET_KBD, NULL,
+                         wl_proxy_get_version((struct wl_proxy *)s), 0, k); }
+static void ls_ack_configure(struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s, uint32_t serial)
+{ wl_proxy_marshal_flags((struct wl_proxy *)s, LS_REQ_ACK_CONFIGURE, NULL,
+                         wl_proxy_get_version((struct wl_proxy *)s), 0, serial); }
+static void ls_destroy(struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s)
+{ wl_proxy_marshal_flags((struct wl_proxy *)s, LS_REQ_DESTROY, NULL,
+                         wl_proxy_get_version((struct wl_proxy *)s),
+                         WL_MARSHAL_FLAG_DESTROY); }
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ json */
+
+typedef enum { J_NULL, J_BOOL, J_NUM, J_STR, J_ARR, J_OBJ } JType;
+
+typedef struct JV {
+    JType type;
+    bool b;
+    double num;
+    char *str;
+    struct JV **items;
+    char **keys;
+    int count, cap;
+} JV;
+
+static JV *jnew(JType t)
+{
+    JV *v = (JV *)xmalloc(sizeof(JV));
+    memset(v, 0, sizeof(*v));
+    v->type = t;
+    return v;
+}
+
+static void jfree(JV *v)
+{
+    if (!v) return;
+    for (int i = 0; i < v->count; ++i) {
+        if (v->keys) free(v->keys[i]);
+        jfree(v->items[i]);
+    }
+    free(v->items);
+    free(v->keys);
+    free(v->str);
+    free(v);
+}
+
+static void jpush(JV *v, char *key, JV *child)
+{
+    if (v->count == v->cap) {
+        v->cap = v->cap ? v->cap * 2 : 8;
+        v->items = (JV **)xrealloc(v->items, (size_t)v->cap * sizeof(JV *));
+        v->keys  = (char **)xrealloc(v->keys, (size_t)v->cap * sizeof(char *));
+    }
+    v->keys[v->count] = key;
+    v->items[v->count++] = child;
+}
+
+static const char *jskip_ws(const char *p)
+{
+    while (*p && (unsigned char)*p <= ' ') p++;
+    return p;
+}
+
+static void utf8_append(char **s, int *len, int *cap, unsigned cp)
+{
+    char tmp[4];
+    int n = 0;
+    if (cp < 0x80) { tmp[n++] = (char)cp; }
+    else if (cp < 0x800) { tmp[n++] = (char)(0xC0 | (cp >> 6)); tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | (cp & 0x3F)); }
+    else if (cp < 0x10000) {
+        tmp[n++] = (char)(0xE0 | (cp >> 12));
+        tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | ((cp >> 6) & 0x3F));
+        tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | (cp & 0x3F));
+    } else {
+        tmp[n++] = (char)(0xF0 | (cp >> 18));
+        tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | ((cp >> 12) & 0x3F));
+        tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | ((cp >> 6) & 0x3F));
+        tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | (cp & 0x3F));
+    }
+    while (*len + n + 1 > *cap) { *cap *= 2; *s = (char *)xrealloc(*s, (size_t)*cap); }
+    memcpy(*s + *len, tmp, (size_t)n);
+    *len += n;
+    (*s)[*len] = 0;
+}
+
+static const char *jparse_string(const char *p, char **out)
+{
+    p++;                                  /* opening quote */
+    int cap = 32, len = 0;
+    char *s = (char *)xmalloc((size_t)cap);
+    s[0] = 0;
+    while (*p && *p != '"') {
+        if (*p == '\\') {
+            p++;
+            unsigned cp;
+            switch (*p++) {
+            case 'n': cp = '\n'; break;
+            case 't': cp = '\t'; break;
+            case 'r': cp = '\r'; break;
+            case 'b': cp = '\b'; break;
+            case 'f': cp = '\f'; break;
+            case '/': cp = '/';  break;
+            case '\\': cp = '\\'; break;
+            case '"': cp = '"';  break;
+            case 'u': {
+                unsigned v = 0;
+                for (int i = 0; i < 4 && isxdigit((unsigned char)*p); ++i) {
+                    char c = *p++;
+                    v = v * 16 + (unsigned)(isdigit((unsigned char)c) ? c - '0'
+                                            : (tolower(c) - 'a' + 10));
+                }
+                cp = v;
+                if (cp >= 0xD800 && cp <= 0xDBFF && p[0] == '\\' && p[1] == 'u') {
+                    p += 2;
+                    unsigned lo = 0;
+                    for (int i = 0; i < 4 && isxdigit((unsigned char)*p); ++i) {
+                        char c = *p++;
+                        lo = lo * 16 + (unsigned)(isdigit((unsigned char)c) ? c - '0'
+                                                  : (tolower(c) - 'a' + 10));
+                    }
+                    cp = 0x10000 + ((cp - 0xD800) << 10) + (lo - 0xDC00);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                if (!p[-1]) { free(s); *out = NULL; return NULL; }
+                cp = (unsigned char)p[-1];
+                break;
+            }
+            utf8_append(&s, &len, &cap, cp);
+        } else {
+            if (len + 2 > cap) { cap *= 2; s = (char *)xrealloc(s, (size_t)cap); }
+            s[len++] = *p++;
+            s[len] = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    if (*p != '"') { free(s); *out = NULL; return NULL; }
+    *out = s;
+    return p + 1;
+}
+
+static const char *jparse_value(const char *p, JV **out);
+
+static const char *jparse_container(const char *p, JV **out, bool is_obj)
+{
+    JV *v = jnew(is_obj ? J_OBJ : J_ARR);
+    p = jskip_ws(p + 1);
+    char close = is_obj ? '}' : ']';
+    if (*p == close) { *out = v; return p + 1; }
+
+    for (;;) {
+        char *key = NULL;
+        if (is_obj) {
+            p = jskip_ws(p);
+            if (*p != '"') { jfree(v); return NULL; }
+            p = jparse_string(p, &key);
+            if (!p) { jfree(v); return NULL; }
+            p = jskip_ws(p);
+            if (*p != ':') { free(key); jfree(v); return NULL; }
+            p++;
+        }
+        JV *child = NULL;
+        p = jparse_value(jskip_ws(p), &child);
+        if (!p) { free(key); jfree(v); return NULL; }
+        jpush(v, key, child);
+
+        p = jskip_ws(p);
+        if (*p == ',') { p++; continue; }
+        if (*p == close) { p++; break; }
+        jfree(v);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    *out = v;
+    return p;
+}
+
+static const char *jparse_value(const char *p, JV **out)
+{
+    p = jskip_ws(p);
+    switch (*p) {
+    case '{': return jparse_container(p, out, true);
+    case '[': return jparse_container(p, out, false);
+    case '"': {
+        JV *v = jnew(J_STR);
+        p = jparse_string(p, &v->str);
+        if (!p) { jfree(v); return NULL; }
+        *out = v;
+        return p;
+    }
+    case 't':
+        if (strncmp(p, "true", 4)) return NULL;
+        *out = jnew(J_BOOL); (*out)->b = true; return p + 4;
+    case 'f':
+        if (strncmp(p, "false", 5)) return NULL;
+        *out = jnew(J_BOOL); (*out)->b = false; return p + 5;
+    case 'n':
+        if (strncmp(p, "null", 4)) return NULL;
+        *out = jnew(J_NULL); return p + 4;
+    default: {
+        char *end = NULL;
+        double d = strtod(p, &end);
+        if (end == p) return NULL;
+        JV *v = jnew(J_NUM);
+        v->num = d;
+        *out = v;
+        return end;
+    }
+    }
+}
+
+static JV *jparse(const char *text)
+{
+    JV *v = NULL;
+    const char *p = jparse_value(text, &v);
+    if (!p) { jfree(v); return NULL; }
+    return v;
+}
+
+static JV *jget(const JV *o, const char *key)
+{
+    if (!o || o->type != J_OBJ) return NULL;
+    for (int i = 0; i < o->count; ++i)
+        if (o->keys[i] && strcmp(o->keys[i], key) == 0) return o->items[i];
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static const char *jstr(const JV *o, const char *key, const char *def)
+{
+    JV *v = jget(o, key);
+    return (v && v->type == J_STR) ? v->str : def;
+}
+
+static int jint(const JV *o, const char *key, int def)
+{
+    JV *v = jget(o, key);
+    return (v && v->type == J_NUM) ? (int)v->num : def;
+}
+
+static bool jbool(const JV *o, const char *key, bool def)
+{
+    JV *v = jget(o, key);
+    return (v && v->type == J_BOOL) ? v->b : def;
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------- sway ipc */
+
+enum {
+    IPC_RUN_COMMAND    = 0,
+    IPC_GET_WORKSPACES = 1,
+    IPC_SUBSCRIBE      = 2,
+    IPC_GET_OUTPUTS    = 3
+};
+
+static int sway_fd = -1;      /* request socket */
+static int sway_evt_fd = -1;  /* event socket   */
+
+static int sway_connect(void)
+{
+    const char *path = getenv("SWAYSOCK");
+    if (!path || !*path) path = getenv("I3SOCK");
+    if (!path || !*path) return -1;
+
+    int fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
+    if (fd < 0) return -1;
+
+    struct sockaddr_un addr;
+    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
+    addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
+    str_set(addr.sun_path, sizeof(addr.sun_path), path);
+    if (connect(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
+        close(fd);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return fd;
+}
+
+static bool write_all(int fd, const void *buf, size_t n)
+{
+    const char *p = (const char *)buf;
+    while (n) {
+        ssize_t w = write(fd, p, n);
+        if (w < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; return false; }
+        p += w;
+        n -= (size_t)w;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool read_all(int fd, void *buf, size_t n)
+{
+    char *p = (char *)buf;
+    while (n) {
+        ssize_t r = read(fd, p, n);
+        if (r < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; return false; }
+        if (r == 0) return false;
+        p += r;
+        n -= (size_t)r;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+/* Returns a malloc'ed, NUL-terminated payload (caller frees), or NULL. */
+static char *sway_request(uint32_t type, const char *payload)
+{
+    if (sway_fd < 0) return NULL;
+
+    size_t plen = payload ? strlen(payload) : 0;
+    char hdr[14];
+    memcpy(hdr, "i3-ipc", 6);
+    uint32_t l = (uint32_t)plen, t = type;
+    memcpy(hdr + 6, &l, 4);
+    memcpy(hdr + 10, &t, 4);
+
+    if (!write_all(sway_fd, hdr, sizeof(hdr))) return NULL;
+    if (plen && !write_all(sway_fd, payload, plen)) return NULL;
+
+    char rhdr[14];
+    if (!read_all(sway_fd, rhdr, sizeof(rhdr))) return NULL;
+    if (memcmp(rhdr, "i3-ipc", 6) != 0) return NULL;
+
+    uint32_t rlen = 0;
+    memcpy(&rlen, rhdr + 6, 4);
+    if (rlen > (64u << 20)) return NULL;
+
+    char *body = (char *)xmalloc(rlen + 1);
+    if (rlen && !read_all(sway_fd, body, rlen)) { free(body); return NULL; }
+    body[rlen] = 0;
+    return body;
+}
+
+static JV *sway_query(uint32_t type)
+{
+    char *body = sway_request(type, NULL);
+    if (!body) return NULL;
+    JV *v = jparse(body);
+    free(body);
+    return v;
+}
+
+static bool sway_cmd(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    int n = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    if (n < 0) return false;
+
+    char *cmd = (char *)xmalloc((size_t)n + 1);
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    vsnprintf(cmd, (size_t)n + 1, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+
+    char *reply = sway_request(IPC_RUN_COMMAND, cmd);
+    free(cmd);
+    if (!reply) return false;
+
+    bool ok = true;
+    JV *v = jparse(reply);
+    if (v && v->type == J_ARR)
+        for (int i = 0; i < v->count; ++i)
+            if (!jbool(v->items[i], "success", true)) ok = false;
+    jfree(v);
+    free(reply);
+    return ok;
+}
+
+/* A second socket carries workspace/mode events, so the bar repaints when
+ * sway says something changed instead of polling the tree. */
+static bool sway_subscribe_events(void)
+{
+    sway_evt_fd = sway_connect();
+    if (sway_evt_fd < 0) return false;
+
+    const char *payload = "[\"workspace\",\"mode\"]";
+    char hdr[14];
+    memcpy(hdr, "i3-ipc", 6);
+    uint32_t l = (uint32_t)strlen(payload), t = IPC_SUBSCRIBE;
+    memcpy(hdr + 6, &l, 4);
+    memcpy(hdr + 10, &t, 4);
+
+    if (!write_all(sway_evt_fd, hdr, sizeof(hdr)) ||
+        !write_all(sway_evt_fd, payload, l)) {
+        close(sway_evt_fd);
+        sway_evt_fd = -1;
+        return false;
+    }
+    char rhdr[14];
+    uint32_t rlen = 0;
+    if (!read_all(sway_evt_fd, rhdr, sizeof(rhdr))) {
+        close(sway_evt_fd); sway_evt_fd = -1; return false;
+    }
+    memcpy(&rlen, rhdr + 6, 4);
+    if (rlen && rlen < (1u << 20)) {
+        char *body = (char *)xmalloc(rlen + 1);
+        read_all(sway_evt_fd, body, rlen);
+        free(body);
+    }
+    int flags = fcntl(sway_evt_fd, F_GETFL, 0);
+    if (flags >= 0) fcntl(sway_evt_fd, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK);
+    return true;
+}
+
+/* true when sway reported at least one change since the last call. The mode
+ * name is picked out of "mode" events on the way past. */
+static char sway_mode[128] = "default";
+
+static bool sway_events_pending(void)
+{
+    if (sway_evt_fd < 0) return false;
+    bool any = false;
+
+    for (;;) {
+        char hdr[14];
+        ssize_t r = recv(sway_evt_fd, hdr, sizeof(hdr), MSG_DONTWAIT);
+        if (r <= 0) break;
+        if ((size_t)r < sizeof(hdr) &&
+            !read_all(sway_evt_fd, hdr + r, sizeof(hdr) - (size_t)r)) break;
+
+        uint32_t rlen = 0, rtype = 0;
+        memcpy(&rlen, hdr + 6, 4);
+        memcpy(&rtype, hdr + 10, 4);
+        if (rlen > (16u << 20)) break;
+
+        char *body = (char *)xmalloc(rlen + 1);
+        if (rlen && !read_all(sway_evt_fd, body, rlen)) { free(body); break; }
+        body[rlen] = 0;
+
+        /* 0x80000002 = mode, 0x80000000 = workspace */
+        if (rtype == 0x80000002u) {
+            JV *v = jparse(body);
+            if (v) str_set(sway_mode, sizeof(sway_mode), jstr(v, "change", "default"));
+            jfree(v);
+        }
+        free(body);
+        any = true;
+    }
+    return any;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------- workspaces */
+
+typedef struct {
+    int  num;
+    char name[128];      /* full name, e.g. "3:web" */
+    char label[128];     /* what we draw: number only, or the full name */
+    char output[64];
+    bool focused, visible, urgent;
+} Ws;
+
+static Ws  ws_list[MAX_WORKSPACES];
+static int ws_count = 0;
+
+/* "3:web" -> "3" ; a name without a leading number keeps the name */
+static void ws_make_label(Ws *w, bool full_names)
+{
+    if (full_names) { str_set(w->label, sizeof(w->label), w->name); return; }
+    const char *colon = strchr(w->name, ':');
+    if (colon && colon != w->name) {
+        size_t n = (size_t)(colon - w->name);
+        if (n >= sizeof(w->label)) n = sizeof(w->label) - 1;
+        memcpy(w->label, w->name, n);
+        w->label[n] = 0;
+        return;
+    }
+    if (w->num >= 0) snprintf(w->label, sizeof(w->label), "%d", w->num);
+    else             str_set(w->label, sizeof(w->label), w->name);
+}
+
+static void ws_reload(bool full_names)
+{
+    JV *r = sway_query(IPC_GET_WORKSPACES);
+    if (!r || r->type != J_ARR) { jfree(r); return; }
+
+    ws_count = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < r->count && ws_count < MAX_WORKSPACES; ++i) {
+        JV *o = r->items[i];
+        Ws *w = &ws_list[ws_count++];
+        memset(w, 0, sizeof(*w));
+        w->num = jint(o, "num", -1);
+        str_set(w->name, sizeof(w->name), jstr(o, "name", "?"));
+        str_set(w->output, sizeof(w->output), jstr(o, "output", ""));
+        w->focused = jbool(o, "focused", false);
+        w->visible = jbool(o, "visible", false);
+        w->urgent  = jbool(o, "urgent", false);
+        ws_make_label(w, full_names);
+    }
+    jfree(r);
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- config */
+
+/* A cell is one command whose output is drawn on the right hand side.
+ * Declared with `cell=NAME`, configured with `NAME.field=value`. */
+typedef struct {
+    char  name[32];
+    char  cmd[2048];
+    int   interval;              /* seconds; 0 = run once; -1 = keep streaming */
+    char  fmt[128];              /* %s is replaced by the output */
+    char  empty[128];            /* drawn when the command prints nothing */
+    int   gap;                   /* -1 = cell_gap */
+    int   pad;                   /* inner padding, left and right */
+    int   slim;                  /* how it shows in the folded strip */
+    float slim_min, slim_max;    /* value range a gauge maps, default 0..100 */
+    int   slim_w;                /* custom width in the folded strip */
+    Col   slim_color;            /* overrides the colour on the strip */
+    bool  has_slim_color;
+    Col   color, bg;
+    bool  has_color, has_bg;
+    Col   warn_col, crit_col;
+    float warn_th, crit_th;
+    int   warn_dir, crit_dir;    /* +1 = at or above, -1 = at or below */
+    bool  has_warn, has_crit;
+    int   min_w, max_w;
+    char  align[8];
+    int   sep, hide_empty, markup;
+    char  pos[8];                /* which group: left | center | right */
+    int   scroll;                /* too long -> ".." , and scroll while hovered */
+    float scroll_px;
+    uint32_t scroll_t;
+    char  bind[MAX_BINDS][256];
+
+    /* runtime */
+    pid_t pid;
+    int   fd;
+    char  out[1024];             /* the last complete output */
+    char  buf[2048];
+    size_t len;
+    uint32_t next_run;
+} Cell;
+
+typedef struct {
+    /* placement */
+    char layer[16], position[16];
+    int  height, exclusive, margin, side_margin, min_width;
+    char align_x[8];
+    float radius;
+    char outputs[512];
+
+    /* workspaces */
+    int  ws_names, ws_pad, ws_gap, ws_min_w, ws_click, scroll_workspace, ws_inset;
+    float ws_radius;
+    int  mode_show;
+
+    /* text */
+    char font[PATH_MAX], font_alt[PATH_MAX];
+    float ui_scale, text_px, ws_px, text_y;
+    int  pad_x, pad_right, markup;
+    int  scroll_speed, scroll_pause;
+    char layout[1024];
+
+    /* status */
+    char status_command[4096];
+    int  interval;
+    Cell cell[MAX_CELLS];
+    int  cell_count;
+    char msg_fifo[PATH_MAX], msg_target[32];
+    int  msg_timeout, msg_flash;
+    Col  msg_info, msg_warn, msg_error;
+    int  cell_gap, cell_inset, slim_ws_slots;
+    float cell_radius;
+    char separator[16];
+    Col  separator_color;
+
+    /* collapse */
+    char hide_key[32];
+    int  hide_keycode, hover_keys, collapsed_px, anim_ms, signals, start_collapsed;
+
+    /* mouse bindings, index = button number (1..9) */
+    char bind[MAX_BINDS][512];
+
+    /* colors */
+    Col bg, text, dim, accent, hl, urgent, outline, running;
+    Col ws_bg, ws_fg, ws_focused_bg, ws_focused_fg;
+    Col ws_visible_bg, ws_visible_fg, ws_urgent_bg, ws_urgent_fg;
+    Col mode_bg, mode_fg;
+} Config;
+
+static void config_defaults(Config *c)
+{
+    memset(c, 0, sizeof(*c));
+    str_set(c->layer, sizeof(c->layer), "top");
+    str_set(c->position, sizeof(c->position), "top");
+    c->height = 0;                 /* 0 = derive from the font size */
+    c->exclusive = 0;
+    c->margin = 0;
+    c->side_margin = 0;
+    c->min_width = 800;
+    str_set(c->align_x, sizeof(c->align_x), "center");
+    c->radius = 10.0f;
+
+    c->ws_names = 0;
+    c->ws_pad = 11;
+    c->ws_gap = 4;
+    c->ws_inset = 0;
+    c->ws_min_w = 0;
+    c->ws_click = 1;
+    c->scroll_workspace = 0;
+    c->ws_radius = 0.0f;           /* square: the button spans the full height */
+    c->mode_show = 1;
+
+    c->ui_scale = 1.0f;
+    c->text_px = 19.0f;
+    c->ws_px = 19.0f;
+    c->text_y = -2.0f;
+    c->pad_x = 12;
+    c->pad_right = 20;
+    c->scroll_speed = 45;
+    c->scroll_pause = 900;
+    c->markup = 1;
+
+    c->interval = 1;
+    c->cell_gap = 14;
+    c->cell_inset = 3;
+    c->slim_ws_slots = 10;
+    c->cell_radius = 5.0f;
+    c->msg_timeout = 8;
+    c->msg_flash = 1;
+    c->msg_info  = (Col){ 0x89, 0xaf, 0xc4, 0xff };
+    c->msg_warn  = (Col){ 0xcb, 0x9b, 0x00, 0xff };
+    c->msg_error = (Col){ 0xe0, 0x53, 0x3c, 0xff };
+    str_set(c->separator, sizeof(c->separator), "");
+    c->separator_color = (Col){ 0x5a, 0x6b, 0x7a, 0xff };
+
+    str_set(c->hide_key, sizeof(c->hide_key), "space");
+    c->hide_keycode = 0;
+    c->hover_keys = 1;
+    c->collapsed_px = 5;
+    c->anim_ms = 120;
+    c->signals = 1;
+    c->start_collapsed = 0;
+
+    c->bg            = (Col){ 0x26, 0x31, 0x3f, 0xe6 };
+    c->text          = (Col){ 0xe8, 0xe8, 0xe8, 0xff };
+    c->dim           = (Col){ 0x5a, 0x6b, 0x7a, 0xff };
+    c->accent        = (Col){ 0x89, 0xaf, 0xc4, 0xff };
+    c->hl            = (Col){ 0xcb, 0x9b, 0x00, 0xff };
+    c->urgent        = (Col){ 0xe0, 0x53, 0x3c, 0xff };
+    c->running       = (Col){ 0x2f, 0xbf, 0x71, 0xff };
+    c->outline       = (Col){ 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x14, 0x99 };
+    c->ws_bg         = (Col){ 0x1e, 0x27, 0x33, 0x00 };
+    c->ws_fg         = (Col){ 0xb3, 0xc0, 0xcd, 0xff };
+    c->ws_focused_bg = (Col){ 0xcb, 0x9b, 0x00, 0xff };
+    c->ws_focused_fg = (Col){ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xff };
+    c->ws_visible_bg = (Col){ 0x3c, 0x4a, 0x5c, 0xff };
+    c->ws_visible_fg = (Col){ 0xe1, 0xee, 0xff, 0xff };
+    c->ws_urgent_bg  = (Col){ 0xe0, 0x53, 0x3c, 0xff };
+    c->ws_urgent_fg  = (Col){ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xff };
+    c->mode_bg       = (Col){ 0xcb, 0x9b, 0x00, 0xff };
+    c->mode_fg       = (Col){ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xff };
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ cells */
+
+static Cell *cell_find(Config *c, const char *name)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < c->cell_count; ++i)
+        if (!strcmp(c->cell[i].name, name)) return &c->cell[i];
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static Cell *cell_add(Config *c, const char *name)
+{
+    Cell *e = cell_find(c, name);
+    if (e) return e;
+    if (c->cell_count >= MAX_CELLS) return NULL;
+    e = &c->cell[c->cell_count++];
+    memset(e, 0, sizeof(*e));
+    str_set(e->name, sizeof(e->name), name);
+    e->interval = 2;
+    e->hide_empty = 1;
+    e->gap = -1;
+    e->slim_min = 0.0f;
+    e->slim_max = 100.0f;
+    e->markup = 1;
+    e->sep = 1;
+    e->fd = -1;
+    e->pid = -1;
+    str_set(e->align, sizeof(e->align), "right");
+    str_set(e->pos, sizeof(e->pos), "right");
+    return e;
+}
+
+/* "70:cecb00" or "<30:ff2222" — direction, threshold, colour */
+static void cell_threshold(const char *v, float *th, int *dir, Col *col, bool *has)
+{
+    *dir = 1;
+    if (*v == '<') { *dir = -1; v++; }
+    else if (*v == '>') { *dir = 1; v++; }
+    *th = (float)atof(v);
+    const char *colon = strchr(v, ':');
+    if (colon) parse_color(colon + 1, col);
+    *has = true;
+}
+
+static void cell_set(Config *c, const char *name, const char *k, const char *v)
+{
+    Cell *e = cell_add(c, name);
+    if (!e) return;
+    if (!strcmp(k, "cmd") || !strcmp(k, "command")) str_set(e->cmd, sizeof(e->cmd), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "interval")) e->interval = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "fmt") || !strcmp(k, "format")) str_set(e->fmt, sizeof(e->fmt), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "empty")) str_set(e->empty, sizeof(e->empty), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "gap")) e->gap = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "pad")) e->pad = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "slim_min")) e->slim_min = (float)atof(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "slim_max")) e->slim_max = (float)atof(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "slim_w")) e->slim_w = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "slim_color")) {
+        e->slim_color.a = 255;
+        parse_color(v, &e->slim_color);
+        e->has_slim_color = true;
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "slim")) {
+        if (!strcasecmp(v, "bar")) e->slim = SLIM_BAR;
+        else if (!strcasecmp(v, "clock")) e->slim = SLIM_CLOCK;
+        else if (!strcasecmp(v, "tick")) e->slim = SLIM_TICK;
+        else if (!strcasecmp(v, "presence") || !strcasecmp(v, "running") ||
+                 !strcasecmp(v, "app")) e->slim = SLIM_PRESENCE;
+        else if (!strcasecmp(v, "off") || !strcmp(v, "0")) e->slim = SLIM_OFF;
+        else e->slim = SLIM_AUTO;
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "color") || !strcmp(k, "fg")) { parse_color(v, &e->color); e->has_color = true; }
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "bg")) { e->bg.a = 255; parse_color(v, &e->bg); e->has_bg = true; }
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "warn")) cell_threshold(v, &e->warn_th, &e->warn_dir, &e->warn_col, &e->has_warn);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "crit")) cell_threshold(v, &e->crit_th, &e->crit_dir, &e->crit_col, &e->has_crit);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "min_w") || !strcmp(k, "width")) e->min_w = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "max_w")) e->max_w = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "align")) str_set(e->align, sizeof(e->align), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "pos") || !strcmp(k, "place")) str_set(e->pos, sizeof(e->pos), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "scroll") || !strcmp(k, "text")) e->scroll = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "sep") || !strcmp(k, "separator")) e->sep = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "hide_empty")) e->hide_empty = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "markup")) e->markup = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strncmp(k, "button", 6) && isdigit((unsigned char)k[6]) && !k[7]) {
+        int b = k[6] - '0';
+        if (b >= 1 && b < MAX_BINDS) str_set(e->bind[b], sizeof(e->bind[b]), v);
+    }
+    else fprintf(stderr, "swbr: unknown cell key '%s.%s'\n", name, k);
+}
+
+static void config_set(Config *c, const char *k, const char *v)
+{
+    const char *dot = strchr(k, '.');
+    if (dot && dot != k) {                       /* NAME.field=value */
+        char name[32];
+        size_t n = (size_t)(dot - k);
+        if (n >= sizeof(name)) n = sizeof(name) - 1;
+        memcpy(name, k, n);
+        name[n] = 0;
+        cell_set(c, name, dot + 1, v);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!strcmp(k, "cell")) { cell_add(c, v); return; }
+    if (!strcmp(k, "cell_gap")) { c->cell_gap = atoi(v); return; }
+    if (!strcmp(k, "cell_inset")) { c->cell_inset = atoi(v); return; }
+    if (!strcmp(k, "slim_ws_slots")) { c->slim_ws_slots = atoi(v); return; }
+    if (!strcmp(k, "cell_radius")) { c->cell_radius = (float)atof(v); return; }
+    if (!strcmp(k, "separator")) { str_set(c->separator, sizeof(c->separator), v); return; }
+    if (!strcmp(k, "separator_color")) { parse_color(v, &c->separator_color); return; }
+
+    if (!strcmp(k, "layer")) str_set(c->layer, sizeof(c->layer), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "position")) str_set(c->position, sizeof(c->position), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "height")) c->height = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "exclusive") || !strcmp(k, "reserve_space")) c->exclusive = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "margin")) c->margin = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "side_margin")) c->side_margin = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "min_width") || !strcmp(k, "width") ||
+             !strcmp(k, "max_width")) c->min_width = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "align_x")) str_set(c->align_x, sizeof(c->align_x), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "radius")) c->radius = (float)atof(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "outputs")) str_set(c->outputs, sizeof(c->outputs), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_names") || !strcmp(k, "workspace_names")) c->ws_names = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_pad")) c->ws_pad = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_gap")) c->ws_gap = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_min_w")) c->ws_min_w = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_inset")) c->ws_inset = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_click")) c->ws_click = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_radius")) c->ws_radius = (float)atof(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "scroll_workspace")) c->scroll_workspace = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "mode_show")) c->mode_show = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "font")) str_set(c->font, sizeof(c->font), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "font_alt")) str_set(c->font_alt, sizeof(c->font_alt), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ui_scale") || !strcmp(k, "font_scale") || !strcmp(k, "text_scale"))
+        c->ui_scale = (float)atof(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "text_px")) c->text_px = (float)atof(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_px")) c->ws_px = (float)atof(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "pad_x")) c->pad_x = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "pad_right")) c->pad_right = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "scroll_speed")) c->scroll_speed = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "scroll_pause")) c->scroll_pause = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "text_y")) c->text_y = (float)atof(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "markup")) c->markup = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "status_command")) str_set(c->status_command, sizeof(c->status_command), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "interval")) c->interval = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "bar") || !strcmp(k, "layout"))
+        str_set(c->layout, sizeof(c->layout), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "msg_fifo")) str_set(c->msg_fifo, sizeof(c->msg_fifo), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "msg_target")) str_set(c->msg_target, sizeof(c->msg_target), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "msg_timeout")) c->msg_timeout = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "msg_flash")) c->msg_flash = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "msg_info")) parse_color(v, &c->msg_info);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "msg_warn")) parse_color(v, &c->msg_warn);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "msg_error")) parse_color(v, &c->msg_error);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "hide_key")) str_set(c->hide_key, sizeof(c->hide_key), v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "hide_keycode")) c->hide_keycode = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "hover_keys")) c->hover_keys = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "collapsed_px")) c->collapsed_px = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "anim_ms")) c->anim_ms = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "signals")) c->signals = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "start_collapsed")) c->start_collapsed = atoi(v);
+    else if (!strncmp(k, "button", 6) && isdigit((unsigned char)k[6]) && !k[7]) {
+        int b = k[6] - '0';
+        if (b >= 1 && b < MAX_BINDS) str_set(c->bind[b], sizeof(c->bind[b]), v);
+    }
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "bg") || !strcmp(k, "background")) parse_color(v, &c->bg);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "text") || !strcmp(k, "statusline")) parse_color(v, &c->text);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "dim")) parse_color(v, &c->dim);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "accent")) parse_color(v, &c->accent);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "hl")) parse_color(v, &c->hl);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "urgent")) parse_color(v, &c->urgent);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "running")) parse_color(v, &c->running);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "outline")) parse_color(v, &c->outline);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_bg")) parse_color(v, &c->ws_bg);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_fg")) parse_color(v, &c->ws_fg);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_focused_bg")) parse_color(v, &c->ws_focused_bg);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_focused_fg")) parse_color(v, &c->ws_focused_fg);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_visible_bg")) parse_color(v, &c->ws_visible_bg);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_visible_fg")) parse_color(v, &c->ws_visible_fg);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_urgent_bg")) parse_color(v, &c->ws_urgent_bg);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "ws_urgent_fg")) parse_color(v, &c->ws_urgent_fg);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "mode_bg")) parse_color(v, &c->mode_bg);
+    else if (!strcmp(k, "mode_fg")) parse_color(v, &c->mode_fg);
+    else fprintf(stderr, "swbr: unknown key '%s'\n", k);
+}
+
+/* Cut a trailing "  # comment" off a value. Quotes are respected, so the
+ * '#' inside  foreground="#19cb00"  or inside a quoted sed script survives.
+ * Only a '#'
+ * that follows whitespace starts a comment, so  fmt=%s#  is safe too. */
+static void strip_comment(char *v)
+{
+    char q = 0;
+    for (char *p = v; *p; ++p) {
+        if (q) { if (*p == q) q = 0; continue; }
+        if (*p == '\'' || *p == '"') { q = *p; continue; }
+        if (*p == '#' && p > v && isspace((unsigned char)p[-1])) { *p = 0; return; }
+    }
+}
+
+/* the shared ~/.config/sw/config, translated into swbr's own keys */
+static void config_set_shared(void *ud, const char *k, const char *v)
+{
+    config_set((Config *)ud, k, v);
+}
+
+static void config_load(Config *c, const char *path)
+{
+    FILE *f = fopen(path, "r");
+    if (!f) { fprintf(stderr, "swbr: no config at %s\n", path); return; }
+    char line[8192];
+    while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
+        char *s = trim(line);
+        if (!*s || *s == '#' || *s == ';') continue;
+        char *eq = strchr(s, '=');
+        if (!eq) continue;
+        *eq = 0;
+        char *v = eq + 1;
+        strip_comment(v);
+        config_set(c, trim(s), trim(v));
+    }
+    fclose(f);
+}
+
+static Config cfg;
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ text */
+/* stb_truetype, rasterised straight into our own ARGB buffer. Glyphs are
+ * cached per size on first use, so any codepoint works — the status line is
+ * full of box drawing characters and symbols. */
+
+typedef struct {
+    unsigned char *data;
+    stbtt_fontinfo info;
+    bool ok;
+} FontFile;
+
+static FontFile font_pri, font_alt;
+
+typedef struct {
+    unsigned cp;                 /* 0 = free slot */
+    int w, h, x0, y0;
+    float adv;
+    unsigned char *bmp;
+} Glyph;
+
+typedef struct {
+    int px;
+    float sc_pri, sc_alt, ascent, lineh;
+    Glyph *tab;
+    int cap, n;
+    bool used;
+} Font;
+
+#define FONT_CACHE 12
+static Font font_cache[FONT_CACHE];
+
+static bool font_file_load(FontFile *ff, const char *path)
+{
+    memset(ff, 0, sizeof(*ff));
+    FILE *f = fopen(path, "rb");
+    if (!f) return false;
+    fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
+    long sz = ftell(f);
+    fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET);
+    if (sz <= 0) { fclose(f); return false; }
+    ff->data = (unsigned char *)xmalloc((size_t)sz);
+    if (fread(ff->data, 1, (size_t)sz, f) != (size_t)sz) {
+        fclose(f); free(ff->data); ff->data = NULL; return false;
+    }
+    fclose(f);
+    if (!stbtt_InitFont(&ff->info, ff->data, stbtt_GetFontOffsetForIndex(ff->data, 0))) {
+        free(ff->data); ff->data = NULL; return false;
+    }
+    ff->ok = true;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool try_font_paths(char *out, size_t n)
+{
+    const char *cand[] = {
+        "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSansMono.ttf",
+        "/usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSansMono.ttf",
+        "/usr/share/fonts/TTF/DejaVuSansMono.ttf",
+        "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf",
+        "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/liberation/LiberationMono-Regular.ttf",
+        "/usr/share/fonts/noto/NotoSansMono-Regular.ttf",
+        "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/freefont/FreeMono.ttf", NULL
+    };
+    for (int i = 0; cand[i]; ++i)
+        if (file_exists(cand[i])) { snprintf(out, n, "%s", cand[i]); return true; }
+    return false;
+}
+
+/* Ask fontconfig (via its fc-match CLI) to resolve a family or pattern to an
+ * actual .ttf path. No library is linked; if fc-match is missing we fall back
+ * to the known paths above. */
+static bool fc_match(const char *pattern, char *out, size_t n)
+{
+    if (!pattern || !*pattern) pattern = "monospace";
+    char safe[256];
+    size_t j = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0; pattern[i] && j < sizeof(safe) - 1; ++i) {
+        char ch = pattern[i];
+        if (ch == '"' || ch == '`' || ch == '$' || ch == '\\' || ch == ';' ||
+            ch == '|' || ch == '&' || ch == '\n' || ch == '\r') continue;
+        safe[j++] = ch;
+    }
+    safe[j] = 0;
+    char cmd[512];
+    snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "fc-match --format=%%{file} \"%s\" 2>/dev/null", safe);
+    FILE *p = popen(cmd, "r");
+    if (!p) return false;
+    char buf[PATH_MAX];
+    size_t r = fread(buf, 1, sizeof(buf) - 1, p);
+    buf[r] = 0;
+    pclose(p);
+    char *s = trim(buf);
+    if (*s && file_exists(s)) { snprintf(out, n, "%s", s); return true; }
+    return false;
+}
+
+static char font_path_used[PATH_MAX];
+static char font_alt_used[PATH_MAX];
+static void fonts_init(void)
+{
+    char path[PATH_MAX] = "";
+    if (*cfg.font) {
+        expand_tilde(cfg.font, path, sizeof(path));
+        if (!file_exists(path)) fc_match(cfg.font, path, sizeof(path));
+    }
+    if (!*path || !file_exists(path)) fc_match("monospace", path, sizeof(path));
+    if (!*path || !file_exists(path)) try_font_paths(path, sizeof(path));
+    if (*path) { font_file_load(&font_pri, path); str_set(font_path_used, PATH_MAX, path); }
+    if (!font_pri.ok) fprintf(stderr, "swbr: no usable font found\n");
+
+    char alt[PATH_MAX] = "";
+    if (*cfg.font_alt) {
+        expand_tilde(cfg.font_alt, alt, sizeof(alt));
+        if (!file_exists(alt)) fc_match(cfg.font_alt, alt, sizeof(alt));
+    } else {
+        /* a symbol font, if the desktop has one — covers glyphs a mono font
+         * usually lacks. Silently skipped when absent. */
+        if (!fc_match("Noto Sans Symbols 2", alt, sizeof(alt)))
+            fc_match("Noto Sans Symbols2", alt, sizeof(alt));
+    }
+    if (*alt && file_exists(alt) && (!*path || strcmp(alt, path))) {
+        font_file_load(&font_alt, alt);
+        str_set(font_alt_used, PATH_MAX, alt);
+    }
+}
+
+static void glyph_tab_init(Font *f, int cap)
+{
+    f->cap = cap;
+    f->n = 0;
+    f->tab = (Glyph *)xmalloc((size_t)cap * sizeof(Glyph));
+    memset(f->tab, 0, (size_t)cap * sizeof(Glyph));
+}
+
+static Glyph *glyph_slot(Font *f, unsigned cp)
+{
+    unsigned h = cp * 2654435761u;
+    for (;;) {
+        unsigned i = h & (unsigned)(f->cap - 1);
+        for (int probe = 0; probe < f->cap; ++probe) {
+            Glyph *g = &f->tab[(i + (unsigned)probe) & (unsigned)(f->cap - 1)];
+            if (g->cp == cp) return g;
+            if (g->cp == 0) return g;
+        }
+        /* full: grow and rehash */
+        Glyph *old = f->tab;
+        int oldcap = f->cap;
+        glyph_tab_init(f, oldcap * 2);
+        for (int k = 0; k < oldcap; ++k) {
+            if (!old[k].cp) continue;
+            Glyph *g = glyph_slot(f, old[k].cp);
+            *g = old[k];
+            f->n++;
+        }
+        free(old);
+    }
+}
+
+static Glyph *glyph_get(Font *f, unsigned cp)
+{
+    Glyph *g = glyph_slot(f, cp);
+    if (g->cp == cp) return g;
+
+    FontFile *ff = &font_pri;
+    float sc = f->sc_pri;
+    int gi = font_pri.ok ? stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(&font_pri.info, (int)cp) : 0;
+    if (!gi && font_alt.ok) {
+        int gi2 = stbtt_FindGlyphIndex(&font_alt.info, (int)cp);
+        if (gi2) { ff = &font_alt; sc = f->sc_alt; gi = gi2; }
+    }
+    memset(g, 0, sizeof(*g));
+    g->cp = cp;
+    f->n++;
+    if (!ff->ok || !gi) {
+        g->adv = (float)f->px * 0.5f;      /* missing: leave a blank */
+        return g;
+    }
+    int aw, lsb;
+    stbtt_GetGlyphHMetrics(&ff->info, gi, &aw, &lsb);
+    g->adv = (float)aw * sc;
+    int x0, y0, x1, y1;
+    stbtt_GetGlyphBitmapBox(&ff->info, gi, sc, sc, &x0, &y0, &x1, &y1);
+    int w = x1 - x0, h = y1 - y0;
+    if (w > 0 && h > 0 && w < 512 && h < 512) {
+        g->bmp = (unsigned char *)xmalloc((size_t)w * (size_t)h);
+        stbtt_MakeGlyphBitmap(&ff->info, g->bmp, w, h, w, sc, sc, gi);
+        g->w = w; g->h = h; g->x0 = x0; g->y0 = y0;
+    }
+    return g;
+}
+
+/* One Font per pixel size (and therefore per output scale). */
+static Font *font_get(int px)
+{
+    if (px < 4) px = 4;
+    for (int i = 0; i < FONT_CACHE; ++i)
+        if (font_cache[i].used && font_cache[i].px == px) return &font_cache[i];
+
+    int slot = -1;
+    for (int i = 0; i < FONT_CACHE; ++i) if (!font_cache[i].used) { slot = i; break; }
+    if (slot < 0) slot = 0;                       /* recycle the first one */
+    Font *f = &font_cache[slot];
+    if (f->used) {
+        for (int k = 0; k < f->cap; ++k) free(f->tab[k].bmp);
+        free(f->tab);
+        memset(f, 0, sizeof(*f));
+    }
+    f->used = true;
+    f->px = px;
+    f->sc_pri = font_pri.ok ? stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(&font_pri.info, (float)px) : 1.0f;
+    f->sc_alt = font_alt.ok ? stbtt_ScaleForPixelHeight(&font_alt.info, (float)px) : 1.0f;
+    int asc = 0, desc = 0, gap = 0;
+    if (font_pri.ok) stbtt_GetFontVMetrics(&font_pri.info, &asc, &desc, &gap);
+    f->ascent = (float)asc * f->sc_pri;
+    f->lineh = (float)(asc - desc) * f->sc_pri;
+    if (f->ascent <= 0) { f->ascent = (float)px * 0.8f; f->lineh = (float)px; }
+    glyph_tab_init(f, 256);
+    return f;
+}
+
+static unsigned utf8_next(const char **p)
+{
+    const unsigned char *s = (const unsigned char *)*p;
+    unsigned cp;
+    int n;
+    if (s[0] < 0x80) { cp = s[0]; n = 1; }
+    else if ((s[0] & 0xE0) == 0xC0) { cp = s[0] & 0x1Fu; n = 2; }
+    else if ((s[0] & 0xF0) == 0xE0) { cp = s[0] & 0x0Fu; n = 3; }
+    else if ((s[0] & 0xF8) == 0xF0) { cp = s[0] & 0x07u; n = 4; }
+    else { *p = (const char *)(s + 1); return 0xFFFD; }
+    for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
+        if ((s[i] & 0xC0) != 0x80) { n = i; break; }
+        cp = (cp << 6) | (s[i] & 0x3Fu);
+    }
+    *p = (const char *)(s + n);
+    return cp;
+}
+
+static float text_width(Font *f, const char *s)
+{
+    float w = 0;
+    const char *p = s;
+    while (*p) {
+        unsigned cp = utf8_next(&p);
+        if (cp == 0xFE0F || cp == 0x200D) continue;   /* variation selectors */
+        w += glyph_get(f, cp)->adv;
+    }
+    return w;
+}
+
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------- paint */
+/* ARGB8888, premultiplied — that is what wl_shm wants. */
+
+typedef struct {
+    uint32_t *px;
+    int w, h;
+    int cx0, cy0, cx1, cy1;      /* clip rectangle */
+} Canvas;
+
+static void canvas_clip(Canvas *cv, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1)
+{
+    cv->cx0 = clampi(x0, 0, cv->w);
+    cv->cy0 = clampi(y0, 0, cv->h);
+    cv->cx1 = clampi(x1, 0, cv->w);
+    cv->cy1 = clampi(y1, 0, cv->h);
+}
+
+static void canvas_clip_all(Canvas *cv) { canvas_clip(cv, 0, 0, cv->w, cv->h); }
+
+static inline void blend(Canvas *cv, int x, int y, Col c, float cov)
+{
+    if (x < cv->cx0 || x >= cv->cx1 || y < cv->cy0 || y >= cv->cy1) return;
+    float a = (float)c.a / 255.0f * cov;
+    if (a <= 0.0f) return;
+    uint32_t d = cv->px[y * cv->w + x];
+    float da = (float)((d >> 24) & 0xff) / 255.0f;
+    float dr = (float)((d >> 16) & 0xff) / 255.0f;
+    float dg = (float)((d >> 8) & 0xff) / 255.0f;
+    float db = (float)(d & 0xff) / 255.0f;
+    float sr = (float)c.r / 255.0f * a;
+    float sg = (float)c.g / 255.0f * a;
+    float sb = (float)c.b / 255.0f * a;
+    float ia = 1.0f - a;
+    float orr = sr + dr * ia, og = sg + dg * ia, ob = sb + db * ia, oa = a + da * ia;
+    cv->px[y * cv->w + x] =
+        ((uint32_t)(orr * 255.0f + 0.5f) << 16) |
+        ((uint32_t)(og  * 255.0f + 0.5f) << 8)  |
+        ((uint32_t)(ob  * 255.0f + 0.5f))       |
+        ((uint32_t)(oa  * 255.0f + 0.5f) << 24);
+}
+
+static void fill_rect(Canvas *cv, float x, float y, float w, float h, Col c)
+{
+    if (w <= 0 || h <= 0 || !c.a) return;
+    int x0 = (int)floorf(x), y0 = (int)floorf(y);
+    int x1 = (int)ceilf(x + w), y1 = (int)ceilf(y + h);
+    for (int yy = y0; yy < y1; ++yy)
+        for (int xx = x0; xx < x1; ++xx) {
+            float cxs = clampf(x + w, (float)xx, (float)xx + 1) - clampf(x, (float)xx, (float)xx + 1);
+            float cys = clampf(y + h, (float)yy, (float)yy + 1) - clampf(y, (float)yy, (float)yy + 1);
+            blend(cv, xx, yy, c, cxs * cys);
+        }
+}
+
+/* Rounded box with a radius per corner (tl, tr, br, bl), anti-aliased through
+ * the usual signed distance trick. A corner radius of 0 is a square corner —
+ * that is how the bar stays flush with the screen edge. */
+static void fill_round(Canvas *cv, float x, float y, float w, float h,
+                       float rtl, float rtr, float rbr, float rbl, Col c)
+{
+    if (w <= 0 || h <= 0 || !c.a) return;
+    float hw = w * 0.5f, hh = h * 0.5f;
+    float ccx = x + hw, ccy = y + hh;
+    float cap = fminf(hw, hh);
+    rtl = clampf(rtl, 0, cap); rtr = clampf(rtr, 0, cap);
+    rbr = clampf(rbr, 0, cap); rbl = clampf(rbl, 0, cap);
+
+    int x0 = (int)floorf(x) - 1, y0 = (int)floorf(y) - 1;
+    int x1 = (int)ceilf(x + w) + 1, y1 = (int)ceilf(y + h) + 1;
+    for (int yy = y0; yy < y1; ++yy) {
+        if (yy < cv->cy0 || yy >= cv->cy1) continue;
+        for (int xx = x0; xx < x1; ++xx) {
+            if (xx < cv->cx0 || xx >= cv->cx1) continue;
+            float px = (float)xx + 0.5f - ccx, py = (float)yy + 0.5f - ccy;
+            float r = px < 0 ? (py < 0 ? rtl : rbl) : (py < 0 ? rtr : rbr);
+            float qx = fabsf(px) - (hw - r), qy = fabsf(py) - (hh - r);
+            float mx = fmaxf(qx, 0.0f), my = fmaxf(qy, 0.0f);
+            float d = sqrtf(mx * mx + my * my) + fminf(fmaxf(qx, qy), 0.0f) - r;
+            float cov = clampf(0.5f - d, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+            if (cov > 0) blend(cv, xx, yy, c, cov);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void text_draw(Canvas *cv, Font *f, float x, float baseline, Col c, const char *s)
+{
+    const char *p = s;
+    float pen = x;
+    while (*p) {
+        unsigned cp = utf8_next(&p);
+        if (cp == 0xFE0F || cp == 0x200D) continue;
+        Glyph *g = glyph_get(f, cp);
+        if (g->bmp) {
+            int gx = (int)lroundf(pen) + g->x0;
+            int gy = (int)lroundf(baseline) + g->y0;
+            for (int yy = 0; yy < g->h; ++yy) {
+                int ty = gy + yy;
+                if (ty < cv->cy0 || ty >= cv->cy1) continue;
+                const unsigned char *row = g->bmp + (size_t)yy * (size_t)g->w;
+                for (int xx = 0; xx < g->w; ++xx) {
+                    unsigned char a = row[xx];
+                    if (a) blend(cv, gx + xx, ty, c, (float)a / 255.0f);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        pen += g->adv;
+    }
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- markup */
+/* The subset of pango markup swaybar users actually write:
+ *   <span foreground="#rrggbb" background="#..">..</span>, <b>, <i>, <u>, <tt>
+ *   and the five XML entities. Anything else is passed through as text. */
+
+typedef struct {
+    char text[512];
+    Col  fg, bg;
+    bool has_fg, has_bg;
+} Run;
+
+typedef struct {
+    Run v[MAX_RUNS];
+    int n;
+} Runs;
+
+typedef struct { Col fg, bg; bool has_fg, has_bg; } Style;
+
+static void runs_push(Runs *rs, const char *buf, int len, Style *st)
+{
+    if (len <= 0 || rs->n >= MAX_RUNS) return;
+    Run *r = &rs->v[rs->n++];
+    memset(r, 0, sizeof(*r));
+    if (len > (int)sizeof(r->text) - 1) len = (int)sizeof(r->text) - 1;
+    memcpy(r->text, buf, (size_t)len);
+    r->text[len] = 0;
+    r->fg = st->fg; r->bg = st->bg;
+    r->has_fg = st->has_fg; r->has_bg = st->has_bg;
+}
+
+static void entity_append(char *buf, int *len, int cap, const char *ent, int elen)
+{
+    char tmp[8];
+    const char *out = NULL;
+    if (elen == 3 && !strncmp(ent, "amp", 3)) out = "&";
+    else if (elen == 2 && !strncmp(ent, "lt", 2)) out = "<";
+    else if (elen == 2 && !strncmp(ent, "gt", 2)) out = ">";
+    else if (elen == 4 && !strncmp(ent, "quot", 4)) out = "\"";
+    else if (elen == 4 && !strncmp(ent, "apos", 4)) out = "'";
+    else if (elen > 1 && ent[0] == '#') {
+        bool hex = (ent[1] == 'x' || ent[1] == 'X');
+        unsigned cp = (unsigned)strtoul(ent + (hex ? 2 : 1), NULL, hex ? 16 : 10);
+        int n = 0;
+        if (cp && cp < 0x110000) {
+            if (cp < 0x80) tmp[n++] = (char)cp;
+            else if (cp < 0x800) {
+                tmp[n++] = (char)(0xC0 | (cp >> 6));
+                tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | (cp & 0x3F));
+            } else if (cp < 0x10000) {
+                tmp[n++] = (char)(0xE0 | (cp >> 12));
+                tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | ((cp >> 6) & 0x3F));
+                tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | (cp & 0x3F));
+            } else {
+                tmp[n++] = (char)(0xF0 | (cp >> 18));
+                tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | ((cp >> 12) & 0x3F));
+                tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | ((cp >> 6) & 0x3F));
+                tmp[n++] = (char)(0x80 | (cp & 0x3F));
+            }
+        }
+        tmp[n] = 0;
+        out = tmp;
+    }
+    if (!out) return;
+    int n = (int)strlen(out);
+    if (*len + n < cap) { memcpy(buf + *len, out, (size_t)n); *len += n; }
+}
+
+static void tag_attr(const char *tag, const char *name, char *out, size_t cap)
+{
+    *out = 0;
+    size_t nl = strlen(name);
+    for (const char *p = tag; *p; ++p) {
+        if (strncasecmp(p, name, nl)) continue;
+        const char *q = p + nl;
+        while (*q == ' ') q++;
+        if (*q != '=') continue;
+        q++;
+        while (*q == ' ') q++;
+        char quote = 0;
+        if (*q == '"' || *q == '\'') quote = *q++;
+        size_t j = 0;
+        while (*q && j + 1 < cap && (quote ? *q != quote : (*q != ' ' && *q != '>')))
+            out[j++] = *q++;
+        out[j] = 0;
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+static void markup_parse(const char *s, Runs *rs, Col def_fg)
+{
+    rs->n = 0;
+    Style stack[16];
+    int sp = 0;
+    stack[0] = (Style){ def_fg, def_fg, false, false };
+
+    char buf[512];
+    int len = 0;
+
+    if (!cfg.markup) {
+        Style st = stack[0];
+        runs_push(rs, s, (int)strlen(s), &st);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (const char *p = s; *p; ) {
+        if (*p == '<') {
+            const char *end = strchr(p, '>');
+            if (!end) { if (len < (int)sizeof(buf) - 1) buf[len++] = *p++; continue; }
+            char tag[512];
+            size_t tl = (size_t)(end - p - 1);
+            if (tl >= sizeof(tag)) tl = sizeof(tag) - 1;
+            memcpy(tag, p + 1, tl);
+            tag[tl] = 0;
+            p = end + 1;
+
+            runs_push(rs, buf, len, &stack[sp]);
+            len = 0;
+
+            if (tag[0] == '/') {
+                if (sp > 0) sp--;
+            } else if (!strncasecmp(tag, "span", 4)) {
+                Style st = stack[sp];
+                char val[64];
+                tag_attr(tag, "foreground", val, sizeof(val));
+                if (!*val) tag_attr(tag, "fgcolor", val, sizeof(val));
+                if (!*val) tag_attr(tag, "color", val, sizeof(val));
+                if (*val) { st.fg = def_fg; st.fg.a = 255; parse_color(val, &st.fg); st.has_fg = true; }
+                tag_attr(tag, "background", val, sizeof(val));
+                if (!*val) tag_attr(tag, "bgcolor", val, sizeof(val));
+                if (*val) { st.bg.a = 255; parse_color(val, &st.bg); st.has_bg = true; }
+                if (sp < 15) stack[++sp] = st;
+            } else {
+                if (sp < 15) stack[sp + 1] = stack[sp], sp++;   /* <b>, <i>, .. */
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (*p == '&') {
+            const char *semi = strchr(p, ';');
+            if (semi && semi - p < 12) {
+                entity_append(buf, &len, (int)sizeof(buf), p + 1, (int)(semi - p - 1));
+                p = semi + 1;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        if (len < (int)sizeof(buf) - 1) buf[len++] = *p;
+        p++;
+    }
+    runs_push(rs, buf, len, &stack[sp]);
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- status */
+/* status_command runs under sh. Every line it prints replaces the status
+ * text. If the command exits (a one-shot script), it is started again after
+ * `interval` seconds — so both styles work: a script that loops forever, and
+ * a script that prints once and quits. */
+
+static pid_t   status_pid = -1;
+static int     status_fd = -1;
+static char    status_line[4096] = "";
+static char    status_buf[8192];
+static size_t  status_len = 0;
+static uint32_t status_next_spawn = 0;
+
+static void status_spawn(void)
+{
+    if (!*cfg.status_command) return;
+    int fds[2];
+    if (pipe(fds) < 0) return;
+
+    pid_t pid = fork();
+    if (pid < 0) { close(fds[0]); close(fds[1]); return; }
+    if (pid == 0) {
+        close(fds[0]);
+        dup2(fds[1], STDOUT_FILENO);
+        if (fds[1] != STDOUT_FILENO) close(fds[1]);
+        setsid();
+        signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
+        execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", cfg.status_command, (char *)NULL);
+        _exit(127);
+    }
+    close(fds[1]);
+    int fl = fcntl(fds[0], F_GETFL, 0);
+    if (fl >= 0) fcntl(fds[0], F_SETFL, fl | O_NONBLOCK);
+    status_fd = fds[0];
+    status_pid = pid;
+    status_len = 0;
+}
+
+static void status_stop(void)
+{
+    if (status_pid > 0) { kill(-status_pid, SIGTERM); waitpid(status_pid, NULL, WNOHANG); }
+    if (status_fd >= 0) close(status_fd);
+    status_pid = -1;
+    status_fd = -1;
+}
+
+/* true when a new complete line arrived */
+static bool status_read(void)
+{
+    if (status_fd < 0) return false;
+    bool got = false;
+    for (;;) {
+        ssize_t r = read(status_fd, status_buf + status_len,
+                         sizeof(status_buf) - status_len - 1);
+        if (r < 0) {
+            if (errno == EINTR) continue;
+            break;                                   /* EAGAIN */
+        }
+        if (r == 0) {                                /* child closed stdout */
+            close(status_fd);
+            status_fd = -1;
+            if (status_pid > 0) { waitpid(status_pid, NULL, 0); status_pid = -1; }
+            status_next_spawn = now_ms() + (uint32_t)(cfg.interval > 0 ? cfg.interval * 1000 : 1000);
+            break;
+        }
+        status_len += (size_t)r;
+        status_buf[status_len] = 0;
+
+        char *nl;
+        while ((nl = memchr(status_buf, '\n', status_len)) != NULL) {
+            *nl = 0;
+            str_set(status_line, sizeof(status_line), status_buf);
+            got = true;
+            size_t used = (size_t)(nl - status_buf) + 1;
+            memmove(status_buf, status_buf + used, status_len - used);
+            status_len -= used;
+            status_buf[status_len] = 0;
+        }
+        if (status_len >= sizeof(status_buf) - 1) status_len = 0;   /* runaway line */
+    }
+    return got;
+}
+
+/* run a mouse binding, detached */
+static void run_command(const char *cmd)
+{
+    if (!cmd || !*cmd) return;
+    pid_t pid = fork();
+    if (pid < 0) return;
+    if (pid == 0) {
+        setsid();
+        if (fork() != 0) _exit(0);
+        execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", cmd, (char *)NULL);
+        _exit(127);
+    }
+    waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- layout */
+/* One line decides what sits where:
+ *
+ *     bar={workspaces||cmus,volume,(clock,date)}
+ *
+ * "||" splits groups — one part is left only, two are left and right, three
+ * are left, centre and right. "," separates items. Parentheses glue items
+ * together with no separator between them. Names are cell names plus the two
+ * built-ins, "workspaces" and "mode". Because it assigns position, order and
+ * separators, put this line last in the config. */
+
+enum { IT_CELL, IT_WS, IT_MODE };
+enum { G_LEFT, G_CENTER, G_RIGHT, G_COUNT };
+
+typedef struct { int kind, cell, sep; } Item;
+
+static Item layout_item[G_COUNT][MAX_CELLS + 4];
+static int  layout_n[G_COUNT];
+
+static void layout_push(int g, int kind, int cell, int sep)
+{
+    if (layout_n[g] >= MAX_CELLS + 4) return;
+    Item *it = &layout_item[g][layout_n[g]++];
+    it->kind = kind;
+    it->cell = cell;
+    it->sep = sep;
+}
+
+static void layout_default(void)
+{
+    for (int g = 0; g < G_COUNT; ++g) layout_n[g] = 0;
+    layout_push(G_LEFT, IT_WS, -1, 0);
+    layout_push(G_LEFT, IT_MODE, -1, 0);
+    for (int i = 0; i < cfg.cell_count; ++i) {
+        int g = !strcmp(cfg.cell[i].pos, "left") ? G_LEFT
+              : !strcmp(cfg.cell[i].pos, "center") ? G_CENTER : G_RIGHT;
+        layout_push(g, IT_CELL, i, cfg.cell[i].sep);
+    }
+}
+
+static void layout_name(int g, char *name, bool joined)
+{
+    char *n = trim(name);
+    if (!*n) return;
+    if (!strcasecmp(n, "workspaces") || !strcasecmp(n, "ws")) {
+        layout_push(g, IT_WS, -1, joined ? 0 : 1);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!strcasecmp(n, "mode")) { layout_push(g, IT_MODE, -1, joined ? 0 : 1); return; }
+    for (int i = 0; i < cfg.cell_count; ++i)
+        if (!strcmp(cfg.cell[i].name, n)) {
+            cfg.cell[i].sep = joined ? 0 : 1;
+            layout_push(g, IT_CELL, i, cfg.cell[i].sep);
+            return;
+        }
+    fprintf(stderr, "swbr: bar= names unknown item '%s'\n", n);
+}
+
+static void layout_parse(const char *spec)
+{
+    if (!*spec) { layout_default(); return; }
+    for (int g = 0; g < G_COUNT; ++g) layout_n[g] = 0;
+
+    char buf[1024];
+    str_set(buf, sizeof(buf), spec);
+    char *p = trim(buf);
+    if (*p == '{') p++;
+    char *end = p + strlen(p);
+    while (end > p && (end[-1] == '}' || isspace((unsigned char)end[-1]))) *--end = 0;
+
+    /* split the groups on "||" */
+    char *parts[G_COUNT] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
+    int np = 0;
+    parts[np++] = p;
+    for (char *q = p; *q && np < G_COUNT; ++q)
+        if (q[0] == '|' && q[1] == '|') { *q = 0; parts[np++] = q + 2; }
+
+    int gmap1[1] = { G_LEFT };
+    int gmap2[2] = { G_LEFT, G_RIGHT };
+    int gmap3[3] = { G_LEFT, G_CENTER, G_RIGHT };
+    int *gmap = np == 1 ? gmap1 : (np == 2 ? gmap2 : gmap3);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < np; ++i) {
+        int g = gmap[i];
+        char name[64];
+        int nl = 0;
+        bool joined = false;
+        for (char *q = parts[i]; ; ++q) {
+            if (*q == '(') { joined = true; nl = 0; continue; }
+            if (*q == ',' || *q == ')' || *q == 0) {
+                name[nl < (int)sizeof(name) ? nl : (int)sizeof(name) - 1] = 0;
+                bool last_of_group = (*q == ')');
+                if (nl) layout_name(g, name, joined && !last_of_group);
+                nl = 0;
+                if (*q == ')') joined = false;
+                if (*q == 0) break;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (nl < (int)sizeof(name) - 1) name[nl++] = *q;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- message */
+/* A named pipe the rest of the system can shout into:
+ *     echo "warn: backup is running" > $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/swbr.fifo
+ *     swbr --msg "error: disk full"
+ *     swbr --msg clear
+ * The pipe is opened read-write so it never reports end of file when the
+ * writer goes away. A message can take over a cell (msg_target), which is how
+ * the music title turns into the warning while one is active. */
+
+static char msg_text[512] = "";
+static int  msg_level = 0;                    /* 0 info, 1 warn, 2 error */
+static uint32_t msg_until = 0;                /* 0 = stays until cleared */
+static char msg_path[PATH_MAX] = "";
+static int  msg_fd = -1;
+static char msg_buf[1024];
+static size_t msg_len = 0;
+
+static void msg_resolve_path(void)
+{
+    if (*cfg.msg_fifo) { expand_tilde(cfg.msg_fifo, msg_path, sizeof(msg_path)); return; }
+    const char *rd = getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR");
+    if (rd && *rd) snprintf(msg_path, sizeof(msg_path), "%s/swbr.fifo", rd);
+    else snprintf(msg_path, sizeof(msg_path), "/tmp/swbr-%d.fifo", (int)getuid());
+}
+
+static bool msg_active(void)
+{
+    if (!*msg_text) return false;
+    if (msg_until && (int32_t)(now_ms() - msg_until) >= 0) return false;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static Col msg_color(void)
+{
+    return msg_level >= 2 ? cfg.msg_error : (msg_level == 1 ? cfg.msg_warn : cfg.msg_info);
+}
+
+static void msg_set(const char *line)
+{
+    const char *t = line;
+    int lvl = 0;
+    if (!strncasecmp(t, "error:", 6))        { lvl = 2; t += 6; }
+    else if (!strncasecmp(t, "err:", 4))     { lvl = 2; t += 4; }
+    else if (!strncasecmp(t, "warning:", 8)) { lvl = 1; t += 8; }
+    else if (!strncasecmp(t, "warn:", 5))    { lvl = 1; t += 5; }
+    else if (!strncasecmp(t, "info:", 5))    { lvl = 0; t += 5; }
+    while (*t == ' ' || *t == '\t') t++;
+
+    if (!*t || !strcasecmp(t, "clear") || !strcasecmp(t, "-")) {
+        msg_text[0] = 0;
+        msg_until = 0;
+        return;
+    }
+    str_set(msg_text, sizeof(msg_text), t);
+    msg_level = lvl;
+    msg_until = cfg.msg_timeout > 0 ? now_ms() + (uint32_t)cfg.msg_timeout * 1000u : 0;
+}
+
+static void msg_open(void)
+{
+    msg_resolve_path();
+    struct stat st;
+    if (stat(msg_path, &st) == 0 && !S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode)) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "swbr: %s exists and is not a fifo\n", msg_path);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (mkfifo(msg_path, 0600) < 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "swbr: cannot create %s: %s\n", msg_path, strerror(errno));
+        return;
+    }
+    msg_fd = open(msg_path, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK | O_CLOEXEC);
+}
+
+static bool msg_read(void)
+{
+    if (msg_fd < 0) return false;
+    bool got = false;
+    for (;;) {
+        ssize_t r = read(msg_fd, msg_buf + msg_len, sizeof(msg_buf) - msg_len - 1);
+        if (r < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; break; }
+        if (r == 0) break;
+        msg_len += (size_t)r;
+        msg_buf[msg_len] = 0;
+        char *nl;
+        while ((nl = memchr(msg_buf, '\n', msg_len)) != NULL) {
+            size_t used = (size_t)(nl - msg_buf) + 1;
+            *nl = 0;
+            msg_set(trim(msg_buf));
+            memmove(msg_buf, msg_buf + used, msg_len - used);
+            msg_len -= used;
+            msg_buf[msg_len] = 0;
+            got = true;
+        }
+        if (msg_len >= sizeof(msg_buf) - 1) msg_len = 0;
+    }
+    return got;
+}
+
+/* swbr --msg TEXT : hand the line to the running bar and exit */
+static int msg_send(const char *text)
+{
+    msg_resolve_path();
+    int fd = open(msg_path, O_WRONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "swbr: no bar listening on %s (%s)\n", msg_path, strerror(errno));
+        return 1;
+    }
+    char line[600];
+    snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%s\n", text);
+    ssize_t w = write(fd, line, strlen(line));
+    close(fd);
+    return w > 0 ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------ cell runtime */
+/* Every cell is its own little process on its own schedule. They are read
+ * without blocking, so a slow command never stalls the bar — its old value
+ * just stays on screen until the new one arrives. */
+
+static void cell_spawn(Cell *e)
+{
+    if (!*e->cmd || e->pid > 0) return;
+    int fds[2];
+    if (pipe(fds) < 0) return;
+    pid_t pid = fork();
+    if (pid < 0) { close(fds[0]); close(fds[1]); return; }
+    if (pid == 0) {
+        close(fds[0]);
+        dup2(fds[1], STDOUT_FILENO);
+        if (fds[1] != STDOUT_FILENO) close(fds[1]);
+        setsid();
+        signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
+        execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", e->cmd, (char *)NULL);
+        _exit(127);
+    }
+    close(fds[1]);
+    int fl = fcntl(fds[0], F_GETFL, 0);
+    if (fl >= 0) fcntl(fds[0], F_SETFL, fl | O_NONBLOCK);
+    e->fd = fds[0];
+    e->pid = pid;
+    e->len = 0;
+}
+
+static void cell_finish(Cell *e)
+{
+    e->buf[e->len] = 0;
+    char *t = trim(e->buf);
+    for (char *q = t; *q; ++q) if (*q == '\n' || *q == '\r' || *q == '\t') *q = ' ';
+    str_set(e->out, sizeof(e->out), t);
+    e->len = 0;
+}
+
+/* true when a cell got a new value */
+static bool cells_read(void)
+{
+    bool got = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < cfg.cell_count; ++i) {
+        Cell *e = &cfg.cell[i];
+        if (e->fd < 0) continue;
+        for (;;) {
+            ssize_t r = read(e->fd, e->buf + e->len, sizeof(e->buf) - e->len - 1);
+            if (r < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; break; }
+            if (r == 0) {                                   /* command finished */
+                cell_finish(e);
+                close(e->fd);
+                e->fd = -1;
+                if (e->pid > 0) { waitpid(e->pid, NULL, 0); e->pid = -1; }
+                e->next_run = now_ms() +
+                    (uint32_t)(e->interval > 0 ? e->interval * 1000 : 1000);
+                got = true;
+                break;
+            }
+            e->len += (size_t)r;
+            e->buf[e->len] = 0;
+
+            if (e->interval < 0) {                          /* streaming */
+                char *nl;
+                while ((nl = memchr(e->buf, '\n', e->len)) != NULL) {
+                    size_t used = (size_t)(nl - e->buf) + 1;
+                    *nl = 0;
+                    str_set(e->out, sizeof(e->out), trim(e->buf));
+                    memmove(e->buf, e->buf + used, e->len - used);
+                    e->len -= used;
+                    e->buf[e->len] = 0;
+                    got = true;
+                }
+            }
+            if (e->len >= sizeof(e->buf) - 1) { cell_finish(e); got = true; }
+        }
+    }
+    return got;
+}
+
+static void cells_tick(void)
+{
+    uint32_t t = now_ms();
+    for (int i = 0; i < cfg.cell_count; ++i) {
+        Cell *e = &cfg.cell[i];
+        if (e->pid > 0 || !*e->cmd) continue;
+        if (e->interval == 0 && e->next_run) continue;       /* run once */
+        if (e->next_run && (int32_t)(t - e->next_run) < 0) continue;
+        e->next_run = t + 1;
+        cell_spawn(e);
+    }
+}
+
+static void cells_stop(void)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < cfg.cell_count; ++i) {
+        Cell *e = &cfg.cell[i];
+        if (e->pid > 0) { kill(-e->pid, SIGTERM); waitpid(e->pid, NULL, WNOHANG); }
+        if (e->fd >= 0) close(e->fd);
+        e->pid = -1;
+        e->fd = -1;
+    }
+}
+
+/* the text a cell draws: its output run through fmt */
+static void cell_text(Cell *e, char *out, size_t cap)
+{
+    if (!*e->fmt) { str_set(out, cap, e->out); return; }
+    const char *pc = strstr(e->fmt, "%s");
+    if (!pc) { str_set(out, cap, e->fmt); return; }
+    snprintf(out, cap, "%.*s%s%s", (int)(pc - e->fmt), e->fmt, e->out, pc + 2);
+}
+
+/* the first number in the output, ignoring markup tags */
+static bool cell_number(const char *s, float *out)
+{
+    bool in_tag = false;
+    for (const char *p = s; *p; ++p) {
+        if (*p == '<') { in_tag = true; continue; }
+        if (*p == '>') { in_tag = false; continue; }
+        if (in_tag) continue;
+        if (isdigit((unsigned char)*p) ||
+            ((*p == '-' || *p == '.') && isdigit((unsigned char)p[1]))) {
+            *out = (float)atof(p);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+static Col cell_color(Cell *e)
+{
+    Col base = e->has_color ? e->color : cfg.text;
+    float n;
+    if ((e->has_warn || e->has_crit) && cell_number(e->out, &n)) {
+        if (e->has_warn && (e->warn_dir > 0 ? n >= e->warn_th : n <= e->warn_th))
+            base = e->warn_col;
+        if (e->has_crit && (e->crit_dir > 0 ? n >= e->crit_th : n <= e->crit_th))
+            base = e->crit_col;
+    }
+    return base;
+}
+
+static bool cell_is_msg(Cell *e)
+{
+    return *cfg.msg_target && !strcmp(cfg.msg_target, e->name) && msg_active();
+}
+
+static bool cell_visible(Cell *e)
+{
+    if (cell_is_msg(e)) return true;
+    if (!*e->cmd && !*e->fmt && !*e->empty) return false;
+    if (*e->out) return true;
+    return *e->empty || !e->hide_empty;      /* a placeholder stays clickable */
+}
+
+/* what a cell draws right now, and in which colour */
+static void cell_display(Cell *e, char *out, size_t cap, Col *col)
+{
+    if (cell_is_msg(e)) { str_set(out, cap, msg_text); *col = msg_color(); return; }
+    if (!*e->out && *e->empty) { str_set(out, cap, e->empty); *col = cell_color(e); return; }
+    cell_text(e, out, cap);
+    *col = cell_color(e);
+}
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------- wayland */
+
+struct zwlr_layer_shell_v1;
+
+typedef struct Bar Bar;
+
+typedef struct {
+    uint32_t id;
+    struct wl_output *wl;
+    char name[64];
+    int scale, mode_w, mode_h;
+    Bar *bar;
+    bool alive;
+} Output;
+
+struct Bar {
+    Output *out;
+    struct wl_surface *surf;
+    struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *ls;
+    struct wl_callback *frame;
+
+    int w, h, want_w;            /* logical surface size */
+    int scale;
+    bool configured, dirty, closed;
+
+    /* shm: one pool, two buffers */
+    struct wl_shm_pool *pool;
+    void *pool_data;
+    size_t pool_size;
+    struct wl_buffer *buf[2];
+    void *bufmem[2];
+    bool busy[2];
+    int stride, bw, bh;
+
+    /* collapse state */
+    bool collapsed;
+    float vis, anim_from, anim_to;
+    uint32_t anim_start;
+
+    /* pointer */
+    bool hovered, kbd_grab;
+    double px, py;
+
+    /* workspace hit boxes, rebuilt on every render */
+    struct { float x0, x1; char name[128]; } hit[MAX_WORKSPACES];
+    int hits;
+    struct { float x0, x1; int cell; } chit[MAX_CELLS];
+    int chits;
+};
+
+static struct wl_display    *dpy;
+static struct wl_registry   *registry;
+static struct wl_compositor *compositor;
+static struct wl_shm        *shm;
+static struct wl_seat       *seat;
+static struct wl_pointer    *pointer;
+static struct wl_keyboard   *keyboard;
+static struct zwlr_layer_shell_v1 *layer_shell;
+
+static Output outputs[MAX_OUTPUTS];
+static int    output_count = 0;
+static Bar   *pointer_bar = NULL;
+static bool   running = true;
+
+static void bar_render(Bar *b);
+static void bar_damage(Bar *b) { if (b) { b->dirty = true; } }
+
+static void damage_all(void)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i)
+        if (outputs[i].bar) bar_damage(outputs[i].bar);
+}
+
+static bool output_wanted(const char *name)
+{
+    if (!*cfg.outputs) return true;
+    char tmp[512];
+    str_set(tmp, sizeof(tmp), cfg.outputs);
+    for (char *tok = strtok(tmp, ","); tok; tok = strtok(NULL, ",")) {
+        char *t = trim(tok);
+        if (!strcasecmp(t, name) || !strcmp(t, "*")) return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+/* -------- sizes (logical pixels, multiplied by the output scale) -------- */
+
+static int bar_height_logical(void)
+{
+    if (cfg.height > 0) return cfg.height;
+    float base = fmaxf(cfg.text_px, cfg.ws_px) * cfg.ui_scale;
+    int h = (int)lroundf(base * 1.35f) + 4;
+    return h < 10 ? 10 : h;
+}
+
+static float bar_visible_logical(Bar *b)
+{
+    float full = (float)bar_height_logical();
+    float col = (float)clampi(cfg.collapsed_px, 1, (int)full);
+    return col + (full - col) * clampf(b->vis, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------- buffers */
+
+static void buffer_release(void *data, struct wl_buffer *wl_buffer)
+{
+    Bar *b = (Bar *)data;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
+        if (b->buf[i] == wl_buffer) b->busy[i] = false;
+}
+static const struct wl_buffer_listener buffer_listener = { buffer_release };
+
+static void bar_free_buffers(Bar *b)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
+        if (b->buf[i]) wl_buffer_destroy(b->buf[i]);
+        b->buf[i] = NULL;
+        b->busy[i] = false;
+        b->bufmem[i] = NULL;
+    }
+    if (b->pool) wl_shm_pool_destroy(b->pool);
+    b->pool = NULL;
+    if (b->pool_data) munmap(b->pool_data, b->pool_size);
+    b->pool_data = NULL;
+    b->pool_size = 0;
+}
+
+static int anon_shm(size_t size)
+{
+    int fd = memfd_create("swbr", MFD_CLOEXEC);
+    if (fd < 0) return -1;
+    if (ftruncate(fd, (off_t)size) < 0) { close(fd); return -1; }
+    return fd;
+}
+
+static bool bar_alloc(Bar *b)
+{
+    int bw = b->w * b->scale, bh = b->h * b->scale;
+    if (bw <= 0 || bh <= 0) return false;
+    if (b->pool && b->bw == bw && b->bh == bh) return true;
+
+    bar_free_buffers(b);
+    b->bw = bw;
+    b->bh = bh;
+    b->stride = bw * 4;
+    size_t one = (size_t)b->stride * (size_t)bh;
+    size_t total = one * 2;
+
+    int fd = anon_shm(total);
+    if (fd < 0) return false;
+    void *mem = mmap(NULL, total, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
+    if (mem == MAP_FAILED) { close(fd); return false; }
+
+    b->pool_data = mem;
+    b->pool_size = total;
+    b->pool = wl_shm_create_pool(shm, fd, (int32_t)total);
+    close(fd);
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
+        b->buf[i] = wl_shm_pool_create_buffer(b->pool, (int32_t)(one * (size_t)i),
+                                              bw, bh, b->stride, WL_SHM_FORMAT_ARGB8888);
+        b->bufmem[i] = (char *)mem + one * (size_t)i;
+        b->busy[i] = false;
+        wl_buffer_add_listener(b->buf[i], &buffer_listener, b);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- render */
+
+/* Baseline that puts the ink optically centred in a band: the em box is
+ * centred, then nudged by text_y (logical px, negative = up). */
+static float baseline_for(Font *f, float y0, float vis, float s)
+{
+    return y0 + vis * 0.5f + (f->ascent - f->lineh * 0.5f) + cfg.text_y * s;
+}
+
+static Col col_scale_alpha(Col c, float f)
+{
+    c.a = (uint8_t)clampi((int)lroundf((float)c.a * clampf(f, 0.0f, 1.0f)), 0, 255);
+    return c;
+}
+
+static bool ws_on_bar(Bar *b, Ws *w)
+{
+    if (!b->out || !*b->out->name || !*w->output) return true;
+    return strcmp(w->output, b->out->name) == 0;
+}
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------- slim mode
+ * Folded, the bar is a few pixels tall and still has to say something. Each
+ * workspace keeps a fixed slot so its position never moves, the clock turns
+ * into twelve dots, and anything with a percentage becomes a small gauge. */
+
+static Ws *ws_by_num(Bar *b, int num)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < ws_count; ++i)
+        if (ws_list[i].num == num && ws_on_bar(b, &ws_list[i])) return &ws_list[i];
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static int slim_mode(Cell *e)
+{
+    if (e->slim != SLIM_AUTO) return e->slim;
+    if (!*e->out) return SLIM_TICK;              /* a placeholder is a button */
+    if (strchr(e->out, '%')) return SLIM_BAR;
+    float v;
+    if ((e->has_warn || e->has_crit) && cell_number(e->out, &v)) return SLIM_BAR;
+    return SLIM_TICK;
+}
+
+static float slim_width_of(Cell *e, int mode, float s)
+{
+    if (e && e->slim_w > 0) return (float)e->slim_w * s;
+    switch (mode) {
+    case SLIM_CLOCK: return 12.0f * 3.0f * s + 11.0f * 2.0f * s;
+    case SLIM_BAR:   return 40.0f * s;
+    case SLIM_PRESENCE: return 10.0f * s;
+    case SLIM_OFF:   return 0.0f;
+    default:         return 12.0f * s;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void slim_draw_one(Canvas *cv, Cell *e, int mode, float x, float y,
+                          float w, float h, float s)
+{
+    Col c = e->has_slim_color ? e->slim_color : cell_color(e);
+    if (mode == SLIM_PRESENCE) {
+        /* the cell only exists while its program does, so a block here means
+         * "that one is up" — its own colour, not shared with any gauge */
+        if (!e->has_slim_color) c = cfg.running;
+        fill_rect(cv, x, y, w, h, c);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (mode == SLIM_CLOCK) {
+        time_t t = time(NULL);
+        struct tm tmv;
+        localtime_r(&t, &tmv);
+        int hour = tmv.tm_hour % 12;
+        float dot = 3.0f * s, gap = 2.0f * s;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 12; ++i) {
+            Col dc = cfg.dim;
+            float dw = dot;
+            if (i < hour) dc = cfg.accent;
+            else if (i == hour) { dc = cfg.hl; dw = dot * (0.35f + 0.65f * (float)tmv.tm_min / 59.0f); }
+            fill_rect(cv, x + (float)i * (dot + gap), y, dw, h, dc);
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    if (mode == SLIM_BAR) {
+        float v = 0;
+        bool have = cell_number(e->out, &v);
+        float lo = e->slim_min, hi = e->slim_max;
+        float f = (hi > lo) ? (v - lo) / (hi - lo) : 0.0f;
+        f = clampf(f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+        Col track = cfg.dim;                       /* visible, or a part filled
+                                                    * gauge just looks short */
+        track.a = 110;
+        fill_rect(cv, x, y, w, h, track);
+        if (have) fill_rect(cv, x, y, w * f, h, c);
+        return;
+    }
+    fill_rect(cv, x, y, w, h, c);
+}
+
+static void draw_signals(Canvas *cv, Bar *b, float y, float h, float s, Runs *rs)
+{
+    if (!cfg.signals) return;
+    float gap = 3.0f * s;
+    float x = 4.0f * s;
+
+    if (msg_active() && cfg.msg_flash) {          /* an error is worth the whole strip */
+        fill_rect(cv, x, y, (float)cv->w - 8.0f * s, h, msg_color());
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* one fixed slot per workspace number, so slot 3 is always workspace 3 */
+    int slots = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < ws_count; ++i)
+        if (ws_on_bar(b, &ws_list[i]) && ws_list[i].num > slots) slots = ws_list[i].num;
+    if (slots <= 0)
+        for (int i = 0; i < ws_count; ++i) if (ws_on_bar(b, &ws_list[i])) slots++;
+    if (cfg.slim_ws_slots > 0 && slots > cfg.slim_ws_slots) slots = cfg.slim_ws_slots;
+
+    float tick = 14.0f * s;
+    b->hits = 0;
+    b->chits = 0;
+    for (int i = 1; i <= slots; ++i) {
+        Ws *w = ws_by_num(b, i);
+        Col c = cfg.dim;
+        c.a = 60;                                  /* empty slot: a faint place holder */
+        if (w) {
+            if (w->urgent) c = cfg.urgent;
+            else if (w->focused) c = cfg.hl;
+            else if (w->visible) c = cfg.accent;
+            else { c = cfg.dim; c.a = 170; }
+        }
+        fill_rect(cv, x, y, tick, h, c);
+        if (w && b->hits < MAX_WORKSPACES) {      /* still switchable when folded */
+            b->hit[b->hits].x0 = x / s;
+            b->hit[b->hits].x1 = (x + tick) / s;
+            str_set(b->hit[b->hits].name, sizeof(b->hit[b->hits].name), w->name);
+            b->hits++;
+        }
+        x += tick + gap;
+    }
+
+    if (!cfg.cell_count) {                         /* status_command fallback */
+        float rx = (float)cv->w - 4.0f * s;
+        for (int i = rs->n - 1; i >= 0 && rx > x; --i) {
+            if (!rs->v[i].has_fg) continue;
+            float w = clampf((float)strlen(rs->v[i].text) * 2.0f * s, 6.0f * s, 40.0f * s);
+            rx -= w;
+            fill_rect(cv, rx, y, w, h, rs->v[i].fg);
+            rx -= gap;
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* the right hand group, in layout order */
+    int idx[MAX_CELLS], mode[MAX_CELLS], n = 0;
+    bool join[MAX_CELLS];
+    float total = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < layout_n[G_RIGHT] && n < MAX_CELLS; ++i) {
+        Item *it = &layout_item[G_RIGHT][i];
+        if (it->kind != IT_CELL) continue;
+        Cell *e = &cfg.cell[it->cell];
+        if (!cell_visible(e)) continue;
+        int m = slim_mode(e);
+        if (m == SLIM_OFF) continue;
+        idx[n] = it->cell;
+        mode[n] = m;
+        join[n] = (n > 0 && !layout_item[G_RIGHT][i - 1].sep);
+        total += slim_width_of(e, m, s) + (n ? (join[n] ? 1.0f * s : gap) : 0);
+        n++;
+    }
+    float rx = (float)cv->w - 4.0f * s - total;
+    if (rx < x + gap) rx = x + gap;
+    for (int k = 0; k < n; ++k) {
+        float w = slim_width_of(&cfg.cell[idx[k]], mode[k], s);
+        if (k) rx += join[k] ? 1.0f * s : gap;
+        if (rx + w > (float)cv->w - 3.0f * s) break;
+        slim_draw_one(cv, &cfg.cell[idx[k]], mode[k], rx, y, w, h, s);
+        if (b->chits < MAX_CELLS) {               /* buttons keep working */
+            b->chit[b->chits].x0 = rx / s;
+            b->chit[b->chits].x1 = (rx + w) / s;
+            b->chit[b->chits].cell = idx[k];
+            b->chits++;
+        }
+        rx += w;
+    }
+}
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------- workspaces
+ * The buttons are a placeable item like any cell, so they are measured and
+ * drawn through the same two-pass code. With ws_inset > 0 they float inside
+ * the bar as their own pills instead of being as tall as the bar itself. */
+
+static float ws_button_w(Font *f, Ws *w, float s)
+{
+    return fmaxf(text_width(f, w->label) + 2.0f * (float)cfg.ws_pad * s,
+                 (float)cfg.ws_min_w * s);
+}
+
+static float ws_block_w(Font *f, Bar *b, float s)
+{
+    float w = 0;
+    int n = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < ws_count; ++i) {
+        if (!ws_on_bar(b, &ws_list[i])) continue;
+        w += ws_button_w(f, &ws_list[i], s);
+        n++;
+    }
+    if (n > 1) w += (float)(n - 1) * (float)cfg.ws_gap * s;
+    return w;
+}
+
+/* one pill, square on the screen edge only when it is flush with it */
+static void pill(Canvas *cv, float x, float y0, float vis, float w, float s,
+                 float rad, Col c)
+{
+    float in = (float)cfg.ws_inset * s;
+    bool top = strcmp(cfg.position, "bottom") != 0;
+    float y = y0 + in, h = vis - 2.0f * in;
+    if (in <= 0) {
+        if (top) fill_round(cv, x, y0, w, vis, 0, 0, rad, rad, c);
+        else     fill_round(cv, x, y0, w, vis, rad, rad, 0, 0, c);
+        return;
+    }
+    fill_round(cv, x, y, w, h, rad, rad, rad, rad, c);
+}
+
+static float ws_radius_px(float vis, float s)
+{
+    if (cfg.ws_radius >= 0) return cfg.ws_radius * s;
+    if (cfg.ws_inset > 0) return vis;            /* capped to a full pill */
+    return cfg.radius * s;
+}
+
+static void ws_block_draw(Canvas *cv, Bar *b, Font *f, float x, float y0,
+                          float vis, float s, float fade)
+{
+    float rad = ws_radius_px(vis, s);
+    float base = baseline_for(f, y0, vis, s);
+    for (int i = 0; i < ws_count; ++i) {
+        Ws *w = &ws_list[i];
+        if (!ws_on_bar(b, w)) continue;
+        float bwid = ws_button_w(f, w, s);
+        float tw = text_width(f, w->label);
+
+        Col bg = cfg.ws_bg, fg = cfg.ws_fg;
+        if (w->urgent)       { bg = cfg.ws_urgent_bg;  fg = cfg.ws_urgent_fg;  }
+        else if (w->focused) { bg = cfg.ws_focused_bg; fg = cfg.ws_focused_fg; }
+        else if (w->visible) { bg = cfg.ws_visible_bg; fg = cfg.ws_visible_fg; }
+
+        pill(cv, x, y0, vis, bwid, s, rad, col_scale_alpha(bg, fade));
+        text_draw(cv, f, x + (bwid - tw) * 0.5f, base, col_scale_alpha(fg, fade), w->label);
+
+        if (b->hits < MAX_WORKSPACES) {
+            b->hit[b->hits].x0 = x / s;
+            b->hit[b->hits].x1 = (x + bwid) / s;
+            str_set(b->hit[b->hits].name, sizeof(b->hit[b->hits].name), w->name);
+            b->hits++;
+        }
+        x += bwid + (float)cfg.ws_gap * s;
+    }
+}
+
+static bool mode_shown(void) { return cfg.mode_show && strcmp(sway_mode, "default"); }
+
+static float mode_w(Font *f, float s)
+{
+    if (!mode_shown()) return 0;
+    return text_width(f, sway_mode) + 2.0f * (float)cfg.ws_pad * s;
+}
+
+static void mode_draw(Canvas *cv, Font *f, float x, float y0, float vis, float s, float fade)
+{
+    if (!mode_shown()) return;
+    pill(cv, x, y0, vis, mode_w(f, s), s, ws_radius_px(vis, s),
+         col_scale_alpha(cfg.mode_bg, fade));
+    text_draw(cv, f, x + (float)cfg.ws_pad * s, baseline_for(f, y0, vis, s),
+              col_scale_alpha(cfg.mode_fg, fade), sway_mode);
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------- text cells */
+/* A cell with scroll=1 never pushes the layout around: too long and it ends
+ * in "..", and it scrolls through the full text while the pointer is on it. */
+
+static bool scroll_running = false;
+
+static void runs_truncate(Font *f, Runs *rs, float maxw, float ellw)
+{
+    float w = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < rs->n; ++i) {
+        char *txt = rs->v[i].text;
+        const char *p = txt;
+        while (*p) {
+            const char *prev = p;
+            unsigned cp = utf8_next(&p);
+            float aw = glyph_get(f, cp)->adv;
+            if (w + aw > maxw - ellw) {
+                size_t keep = (size_t)(prev - txt);
+                txt[keep] = 0;
+                if (keep + 3 < sizeof(rs->v[i].text)) strcat(txt, "..");
+                rs->n = i + 1;
+                return;
+            }
+            w += aw;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* how far a hovered cell has scrolled: pause, glide, pause, jump back */
+static float scroll_offset(Cell *e, float over, float s)
+{
+    uint32_t t = now_ms();
+    if (!e->scroll_t) e->scroll_t = t;
+    float speed = fmaxf((float)cfg.scroll_speed, 1.0f) * s;
+    float pause = fmaxf((float)cfg.scroll_pause, 0.0f) / 1000.0f;
+    float dur = over / speed;
+    float cycle = pause + dur + pause;
+    float el = (float)(t - e->scroll_t) / 1000.0f;
+    float ph = cycle > 0 ? fmodf(el, cycle) : 0;
+    scroll_running = true;
+    if (ph < pause) return 0;
+    if (ph < pause + dur) return (ph - pause) / dur * over;
+    return over;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ groups */
+
+/* space after an item: the cell may override the global cell_gap, which is
+ * how two cells are pushed together into one visible box */
+static float item_gap(Item *it, float s)
+{
+    int g = cfg.cell_gap;
+    if (it->kind == IT_CELL && cfg.cell[it->cell].gap >= 0) g = cfg.cell[it->cell].gap;
+    return (float)g * s;
+}
+
+static float item_width(Canvas *cv, Bar *b, Font *f, Item *it, float s,
+                        char *txt, size_t cap, Col *col, float *tw)
+{
+    (void)cv;
+    if (it->kind == IT_WS)   { *tw = 0; return ws_block_w(f, b, s); }
+    if (it->kind == IT_MODE) { *tw = 0; return mode_w(f, s); }
+
+    Cell *e = &cfg.cell[it->cell];
+    cell_display(e, txt, cap, col);
+    Runs rs;
+    int saved = cfg.markup;
+    cfg.markup = e->markup;
+    markup_parse(txt, &rs, *col);
+    cfg.markup = saved;
+    float w = 0;
+    for (int k = 0; k < rs.n; ++k) w += text_width(f, rs.v[k].text);
+    *tw = w;
+    float pad = 2.0f * (float)e->pad * s;
+    float box = fmaxf(w + pad, (float)e->min_w * s);
+    if (e->max_w > 0) box = fminf(box, (float)e->max_w * s);
+    if (e->scroll && e->min_w > 0) box = (float)e->min_w * s;   /* fixed slot */
+    return box;
+}
+
+/* Draws one group. Returns the left edge it occupies, so the next group in
+ * from the right knows where it must stop. With measure = true nothing is
+ * painted and the group's total width comes back instead — that is how the
+ * left group reserves its space before the right one is placed. */
+static float draw_group_(Canvas *cv, Bar *b, Font *f, int g, float y0, float vis,
+                         float s, float fade, float left_limit, float right,
+                         bool measure)
+{
+    static char txt[MAX_CELLS + 4][1024];
+    float bw[MAX_CELLS + 4], tw[MAX_CELLS + 4];
+    Col col[MAX_CELLS + 4];
+    int idx[MAX_CELLS + 4], n = 0;
+
+    float sep_w = *cfg.separator ? text_width(f, cfg.separator) : 0.0f;
+    float total = 0;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < layout_n[g]; ++i) {
+        Item *it = &layout_item[g][i];
+        if (it->kind == IT_CELL && !cell_visible(&cfg.cell[it->cell])) continue;
+        float w = item_width(cv, b, f, it, s, txt[n], sizeof(txt[n]), &col[n], &tw[n]);
+        if (w <= 0) continue;
+        bw[n] = w;
+        idx[n] = i;
+        total += w;
+        n++;
+    }
+    if (!n) return measure ? 0.0f : right;
+    for (int k = 0; k + 1 < n; ++k) {
+        Item *it = &layout_item[g][idx[k]];
+        float ig = item_gap(it, s);
+        total += ig + (it->sep && sep_w > 0 ? ig + sep_w : 0.0f);
+    }
+
+    /* too wide: text cells give up their width first, that is what they are
+     * for. Everything else keeps its size and the group clips at the edge. */
+    float avail = right - left_limit;
+    if (total > avail) {
+        float excess = total - avail;
+        float floor_w = 60.0f * s;
+        for (int k = 0; k < n && excess > 0.5f; ++k) {
+            Item *it = &layout_item[g][idx[k]];
+            if (it->kind != IT_CELL || !cfg.cell[it->cell].scroll) continue;
+            float can = bw[k] - floor_w;
+            if (can <= 0) continue;
+            float take = fminf(can, excess);
+            bw[k] -= take;
+            total -= take;
+            excess -= take;
+        }
+    }
+    if (measure) return total;
+
+    float x;
+    if (g == G_LEFT)        x = left_limit;
+    else if (g == G_CENTER) x = ((float)cv->w - total) * 0.5f;
+    else                    x = right - total;
+    if (x + total > right) x = right - total;
+    if (x < left_limit) x = left_limit;
+    float origin = x;
+    float base = baseline_for(f, y0, vis, s);
+
+    /* where every item lands, so joined backgrounds can be merged into one
+     * box instead of two rounded ones meeting in a notch */
+    float xs[MAX_CELLS + 4];
+    {
+        float cx = x;
+        for (int k = 0; k < n; ++k) {
+            Item *it = &layout_item[g][idx[k]];
+            xs[k] = cx;
+            cx += bw[k];
+            if (k + 1 < n) {
+                float ig = item_gap(it, s);
+                cx += ig + (it->sep && sep_w > 0 ? sep_w + ig : 0.0f);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    for (int k = 0; k < n; ) {
+        Item *it = &layout_item[g][idx[k]];
+        if (it->kind != IT_CELL || !cfg.cell[it->cell].has_bg ||
+            cell_is_msg(&cfg.cell[it->cell])) { k++; continue; }
+        Col bgc = cfg.cell[it->cell].bg;
+        int e2 = k;
+        while (e2 + 1 < n) {                       /* extend over glued cells */
+            Item *cur = &layout_item[g][idx[e2]];
+            Item *nx = &layout_item[g][idx[e2 + 1]];
+            if (cur->sep || item_gap(cur, s) > 0.5f) break;
+            if (nx->kind != IT_CELL || !cfg.cell[nx->cell].has_bg) break;
+            Col nc = cfg.cell[nx->cell].bg;
+            if (nc.r != bgc.r || nc.g != bgc.g || nc.b != bgc.b || nc.a != bgc.a) break;
+            e2++;
+        }
+        float in = (float)cfg.cell_inset * s;
+        float r = cfg.cell_radius * s;
+        fill_round(cv, xs[k], y0 + in, xs[e2] + bw[e2] - xs[k], vis - 2.0f * in,
+                   r, r, r, r, col_scale_alpha(bgc, fade));
+        k = e2 + 1;
+    }
+
+    for (int k = 0; k < n; ++k) {
+        Item *it = &layout_item[g][idx[k]];
+        x = xs[k];
+
+        if (it->kind == IT_WS) {
+            ws_block_draw(cv, b, f, x, y0, vis, s, fade);
+        } else if (it->kind == IT_MODE) {
+            mode_draw(cv, f, x, y0, vis, s, fade);
+        } else {
+            Cell *e = &cfg.cell[it->cell];
+            bool hover = b->hovered && b->px * s >= x && b->px * s < x + bw[k];
+
+            Runs rs;
+            int saved = cfg.markup;
+            cfg.markup = e->markup;
+            markup_parse(txt[k], &rs, col[k]);
+            cfg.markup = saved;
+
+            float pad = (float)e->pad * s;
+            float inner = bw[k] - 2.0f * pad;
+            float tx = x + pad, over = tw[k] - inner;
+            if (over > 0 && e->scroll) {
+                if (hover) tx -= scroll_offset(e, over, s);
+                else { e->scroll_t = 0; runs_truncate(f, &rs, inner, text_width(f, "..")); }
+            } else if (over <= 0) {
+                if (!strcmp(e->align, "right")) tx = x + bw[k] - pad - tw[k];
+                else if (!strcmp(e->align, "center")) tx = x + (bw[k] - tw[k]) * 0.5f;
+            }
+
+            int ox0 = cv->cx0, ox1 = cv->cx1;
+            canvas_clip(cv, (int)(x + pad), cv->cy0, (int)ceilf(x + bw[k] - pad), cv->cy1);
+            for (int r = 0; r < rs.n; ++r) {
+                float rw = text_width(f, rs.v[r].text);
+                if (rs.v[r].has_bg)
+                    fill_rect(cv, tx, y0 + 2.0f * s, rw, vis - 4.0f * s,
+                              col_scale_alpha(rs.v[r].bg, fade));
+                text_draw(cv, f, tx, base, col_scale_alpha(rs.v[r].fg, fade), rs.v[r].text);
+                tx += rw;
+            }
+            canvas_clip(cv, ox0, cv->cy0, ox1, cv->cy1);
+
+            if (b->chits < MAX_CELLS) {
+                b->chit[b->chits].x0 = x / s;
+                b->chit[b->chits].x1 = (x + bw[k]) / s;
+                b->chit[b->chits].cell = it->cell;
+                b->chits++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        x += bw[k];
+        if (k + 1 < n) {
+            float ig = item_gap(it, s);
+            x += ig;
+            if (it->sep && sep_w > 0) {
+                text_draw(cv, f, x, base, col_scale_alpha(cfg.separator_color, fade),
+                          cfg.separator);
+                x += sep_w + ig;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return origin;
+}
+
+/* A message with no cell to live in is drawn centred on its own. */
+static float draw_message(Canvas *cv, Bar *b, Font *f, float y0, float vis,
+                          float s, float fade, float left_limit, float right)
+{
+    if (!msg_active()) return right;
+    for (int i = 0; i < cfg.cell_count; ++i)      /* a cell already shows it */
+        if (cell_is_msg(&cfg.cell[i])) return right;
+
+    Runs rs;
+    markup_parse(msg_text, &rs, msg_color());
+    float w = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < rs.n; ++i) w += text_width(f, rs.v[i].text);
+    float x = ((float)cv->w - w) * 0.5f;
+    if (x + w > right) x = right - w;
+    if (x < left_limit) x = left_limit;
+    float origin = x;
+    float base = baseline_for(f, y0, vis, s);
+    int ox0 = cv->cx0, ox1 = cv->cx1;
+    canvas_clip(cv, (int)x, cv->cy0, (int)ceilf(x + w), cv->cy1);
+    for (int i = 0; i < rs.n; ++i) {
+        float rw = text_width(f, rs.v[i].text);
+        text_draw(cv, f, x, base, col_scale_alpha(rs.v[i].fg, fade), rs.v[i].text);
+        x += rw;
+    }
+    canvas_clip(cv, ox0, cv->cy0, ox1, cv->cy1);
+    (void)b;
+    return origin;
+}
+
+static float draw_group(Canvas *cv, Bar *b, Font *f, int g, float y0, float vis,
+                        float s, float fade, float left_limit, float right)
+{
+    return draw_group_(cv, b, f, g, y0, vis, s, fade, left_limit, right, false);
+}
+
+static float group_width(Canvas *cv, Bar *b, Font *f, int g, float vis, float s)
+{
+    return draw_group_(cv, b, f, g, 0, vis, s, 1.0f, 0, (float)cv->w, true);
+}
+
+/* what the group wants, with nothing squeezed */
+static float group_natural(Canvas *cv, Bar *b, Font *f, int g, float vis, float s)
+{
+    return draw_group_(cv, b, f, g, 0, vis, s, 1.0f, 0, 1.0e6f, true);
+}
+
+/* The bar sizes itself: as wide as its content needs, never under min_width,
+ * never wider than the output. Cells come and go (charging, docker, a longer
+ * clock), so this is checked on every paint and the layer surface is only
+ * resized when it actually changed. */
+static int bar_natural_width(Bar *b, Canvas *cv, Font *f, float vis, float s)
+{
+    float lw = group_natural(cv, b, f, G_LEFT, vis, s);
+    float cw = group_natural(cv, b, f, G_CENTER, vis, s);
+    float rw = group_natural(cv, b, f, G_RIGHT, vis, s);
+    float gap = (float)cfg.cell_gap * s;
+    int groups = (lw > 0) + (cw > 0) + (rw > 0);
+    float total = lw + cw + rw;
+    if (groups > 1) total += (float)(groups - 1) * gap * 2.0f;
+    total += (float)cfg.pad_x * s + (float)(cfg.pad_right >= 0 ? cfg.pad_right : cfg.pad_x) * s;
+
+    int want = (int)ceilf(total / s);
+    if (want < cfg.min_width) want = cfg.min_width;
+
+    int limit = 0;
+    if (b->out && b->out->mode_w > 0)
+        limit = b->out->mode_w / (b->out->scale > 0 ? b->out->scale : 1) - 2 * cfg.side_margin;
+    if (limit > 0 && want > limit) want = limit;
+    return want;
+}
+
+static void bar_fit_width(Bar *b, Canvas *cv, Font *f, float vis, float s)
+{
+    if (cfg.min_width <= 0 || !b->ls) return;
+    int want = bar_natural_width(b, cv, f, vis, s);
+    if (want != b->want_w && abs(want - b->w) >= 2) {
+        b->want_w = want;
+        ls_set_size(b->ls, (uint32_t)want, (uint32_t)b->h);
+        wl_surface_commit(b->surf);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Everything the bar paints, into a plain canvas. Split out of bar_render so
+ * it can be exercised without a compositor. */
+static void bar_paint(Bar *b, Canvas *cv, float visL, float s)
+{
+    bool top = strcmp(cfg.position, "bottom") != 0;
+    float vis = visL * s;
+    float y0 = top ? 0.0f : (float)cv->h - vis;
+    float rad = cfg.radius * s;
+    float bw = (float)cv->w;
+
+    memset(cv->px, 0, (size_t)cv->w * (size_t)cv->h * 4);
+    canvas_clip_all(cv);
+
+    /* flush with the screen edge: the two corners that touch it stay square */
+    if (top) fill_round(cv, 0, y0, bw, vis, 0, 0, rad, rad, cfg.bg);
+    else     fill_round(cv, 0, y0, bw, vis, rad, rad, 0, 0, cfg.bg);
+
+    Runs rs;
+    markup_parse(status_line, &rs, cfg.text);
+
+    float fade = clampf(b->vis * 1.6f - 0.25f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+    b->hits = 0;
+    b->chits = 0;
+    if (fade <= 0.01f) {
+        draw_signals(cv, b, y0, vis, s, &rs);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    canvas_clip(cv, 0, (int)floorf(y0), (int)bw, (int)ceilf(y0 + vis));
+
+    Font *f = font_get((int)lroundf(cfg.text_px * cfg.ui_scale * s));
+    bar_fit_width(b, cv, f, vis, s);
+    float gap = (float)cfg.cell_gap * s;
+    float left_limit = (float)cfg.pad_x * s;
+    float right = bw - (float)(cfg.pad_right >= 0 ? cfg.pad_right : cfg.pad_x) * s;
+
+    if (cfg.cell_count || layout_n[G_LEFT]) {
+        float lw = group_width(cv, b, f, G_LEFT, vis, s);
+        float after_left = left_limit + (lw > 0 ? lw + gap : 0.0f);
+        float rx = draw_group(cv, b, f, G_RIGHT, y0, vis, s, fade, after_left, right);
+        float mx = draw_message(cv, b, f, y0, vis, s, fade, after_left, rx - gap);
+        float cx = draw_group(cv, b, f, G_CENTER, y0, vis, s, fade, after_left,
+                              fminf(rx, mx) - gap);
+        draw_group(cv, b, f, G_LEFT, y0, vis, s, fade, left_limit, cx - gap);
+    }
+
+    if (!cfg.cell_count && *status_line) {         /* status_command fallback */
+        float total = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < rs.n; ++i) total += text_width(f, rs.v[i].text);
+        float sx = right - total;
+        float base = baseline_for(f, y0, vis, s);
+        for (int i = 0; i < rs.n; ++i) {
+            float rw = text_width(f, rs.v[i].text);
+            text_draw(cv, f, sx, base, col_scale_alpha(rs.v[i].fg, fade), rs.v[i].text);
+            sx += rw;
+        }
+    }
+    canvas_clip_all(cv);
+}
+
+static void bar_render(Bar *b)
+{
+    if (!b->configured || b->closed) return;
+    if (!bar_alloc(b)) return;
+
+    int slot = -1;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) if (!b->busy[i]) { slot = i; break; }
+    if (slot < 0) return;                     /* both in flight: next frame */
+
+    float s = (float)b->scale;
+    float visL = bar_visible_logical(b);
+    bool top = strcmp(cfg.position, "bottom") != 0;
+    Canvas cv = { (uint32_t *)b->bufmem[slot], b->bw, b->bh, 0, 0, b->bw, b->bh };
+    bar_paint(b, &cv, visL, s);
+
+    /* hand the buffer over */
+    b->busy[slot] = true;
+    wl_surface_set_buffer_scale(b->surf, b->scale);
+    wl_surface_attach(b->surf, b->buf[slot], 0, 0);
+    wl_surface_damage_buffer(b->surf, 0, 0, b->bw, b->bh);
+
+    /* only the visible strip takes clicks — the rest of the surface is
+     * transparent and must not swallow them */
+    struct wl_region *reg = wl_compositor_create_region(compositor);
+    int rv = (int)ceilf(visL);
+    wl_region_add(reg, 0, top ? 0 : b->h - rv, b->w, rv);
+    wl_surface_set_input_region(b->surf, reg);
+    wl_region_destroy(reg);
+
+    if (cfg.exclusive)
+        ls_set_exclusive_zone(b->ls, rv + cfg.margin);
+
+    wl_surface_commit(b->surf);
+    b->dirty = false;
+}
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------- animation */
+
+static void bar_set_collapsed(Bar *b, bool c)
+{
+    b->collapsed = c;
+    b->anim_from = b->vis;
+    b->anim_to = c ? 0.0f : 1.0f;
+    b->anim_start = now_ms();
+    if (cfg.anim_ms <= 0) b->vis = b->anim_to;
+    b->dirty = true;
+}
+
+static bool bar_animating(Bar *b) { return b->vis != b->anim_to; }
+
+static void bar_anim_step(Bar *b, uint32_t t)
+{
+    if (!bar_animating(b)) return;
+    if (cfg.anim_ms <= 0) { b->vis = b->anim_to; b->dirty = true; return; }
+    float k = (float)(t - b->anim_start) / (float)cfg.anim_ms;
+    if (k >= 1.0f) b->vis = b->anim_to;
+    else b->vis = b->anim_from + (b->anim_to - b->anim_from) * (k * k * (3.0f - 2.0f * k));
+    b->dirty = true;
+}
+
+static void bar_set_grab(Bar *b, bool on)
+{
+    if (!cfg.hover_keys || b->kbd_grab == on || !b->ls) return;
+    b->kbd_grab = on;
+    ls_set_keyboard(b->ls, on ? ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVITY_EXCLUSIVE
+                              : ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVITY_NONE);
+    wl_surface_commit(b->surf);
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------- layer surface */
+
+static void ls_configure(void *data, struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s,
+                         uint32_t serial, uint32_t w, uint32_t h)
+{
+    Bar *b = (Bar *)data;
+    ls_ack_configure(s, serial);
+    if (w) b->w = (int)w;
+    if (h) b->h = (int)h;
+    b->configured = true;
+    b->dirty = true;
+    bar_render(b);
+}
+
+static void ls_closed(void *data, struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1 *s)
+{
+    (void)s;
+    Bar *b = (Bar *)data;
+    b->closed = true;
+    b->configured = false;
+}
+
+static const struct zwlr_layer_surface_v1_listener ls_listener = { ls_configure, ls_closed };
+
+static void bar_create(Output *o)
+{
+    if (o->bar || !layer_shell || !compositor || !shm) return;
+    if (!output_wanted(o->name)) return;
+
+    Bar *b = (Bar *)xmalloc(sizeof(Bar));
+    memset(b, 0, sizeof(*b));
+    b->out = o;
+    b->scale = o->scale > 0 ? o->scale : 1;
+    b->w = 0;
+    b->h = bar_height_logical();
+    b->vis = cfg.start_collapsed ? 0.0f : 1.0f;
+    b->anim_to = b->vis;
+    b->collapsed = cfg.start_collapsed != 0;
+
+    bool top = strcmp(cfg.position, "bottom") != 0;
+    uint32_t layer = ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_TOP;
+    if (!strcmp(cfg.layer, "overlay")) layer = ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_OVERLAY;
+    else if (!strcmp(cfg.layer, "bottom")) layer = ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_BOTTOM;
+    else if (!strcmp(cfg.layer, "background")) layer = ZWLR_LAYER_SHELL_V1_LAYER_BACKGROUND;
+
+    b->surf = wl_compositor_create_surface(compositor);
+    b->ls = zwlr_layer_shell_v1_get_layer_surface(layer_shell, b->surf, o->wl, layer, APP_ID);
+    zwlr_layer_surface_v1_add_listener(b->ls, &ls_listener, b);
+
+    uint32_t anchor = top ? ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_ANCHOR_TOP
+                          : ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_ANCHOR_BOTTOM;
+    if (cfg.min_width > 0) {
+        /* a floating pill: anchored to one edge only, so the compositor
+         * centres it — unless align_x pins it to a side. The width is not
+         * fixed, bar_render grows it to whatever the content needs. */
+        if (!strcmp(cfg.align_x, "left"))  anchor |= ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_ANCHOR_LEFT;
+        if (!strcmp(cfg.align_x, "right")) anchor |= ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_ANCHOR_RIGHT;
+        b->w = cfg.min_width;
+        ls_set_anchor(b->ls, anchor);
+        ls_set_size(b->ls, (uint32_t)cfg.min_width, (uint32_t)b->h);
+    } else {
+        anchor |= ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_ANCHOR_LEFT | ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_ANCHOR_RIGHT;
+        ls_set_anchor(b->ls, anchor);
+        ls_set_size(b->ls, 0, (uint32_t)b->h);
+    }
+    ls_set_margin(b->ls, top ? cfg.margin : 0, cfg.side_margin,
+                  top ? 0 : cfg.margin, cfg.side_margin);
+    ls_set_exclusive_zone(b->ls, cfg.exclusive ? b->h + cfg.margin : 0);
+    ls_set_keyboard(b->ls, ZWLR_LAYER_SURFACE_V1_KEYBOARD_INTERACTIVITY_NONE);
+    wl_surface_commit(b->surf);
+    o->bar = b;
+}
+
+static void bar_destroy(Output *o)
+{
+    Bar *b = o->bar;
+    if (!b) return;
+    if (pointer_bar == b) pointer_bar = NULL;
+    bar_free_buffers(b);
+    if (b->ls) ls_destroy(b->ls);
+    if (b->surf) wl_surface_destroy(b->surf);
+    free(b);
+    o->bar = NULL;
+}
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------- outputs */
+
+static void out_geometry(void *d, struct wl_output *o, int32_t x, int32_t y,
+                         int32_t pw, int32_t ph, int32_t sub, const char *make,
+                         const char *model, int32_t tr)
+{ (void)d;(void)o;(void)x;(void)y;(void)pw;(void)ph;(void)sub;(void)make;(void)model;(void)tr; }
+
+static void out_mode(void *d, struct wl_output *wo, uint32_t f, int32_t w, int32_t h, int32_t r)
+{
+    (void)wo; (void)r;
+    Output *o = (Output *)d;
+    if (f & WL_OUTPUT_MODE_CURRENT) { o->mode_w = w; o->mode_h = h; }
+}
+
+static void out_scale(void *d, struct wl_output *wo, int32_t factor)
+{
+    (void)wo;
+    Output *o = (Output *)d;
+    o->scale = factor > 0 ? factor : 1;
+    if (o->bar && o->bar->scale != o->scale) {
+        o->bar->scale = o->scale;
+        bar_free_buffers(o->bar);
+        o->bar->dirty = true;
+    }
+}
+
+static void out_name(void *d, struct wl_output *wo, const char *name)
+{
+    (void)wo;
+    Output *o = (Output *)d;
+    str_set(o->name, sizeof(o->name), name ? name : "");
+}
+
+static void out_description(void *d, struct wl_output *o, const char *desc)
+{ (void)d;(void)o;(void)desc; }
+
+static void out_done(void *d, struct wl_output *wo)
+{
+    (void)wo;
+    Output *o = (Output *)d;
+    if (!o->bar) bar_create(o);
+    else o->bar->dirty = true;
+}
+
+static const struct wl_output_listener output_listener = {
+    out_geometry, out_mode, out_done, out_scale, out_name, out_description
+};
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------- pointer */
+
+static Bar *bar_of_surface(struct wl_surface *s)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i)
+        if (outputs[i].bar && outputs[i].bar->surf == s) return outputs[i].bar;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static void ptr_enter(void *d, struct wl_pointer *p, uint32_t serial,
+                      struct wl_surface *surf, wl_fixed_t sx, wl_fixed_t sy)
+{
+    (void)d; (void)p; (void)serial;
+    Bar *b = bar_of_surface(surf);
+    pointer_bar = b;
+    if (!b) return;
+    b->hovered = true;
+    b->px = wl_fixed_to_double(sx);
+    b->py = wl_fixed_to_double(sy);
+    bar_set_grab(b, true);
+}
+
+static void ptr_leave(void *d, struct wl_pointer *p, uint32_t serial, struct wl_surface *surf)
+{
+    (void)d; (void)p; (void)serial;
+    Bar *b = bar_of_surface(surf);
+    if (!b) return;
+    b->hovered = false;
+    b->dirty = true;
+    bar_set_grab(b, false);
+    if (pointer_bar == b) pointer_bar = NULL;
+}
+
+static void ptr_motion(void *d, struct wl_pointer *p, uint32_t t, wl_fixed_t sx, wl_fixed_t sy)
+{
+    (void)d; (void)p; (void)t;
+    if (!pointer_bar) return;
+    pointer_bar->px = wl_fixed_to_double(sx);
+    pointer_bar->py = wl_fixed_to_double(sy);
+    pointer_bar->dirty = true;
+}
+
+static void ws_switch(const char *name)
+{
+    char esc[256];
+    size_t j = 0;
+    for (const char *q = name; *q && j < sizeof(esc) - 2; ++q) {
+        if (*q == '"' || *q == '\\') esc[j++] = '\\';
+        esc[j++] = *q;
+    }
+    esc[j] = 0;
+    sway_cmd("workspace --no-auto-back-and-forth \"%s\"", esc);
+}
+
+static void bar_click(Bar *b, int button)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < b->chits; ++i)
+        if (b->px >= b->chit[i].x0 && b->px < b->chit[i].x1) {
+            Cell *e = &cfg.cell[b->chit[i].cell];
+            if (cell_is_msg(e)) { msg_text[0] = 0; msg_until = 0; damage_all(); return; }
+            if (button >= 1 && button < MAX_BINDS && *e->bind[button]) {
+                run_command(e->bind[button]);
+                return;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+    if (button == 1 && cfg.ws_click) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < b->hits; ++i)
+            if (b->px >= b->hit[i].x0 && b->px < b->hit[i].x1) {
+                ws_switch(b->hit[i].name);
+                return;
+            }
+    }
+    if ((button == 4 || button == 5) && cfg.scroll_workspace) {
+        sway_cmd("workspace %s_on_output", button == 4 ? "prev" : "next");
+        return;
+    }
+    if (button >= 1 && button < MAX_BINDS && *cfg.bind[button])
+        run_command(cfg.bind[button]);
+}
+
+static void ptr_button(void *d, struct wl_pointer *p, uint32_t serial, uint32_t t,
+                       uint32_t button, uint32_t state)
+{
+    (void)d; (void)p; (void)serial; (void)t;
+    if (state != WL_POINTER_BUTTON_STATE_PRESSED || !pointer_bar) return;
+    int n = 0;
+    switch (button) {
+    case 272: n = 1; break;   /* BTN_LEFT   */
+    case 274: n = 2; break;   /* BTN_MIDDLE */
+    case 273: n = 3; break;   /* BTN_RIGHT  */
+    case 275: n = 8; break;   /* BTN_SIDE   */
+    case 276: n = 9; break;   /* BTN_EXTRA  */
+    default: return;
+    }
+    bar_click(pointer_bar, n);
+}
+
+static void ptr_axis(void *d, struct wl_pointer *p, uint32_t t, uint32_t axis, wl_fixed_t value)
+{
+    (void)d; (void)p; (void)t;
+    if (!pointer_bar) return;
+    double v = wl_fixed_to_double(value);
+    if (v == 0) return;
+    int n;
+    if (axis == WL_POINTER_AXIS_VERTICAL_SCROLL) n = v < 0 ? 4 : 5;
+    else                                         n = v < 0 ? 6 : 7;
+    bar_click(pointer_bar, n);
+}
+
+static void ptr_frame(void *d, struct wl_pointer *p) { (void)d; (void)p; }
+static void ptr_axis_source(void *d, struct wl_pointer *p, uint32_t s) { (void)d;(void)p;(void)s; }
+static void ptr_axis_stop(void *d, struct wl_pointer *p, uint32_t t, uint32_t a)
+{ (void)d;(void)p;(void)t;(void)a; }
+static void ptr_axis_discrete(void *d, struct wl_pointer *p, uint32_t a, int32_t v)
+{ (void)d;(void)p;(void)a;(void)v; }
+
+/* designated, so newer libwayland versions with extra axis events still
+   compile against this without a warning — we bind wl_seat at version 5,
+   where those events are never sent */
+static const struct wl_pointer_listener pointer_listener = {
+    .enter = ptr_enter, .leave = ptr_leave, .motion = ptr_motion,
+    .button = ptr_button, .axis = ptr_axis, .frame = ptr_frame,
+    .axis_source = ptr_axis_source, .axis_stop = ptr_axis_stop,
+    .axis_discrete = ptr_axis_discrete
+};
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------- keyboard */
+/* No libxkbcommon: the bar only ever looks for one key, so it compares the
+ * raw evdev keycode. That makes the binding layout independent — the key in
+ * the space bar's place, whatever your layout calls it. */
+
+static struct { const char *name; int code; } keycodes[] = {
+    { "space", 57 }, { "escape", 1 }, { "esc", 1 }, { "tab", 15 }, { "enter", 28 },
+    { "backspace", 14 }, { "minus", 12 }, { "grave", 41 }, { "backslash", 43 },
+    { "q", 16 }, { "w", 17 }, { "e", 18 }, { "r", 19 }, { "t", 20 }, { "y", 21 },
+    { "u", 22 }, { "i", 23 }, { "o", 24 }, { "p", 25 }, { "a", 30 }, { "s", 31 },
+    { "d", 32 }, { "f", 33 }, { "g", 34 }, { "h", 35 }, { "j", 36 }, { "k", 37 },
+    { "l", 38 }, { "z", 44 }, { "x", 45 }, { "c", 46 }, { "v", 47 }, { "b", 48 },
+    { "n", 49 }, { "m", 50 },
+    { "1", 2 }, { "2", 3 }, { "3", 4 }, { "4", 5 }, { "5", 6 }, { "6", 7 },
+    { "7", 8 }, { "8", 9 }, { "9", 10 }, { "0", 11 },
+    { "f1", 59 }, { "f2", 60 }, { "f3", 61 }, { "f4", 62 }, { "f5", 63 },
+    { "f6", 64 }, { "f7", 65 }, { "f8", 66 }, { "f9", 67 }, { "f10", 68 },
+    { "f11", 87 }, { "f12", 88 }, { NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+static int hide_keycode(void)
+{
+    if (cfg.hide_keycode > 0) return cfg.hide_keycode;
+    for (int i = 0; keycodes[i].name; ++i)
+        if (!strcasecmp(keycodes[i].name, cfg.hide_key)) return keycodes[i].code;
+    return 57;
+}
+
+static void kb_keymap(void *d, struct wl_keyboard *k, uint32_t fmt, int32_t fd, uint32_t sz)
+{ (void)d; (void)k; (void)fmt; (void)sz; if (fd >= 0) close(fd); }
+static void kb_enter(void *d, struct wl_keyboard *k, uint32_t s, struct wl_surface *su,
+                     struct wl_array *keys)
+{ (void)d;(void)k;(void)s;(void)su;(void)keys; }
+static void kb_leave(void *d, struct wl_keyboard *k, uint32_t s, struct wl_surface *su)
+{ (void)d;(void)k;(void)s;(void)su; }
+static void kb_modifiers(void *d, struct wl_keyboard *k, uint32_t s, uint32_t dep,
+                         uint32_t lat, uint32_t lock, uint32_t grp)
+{ (void)d;(void)k;(void)s;(void)dep;(void)lat;(void)lock;(void)grp; }
+static void kb_repeat(void *d, struct wl_keyboard *k, int32_t rate, int32_t delay)
+{ (void)d;(void)k;(void)rate;(void)delay; }
+
+static void kb_key(void *d, struct wl_keyboard *k, uint32_t serial, uint32_t t,
+                   uint32_t key, uint32_t state)
+{
+    (void)d; (void)k; (void)serial; (void)t;
+    if (state != WL_KEYBOARD_KEY_STATE_PRESSED) return;
+    if ((int)key != hide_keycode()) return;
+    Bar *b = pointer_bar;
+    if (b) bar_set_collapsed(b, !b->collapsed);
+}
+
+static const struct wl_keyboard_listener keyboard_listener = {
+    kb_keymap, kb_enter, kb_leave, kb_key, kb_modifiers, kb_repeat
+};
+
+static void seat_caps(void *d, struct wl_seat *s, uint32_t caps)
+{
+    (void)d;
+    if ((caps & WL_SEAT_CAPABILITY_POINTER) && !pointer) {
+        pointer = wl_seat_get_pointer(s);
+        wl_pointer_add_listener(pointer, &pointer_listener, NULL);
+    }
+    if ((caps & WL_SEAT_CAPABILITY_KEYBOARD) && !keyboard) {
+        keyboard = wl_seat_get_keyboard(s);
+        wl_keyboard_add_listener(keyboard, &keyboard_listener, NULL);
+    }
+}
+static void seat_name(void *d, struct wl_seat *s, const char *n) { (void)d;(void)s;(void)n; }
+static const struct wl_seat_listener seat_listener = { seat_caps, seat_name };
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------- registry */
+
+static uint32_t vmin(uint32_t a, uint32_t b) { return a < b ? a : b; }
+
+static void reg_global(void *d, struct wl_registry *r, uint32_t id,
+                       const char *iface, uint32_t ver)
+{
+    (void)d;
+    if (!strcmp(iface, wl_compositor_interface.name)) {
+        compositor = (struct wl_compositor *)wl_registry_bind(r, id, &wl_compositor_interface, vmin(ver, 4));
+    } else if (!strcmp(iface, wl_shm_interface.name)) {
+        shm = (struct wl_shm *)wl_registry_bind(r, id, &wl_shm_interface, 1);
+    } else if (!strcmp(iface, wl_seat_interface.name)) {
+        if (!seat) {
+            seat = (struct wl_seat *)wl_registry_bind(r, id, &wl_seat_interface, vmin(ver, 5));
+            wl_seat_add_listener(seat, &seat_listener, NULL);
+        }
+    } else if (!strcmp(iface, zwlr_layer_shell_v1_interface.name)) {
+        layer_shell = (struct zwlr_layer_shell_v1 *)
+            wl_registry_bind(r, id, &zwlr_layer_shell_v1_interface, vmin(ver, 4));
+    } else if (!strcmp(iface, wl_output_interface.name)) {
+        Output *o = NULL;
+        for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i)
+            if (!outputs[i].alive) { o = &outputs[i]; break; }
+        if (!o) {
+            if (output_count >= MAX_OUTPUTS) return;
+            o = &outputs[output_count++];
+        }
+        memset(o, 0, sizeof(*o));
+        o->id = id;
+        o->scale = 1;
+        o->alive = true;
+        o->wl = (struct wl_output *)wl_registry_bind(r, id, &wl_output_interface, vmin(ver, 4));
+        wl_output_add_listener(o->wl, &output_listener, o);
+    }
+}
+
+static void reg_remove(void *d, struct wl_registry *r, uint32_t id)
+{
+    (void)d; (void)r;
+    for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i) {
+        if (!outputs[i].alive || outputs[i].id != id) continue;
+        bar_destroy(&outputs[i]);
+        if (outputs[i].wl) wl_output_destroy(outputs[i].wl);
+        outputs[i].alive = false;
+        outputs[i].wl = NULL;
+        outputs[i].name[0] = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+static const struct wl_registry_listener registry_listener = { reg_global, reg_remove };
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ help */
+
+static void usage(void)
+{
+    fputs(
+"SwBr " SWBR_VERSION " (build " SWBR_BUILD ") — a floating layer-shell bar for Sway\n"
+"\n"
+"usage: swbr [key=value ...]\n"
+"       every config key also works as key=value, --key=value or -s key=value\n"
+"\n"
+"  --config PATH       read this file instead of the default\n"
+"  --dump-config       print a config file with all defaults, then exit\n"
+"  --probe             print outputs, sizes, font metrics and cell values\n"
+"  --slim              start folded (same as start_collapsed=1)\n"
+"  --msg TEXT          send a message to the running bar, then exit\n"
+"                      'warn: ..', 'error: ..', 'info: ..', or 'clear'\n"
+"  --help, --version\n"
+"\n"
+"config file: ${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-~/.config}/swbr/config\n"
+"\n"
+"placement\n"
+"  layer=top           background | bottom | top | overlay\n"
+"  position=top        top | bottom\n"
+"  height=0            bar height in logical px, 0 = derive from the font\n"
+"  exclusive=0         1 = reserve the space (windows tile below the bar)\n"
+"                      0 = float above them\n"
+"  margin=0            gap to the screen edge\n"
+"  side_margin=0       gap left and right\n"
+"  min_width=800       0 = span the whole output. Otherwise the bar floats\n"
+"                      and sizes itself to its content: never narrower than\n"
+"                      this, never wider than the screen. align_x places it\n"
+"  radius=14           corner radius; the two corners at the screen edge\n"
+"                      stay square\n"
+"  outputs=            comma separated output names, empty = every output\n"
+"\n"
+"workspaces\n"
+"  ws_names=0          0 = number only, 1 = the full workspace name\n"
+"  ws_pad=11 ws_gap=4 ws_min_w=0\n"
+"  ws_inset=0          gap above and below the buttons; >0 makes them pills\n"
+"  ws_radius=0         0 = square, the button spans the whole bar height\n"
+"                      -1 = a full pill when inset, else follows radius\n"
+"  ws_click=1          left click switches workspace\n"
+"  scroll_workspace=0  1 = the wheel switches workspaces\n"
+"  mode_show=1         show the binding mode (resize, ..)\n"
+"\n"
+"text\n"
+"  font=               .ttf path or a fontconfig family. Default: monospace\n"
+"  font_alt=           fallback font for glyphs the first one lacks\n"
+"  ui_scale=1.0 text_px=19 ws_px=19 pad_x=12 pad_right=20\n"
+"  text_y=-2           nudge every baseline, logical px, negative = up\n"
+"  markup=1            parse the pango subset (<span foreground=..>, &amp;)\n"
+"\n"
+"cells — the right hand side, one command per cell\n"
+"  cell=NAME           declare a cell; the order of these lines is the order\n"
+"                      the cells are drawn in, left to right\n"
+"  NAME.cmd=CMD        the shell command; its output is the cell text\n"
+"  NAME.interval=2     seconds between runs. 0 = run once, -1 = keep the\n"
+"                      command running and take every line it prints\n"
+"  NAME.fmt=%s C       %s is replaced by the output\n"
+"  NAME.color=b3c0cd   text colour\n"
+"  NAME.bg=            cell background\n"
+"  NAME.warn=>70:cecb00   recolour when the first number in the output is at\n"
+"  NAME.crit=<12:ff2222   or above (>) / at or below (<) the threshold\n"
+"  NAME.min_w=280      keep this width even when the text is shorter\n"
+"  NAME.max_w=0        clip beyond this width\n"
+"  NAME.align=right    left | center | right, inside min_w\n"
+"  NAME.pos=right      which group the cell joins: left | center | right\n"
+"  NAME.scroll=0       1 = a text cell: too long is cut with '..' and scrolls\n"
+"                      through while the pointer is on it. Pair with min_w\n"
+"  scroll_speed=45 scroll_pause=900\n"
+"\n"
+"layout — one line that places everything\n"
+"  bar={workspaces||cmus,volume,(clock,date)}\n"
+"    ||   splits groups: 1 = left, 2 = left+right, 3 = left+center+right\n"
+"    ,    separates items    (..)  glues items with no separator between\n"
+"    names are cell names plus the built-ins 'workspaces' and 'mode'\n"
+"  It sets position, order and separators, so keep it last in the config.\n"
+"  NAME.sep=1          draw the separator after this cell\n"
+"  NAME.hide_empty=1   no output = the cell and its separator disappear\n"
+"  NAME.empty=TEXT     drawn instead of hiding, so the area stays clickable\n"
+"  NAME.gap=           space after this cell; 0 glues it to the next one and\n"
+"                      equal background colours merge into a single box\n"
+"  NAME.pad=0          padding inside the cell, left and right\n"
+"  NAME.slim=auto      folded strip: auto | tick | bar | clock | presence\n"
+"                      | off. presence = a block in the running colour that\n"
+"                      is there only while the program is\n"
+"  NAME.slim_color=    override this cell's colour on the strip\n"
+"  NAME.slim_min=0 NAME.slim_max=100   the range a gauge maps\n"
+"  NAME.slim_w=0       width in the folded strip, 0 = the mode's default\n"
+"  NAME.markup=1       parse pango markup in this cell's output\n"
+"  NAME.button1=CMD    click this cell\n"
+"  cell_gap=14 cell_inset=3 cell_radius=5\n"
+"  separator=  separator_color=5a6b7aff\n"
+"\n"
+"status (used only when no cells are configured)\n"
+"  status_command=     shell command; every line it prints becomes the status\n"
+"  interval=1          seconds before restarting a command that exited\n"
+"\n"
+"messages\n"
+"  a fifo other programs can shout into, or `swbr --msg TEXT`\n"
+"  msg_fifo=           default $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/swbr.fifo\n"
+"  msg_target=         name of the cell a message takes over while it lasts\n"
+"  msg_timeout=8       seconds, 0 = until cleared. Click it to dismiss\n"
+"  msg_flash=1         paint the whole folded strip in the message colour\n"
+"  msg_info= msg_warn= msg_error=\n"
+"\n"
+"folding\n"
+"  hide_key=space      hover the bar and press this to fold it into a strip\n"
+"  hide_keycode=0      raw evdev code, overrides hide_key\n"
+"  hover_keys=1        grab the keyboard while the pointer is over the bar\n"
+"  collapsed_px=6      height of the folded strip, logical px\n"
+"  anim_ms=120         fold animation, 0 = instant\n"
+"  signals=1           the folded strip keeps saying something: a fixed slot\n"
+"                      per workspace, twelve dots for a clock cell, a gauge\n"
+"                      for anything with a percentage\n"
+"  slim_ws_slots=10    at most this many workspace slots\n"
+"  start_collapsed=0\n"
+"  SIGUSR1 folds or unfolds every bar:  pkill -USR1 swbr\n"
+"\n"
+"mouse\n"
+"  button1..button9=CMD   shell command per button (1 left, 2 middle,\n"
+"                         3 right, 4/5 wheel, 6/7 tilt, 8/9 side)\n"
+"\n"
+"colors (#rrggbb or #rrggbbaa)\n"
+"  bg text dim accent hl urgent outline\n"
+"  ws_bg ws_fg ws_focused_bg ws_focused_fg ws_visible_bg ws_visible_fg\n"
+"  ws_urgent_bg ws_urgent_fg mode_bg mode_fg\n"
+"  running             the folded strip's 'this program is up' colour\n", stdout);
+}
+
+static void print_color(const char *k, Col c)
+{
+    printf("%s=%02x%02x%02x%02x\n", k, c.r, c.g, c.b, c.a);
+}
+
+static void dump_config(void)
+{
+    Config c;
+    config_defaults(&c);
+    printf("# SwBr config  —  ~/.config/swbr/config\n"
+           "# One key=value per line. '#' starts a comment.\n"
+           "# Every key also works on the command line; command line wins.\n\n");
+    printf("# --- placement ---\n");
+    printf("layer=%s\nposition=%s\nheight=%d\nexclusive=%d\nmargin=%d\nside_margin=%d\n"
+           "min_width=%d\nalign_x=%s\nradius=%g\noutputs=%s\n",
+           c.layer, c.position, c.height, c.exclusive, c.margin, c.side_margin,
+           c.min_width, c.align_x, (double)c.radius, c.outputs);
+    printf("\n# --- workspaces ---\n");
+    printf("ws_names=%d\nws_pad=%d\nws_gap=%d\nws_min_w=%d\nws_inset=%d\nws_radius=%g\n"
+           "ws_click=%d\nscroll_workspace=%d\nmode_show=%d\n",
+           c.ws_names, c.ws_pad, c.ws_gap, c.ws_min_w, c.ws_inset, (double)c.ws_radius,
+           c.ws_click, c.scroll_workspace, c.mode_show);
+    printf("\n# --- text ---\n");
+    printf("# font=\n# font_alt=\nui_scale=%g\ntext_px=%g\nws_px=%g\ntext_y=%g\n"
+           "pad_x=%d\npad_right=%d\nmarkup=%d\nscroll_speed=%d\nscroll_pause=%d\n",
+           (double)c.ui_scale, (double)c.text_px, (double)c.ws_px, (double)c.text_y,
+           c.pad_x, c.pad_right, c.markup, c.scroll_speed, c.scroll_pause);
+    printf("\n# --- cells (the right hand side) ---\n");
+    printf("cell_gap=%d\ncell_inset=%d\ncell_radius=%g\nseparator=%s\n",
+           c.cell_gap, c.cell_inset, (double)c.cell_radius, c.separator);
+    print_color("separator_color", c.separator_color);
+    printf("# cell=clock\n# clock.cmd=date '+%%H:%%M'\n# clock.interval=10\n");
+    printf("\n# --- messages ---\n");
+    printf("# msg_fifo=\n# msg_target=cmus\nmsg_timeout=%d\nmsg_flash=%d\n",
+           c.msg_timeout, c.msg_flash);
+    print_color("msg_info", c.msg_info);
+    print_color("msg_warn", c.msg_warn);
+    print_color("msg_error", c.msg_error);
+    printf("\n# --- layout: keep this last, it places everything ---\n");
+    printf("# bar={workspaces||cmus,volume,(clock,date)}\n");
+    printf("\n# --- status (only when no cells are configured) ---\n");
+    printf("# status_command=~/bin/sway_bar_status.sh\ninterval=%d\n", c.interval);
+    printf("\n# --- folding ---\n");
+    printf("hide_key=%s\nhover_keys=%d\ncollapsed_px=%d\nanim_ms=%d\nsignals=%d\n"
+           "slim_ws_slots=%d\n"
+           "start_collapsed=%d\n",
+           c.hide_key, c.hover_keys, c.collapsed_px, c.anim_ms, c.signals,
+           c.slim_ws_slots, c.start_collapsed);
+    printf("\n# --- mouse ---\n# button2=cmus_control toggle\n");
+    printf("\n# --- colors ---\n");
+    print_color("bg", c.bg);
+    print_color("text", c.text);
+    print_color("dim", c.dim);
+    print_color("accent", c.accent);
+    print_color("hl", c.hl);
+    print_color("urgent", c.urgent);
+    print_color("running", c.running);
+    print_color("outline", c.outline);
+    print_color("ws_bg", c.ws_bg);
+    print_color("ws_fg", c.ws_fg);
+    print_color("ws_focused_bg", c.ws_focused_bg);
+    print_color("ws_focused_fg", c.ws_focused_fg);
+    print_color("ws_visible_bg", c.ws_visible_bg);
+    print_color("ws_visible_fg", c.ws_visible_fg);
+    print_color("ws_urgent_bg", c.ws_urgent_bg);
+    print_color("ws_urgent_fg", c.ws_urgent_fg);
+    print_color("mode_bg", c.mode_bg);
+    print_color("mode_fg", c.mode_fg);
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ main */
+
+static int  probe = 0;
+static int  cfg_start_collapsed_arg = 0;
+
+static void probe_report(void)
+{
+    printf("SwBr %s (build %s)\n", SWBR_VERSION, SWBR_BUILD);
+    printf("font          %s\n", *font_path_used ? font_path_used : "(none found)");
+    printf("font_alt      %s\n", *font_alt_used ? font_alt_used : "(none)");
+    printf("bar height    %d logical px  (height=%d text_px=%g ui_scale=%g)\n",
+           bar_height_logical(), cfg.height, (double)cfg.text_px, (double)cfg.ui_scale);
+    printf("min_width     %d  (0 = full output width)\n", cfg.min_width);
+    printf("outputs=      '%s'%s\n", cfg.outputs,
+           *cfg.outputs ? "  (only these get a bar)" : "  (every output)");
+    printf("position=%s layer=%s exclusive=%d cells=%d\n",
+           cfg.position, cfg.layer, cfg.exclusive, cfg.cell_count);
+    for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i) {
+        Output *o = &outputs[i];
+        if (!o->alive) continue;
+        printf("output %-10s scale %d  wanted %d  bar %s\n",
+               *o->name ? o->name : "(unnamed)", o->scale,
+               (int)output_wanted(o->name), o->bar ? "yes" : "NO");
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i) {
+        Output *o = &outputs[i];
+        if (!o->alive || !o->bar) continue;
+        Bar *b = o->bar;
+        Font *f = font_get((int)lroundf(cfg.text_px * cfg.ui_scale * b->scale));
+        printf("bar %-10s surface %dx%d logical, %dx%d px, scale %d\n",
+               o->name, b->w, b->h, b->bw, b->bh, b->scale);
+        if (cfg.min_width > 0 && b->bw > 0) {
+            Canvas probe_cv = { NULL, b->bw, b->bh, 0, 0, b->bw, b->bh };
+            printf("            content wants %d logical px (min_width %d)\n",
+                   bar_natural_width(b, &probe_cv, f,
+                                     (float)bar_height_logical() * b->scale,
+                                     (float)b->scale), cfg.min_width);
+        }
+        printf("            font px %d ascent %.1f lineh %.1f baseline %.1f of %d\n",
+               f->px, (double)f->ascent, (double)f->lineh,
+               (double)baseline_for(f, 0, (float)b->bh, (float)b->scale), b->bh);
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < cfg.cell_count; ++i) {
+        Cell *e = &cfg.cell[i];
+        printf("cell %-10s iv=%-3d min_w=%-4d sep=%d  '%s'\n",
+               e->name, e->interval, e->min_w, e->sep, e->out);
+    }
+    printf("folded strip (%d px), right side left to right:\n", cfg.collapsed_px);
+    for (int i = 0; i < layout_n[G_RIGHT]; ++i) {
+        Item *it = &layout_item[G_RIGHT][i];
+        if (it->kind != IT_CELL) continue;
+        Cell *e = &cfg.cell[it->cell];
+        if (!cell_visible(e) || !*e->out) { printf("  %-10s hidden\n", e->name); continue; }
+        int m = slim_mode(e);
+        Col c = cell_color(e);
+        float v = 0;
+        bool have = cell_number(e->out, &v);
+        const char *mn = m == SLIM_BAR ? "gauge" : m == SLIM_CLOCK ? "clock"
+                       : m == SLIM_OFF ? "off"
+                       : m == SLIM_PRESENCE ? "up" : "tick";
+        printf("  %-10s %-5s %3.0fpx %02x%02x%02x", e->name, mn,
+               (double)slim_width_of(e, m, 1.0f), c.r, c.g, c.b);
+        if (m == SLIM_BAR && have)
+            printf("  %.1f of %g..%g = %.0f%% full",
+                   (double)v, (double)e->slim_min, (double)e->slim_max,
+                   (double)(clampf((v - e->slim_min) / (e->slim_max - e->slim_min),
+                                   0.0f, 1.0f) * 100.0f));
+        printf("  '%s'\n", e->out);
+    }
+}
+
+/* one redraw when a timed message runs out */
+static bool msg_expiry_due(void)
+{
+    static bool was = false;
+    bool now_on = msg_active();
+    bool changed = was != now_on;
+    was = now_on;
+    return changed;
+}
+
+static volatile sig_atomic_t sig_toggle = 0, sig_quit = 0;
+
+static void on_signal(int s)
+{
+    if (s == SIGUSR1) sig_toggle = 1;
+    else sig_quit = 1;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    char cfgpath[PATH_MAX];
+    const char *xdg = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME"), *home = getenv("HOME");
+    if (xdg && *xdg) snprintf(cfgpath, sizeof(cfgpath), "%s/swbr/config", xdg);
+    else snprintf(cfgpath, sizeof(cfgpath), "%s/.config/swbr/config", home ? home : ".");
+
+    for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
+        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--config") && i + 1 < argc)
+            expand_tilde(argv[++i], cfgpath, sizeof(cfgpath));
+        else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--help") || !strcmp(argv[i], "-h")) { usage(); return 0; }
+        else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--version") || !strcmp(argv[i], "-v")) {
+            printf("SwBr %s (build %s)\n", SWBR_VERSION, SWBR_BUILD); return 0;
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--dump-config")) { dump_config(); return 0; }
+        else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--probe")) probe = 1;
+        else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--slim") || !strcmp(argv[i], "--collapsed"))
+            cfg_start_collapsed_arg = 1;
+    }
+
+    config_defaults(&cfg);
+    sw_shared_apply("swbr", config_set_shared, &cfg);   /* shared first */
+    config_load(&cfg, cfgpath);                         /* our own wins  */
+
+    for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i)                  /* talk to a running bar */
+        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--msg") || !strcmp(argv[i], "-m")) {
+            if (i + 1 >= argc) die("--msg needs a text ('warn: ..', 'clear')");
+            return msg_send(argv[i + 1]);
+        }
+
+    for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {                 /* command line wins */
+        const char *a = argv[i];
+        if (!strcmp(a, "--config")) { i++; continue; }
+        if (!strcmp(a, "--probe") || !strcmp(a, "--slim") ||
+            !strcmp(a, "--collapsed")) continue;
+        if (!strcmp(a, "-s") && i + 1 < argc) a = argv[++i];
+        else if (!strncmp(a, "--", 2)) a += 2;
+        char buf[4096];
+        str_set(buf, sizeof(buf), a);
+        char *eq = strchr(buf, '=');
+        if (!eq) continue;
+        *eq = 0;
+        config_set(&cfg, trim(buf), trim(eq + 1));
+    }
+
+    signal(SIGUSR1, on_signal);
+    signal(SIGINT, on_signal);
+    signal(SIGTERM, on_signal);
+    signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+    signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_IGN);
+
+    sway_fd = sway_connect();
+    if (sway_fd < 0) die("cannot reach sway (is SWAYSOCK set?)");
+    sway_subscribe_events();
+    ws_reload(cfg.ws_names != 0);
+
+    if (cfg_start_collapsed_arg) cfg.start_collapsed = 1;
+    layout_parse(cfg.layout);
+    fonts_init();
+
+    dpy = wl_display_connect(NULL);
+    if (!dpy) die("cannot connect to the wayland display");
+    registry = wl_display_get_registry(dpy);
+    wl_registry_add_listener(registry, &registry_listener, NULL);
+    wl_display_roundtrip(dpy);                       /* globals */
+    wl_display_roundtrip(dpy);                       /* output names, seats */
+
+    if (!compositor || !shm) die("compositor is missing wl_compositor/wl_shm");
+    if (!layer_shell) die("compositor does not support wlr-layer-shell");
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i)
+        if (outputs[i].alive && !outputs[i].bar) bar_create(&outputs[i]);
+
+    if (*cfg.status_command && !cfg.cell_count) status_spawn();
+    cells_tick();
+    msg_open();
+
+    if (probe) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 60; ++i) {          /* give the cells a moment */
+            cells_read();
+            usleep(20000);
+        }
+        wl_display_roundtrip(dpy);
+        probe_report();
+        cells_stop();
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    int wlfd = wl_display_get_fd(dpy);
+    while (running && !sig_quit) {
+        bool redraw = false;
+
+        if (sig_toggle) {
+            sig_toggle = 0;
+            bool any_open = false;
+            for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i)
+                if (outputs[i].bar && !outputs[i].bar->collapsed) any_open = true;
+            for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i)
+                if (outputs[i].bar) bar_set_collapsed(outputs[i].bar, any_open);
+            redraw = true;
+        }
+
+        if (sway_events_pending()) { ws_reload(cfg.ws_names != 0); redraw = true; }
+        if (status_read()) redraw = true;
+        cells_tick();
+        if (cells_read()) redraw = true;
+        if (msg_read()) redraw = true;
+        if (msg_expiry_due()) redraw = true;
+
+        if (status_fd < 0 && *cfg.status_command && status_next_spawn &&
+            (int32_t)(now_ms() - status_next_spawn) >= 0) {
+            status_next_spawn = 0;
+            status_spawn();
+        }
+
+        uint32_t t = now_ms();
+        bool animating = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i) {
+            Bar *b = outputs[i].bar;
+            if (!b) continue;
+            bar_anim_step(b, t);
+            if (bar_animating(b)) animating = true;
+        }
+        if (redraw) damage_all();
+
+        scroll_running = false;
+        for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i) {
+            Bar *b = outputs[i].bar;
+            if (b && b->dirty) bar_render(b);
+        }
+        if (scroll_running) damage_all();
+
+        while (wl_display_prepare_read(dpy) != 0) wl_display_dispatch_pending(dpy);
+        wl_display_flush(dpy);
+
+        struct pollfd pfd[4 + MAX_CELLS];
+        int n = 0;
+        pfd[n].fd = wlfd;        pfd[n].events = POLLIN; n++;
+        pfd[n].fd = sway_evt_fd; pfd[n].events = POLLIN; n++;
+        if (status_fd >= 0) { pfd[n].fd = status_fd; pfd[n].events = POLLIN; n++; }
+        if (msg_fd >= 0) { pfd[n].fd = msg_fd; pfd[n].events = POLLIN; n++; }
+        for (int i = 0; i < cfg.cell_count; ++i)
+            if (cfg.cell[i].fd >= 0) { pfd[n].fd = cfg.cell[i].fd; pfd[n].events = POLLIN; n++; }
+
+        int timeout = -1;
+        if (animating || scroll_running) timeout = 16;
+        else if (cfg.cell_count || msg_until) timeout = 100;
+        else if (status_fd < 0 && *cfg.status_command) timeout = 100;
+        else {
+            bool any_dirty = false;
+            for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i)
+                if (outputs[i].bar && outputs[i].bar->dirty) any_dirty = true;
+            if (any_dirty) timeout = 16;
+        }
+
+        int pr = poll(pfd, (nfds_t)n, timeout);
+        if (pr < 0 && errno != EINTR) { wl_display_cancel_read(dpy); break; }
+
+        if (pfd[0].revents & POLLIN) {
+            if (wl_display_read_events(dpy) < 0) break;
+        } else {
+            wl_display_cancel_read(dpy);
+        }
+        if (wl_display_dispatch_pending(dpy) < 0) break;
+        if ((pfd[0].revents & (POLLERR | POLLHUP)) != 0) break;
+    }
+
+    status_stop();
+    cells_stop();
+    if (msg_fd >= 0) { close(msg_fd); unlink(msg_path); }
+    for (int i = 0; i < output_count; ++i) bar_destroy(&outputs[i]);
+    if (dpy) { wl_display_flush(dpy); wl_display_disconnect(dpy); }
+    if (sway_fd >= 0) close(sway_fd);
+    if (sway_evt_fd >= 0) close(sway_evt_fd);
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/swov.c b/swov.c
index 40fe9da..a774692 100644
--- a/swov.c
+++ b/swov.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <signal.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
@@ -40,8 +41,13 @@
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
+#include "sw_theme.h"
+
 #define APP_ID          "swov"
 #define SWOV_VERSION    "1.2"
+#ifndef SWOV_BUILD                 /* set by the Makefile: md5 of this file */
+#define SWOV_BUILD "unknown"
+#endif
 #define MAX_WINDOWS     512
 #define MAX_WORKSPACES  64
 #define MAX_DESKTOPS    4096
@@ -220,6 +226,10 @@ typedef struct {
     int   shadow_layers;
     int   usage_dots;        /* dot scale down the left edge of a tile     */
     int   track;             /* record how long each workspace is used     */
+    int   back_scope;        /* -b: 0 global, 1 this monitor, 2 sway's own */
+    int   blur;              /* --backdrop only: 0 off, 1..3 how soft       */
+    int   cpu;               /* the load dot on a tile, measured by swbr    */
+    float cpu_min, cpu_full; /* under min nothing shows; full = fully hot   */
     int   dot_count;         /* how many dots the scale has                */
     float dot_px;            /* dot diameter                               */
     float anim_ms;           /* tile glide duration, 0 disables            */
@@ -267,6 +277,11 @@ static Cfg cfg_defaults(void)
     c.shadow_layers = 3;
     c.usage_dots = 1;
     c.track      = 1;
+    c.back_scope = 0;        /* global: go back to where I just was */
+    c.blur       = 2;
+    c.cpu        = 1;
+    c.cpu_min    = 4.0f;
+    c.cpu_full   = 60.0f;
     c.dot_count  = 14;
     c.dot_px     = 5.0f;
     c.anim_ms = 160.0f;
@@ -351,6 +366,14 @@ static void cfg_set(Cfg *c, const char *k, const char *v)
     else if (key_is(k,"dot_count"))     c->dot_count = atoi(v);
     else if (key_is(k,"dot_px"))        c->dot_px = (float)atof(v);
     else if (key_is(k,"track"))         c->track = atoi(v) != 0;
+    else if (key_is(k,"cpu"))       c->cpu = atoi(v) != 0;
+    else if (key_is(k,"cpu_min"))   c->cpu_min = (float)atof(v);
+    else if (key_is(k,"cpu_full"))  c->cpu_full = (float)atof(v);
+    else if (key_is(k,"blur")) {
+        c->blur = atoi(v); if (c->blur < 0) c->blur = 0; if (c->blur > 3) c->blur = 3;
+    }
+    else if (key_is(k,"back") || key_is(k,"back_scope"))
+        c->back_scope = key_is(v,"output") ? 1 : key_is(v,"sway") ? 2 : 0;
     else if (key_is(k,"anim_ms") || key_is(k,"animation")) c->anim_ms = (float)atof(v);
     else if (key_is(k,"start_selection")) {
         c->start_selection = key_is(v,"none") ? 0 : key_is(v,"window") ? 2 : 1;
@@ -388,6 +411,12 @@ static void cfg_set(Cfg *c, const char *k, const char *v)
     else fprintf(stderr, "swov: unknown config key '%s' (ignored)\n", k);
 }
 
+/* the shared ~/.config/sw/config, translated into swov's own keys */
+static void cfg_set_shared(void *ud, const char *k, const char *v)
+{
+    cfg_set((Cfg *)ud, k, v);
+}
+
 static char *expand_tilde(const char *p)
 {
     if (p && p[0] == '~' && (p[1] == '/' || p[1] == 0)) {
@@ -420,6 +449,7 @@ static bool cfg_load_file(Cfg *c, const char *path)
 
 static char  CFG_PATH[512];
 static bool  CFG_LOADED;
+static bool  SHARED_LOADED;
 
 static char *default_config_path(void)
 {
@@ -1052,9 +1082,10 @@ static void usage_switch(const char *to, const char *out, int num)
     usage_save();
 }
 
-/* The workspace we were on before this one, on this monitor. sway's own
- * back_and_forth is global: with two screens it happily throws focus onto the
- * other one, which is never what "go back" means while working on this one. */
+/* The workspace we were on before this one. With `output` set, only the ones
+ * on that monitor count (back=output); with NULL, the most recent anywhere
+ * wins (back=global, the default), so leaving a monitor and coming back is a
+ * toggle instead of a jump into that monitor's own history. */
 static bool last_workspace_here(const char *output, const char *current,
                                 char *out, size_t cap, int *num)
 {
@@ -1092,9 +1123,332 @@ static void focused_workspace(char *name, size_t ncap, char *output, size_t ocap
     jfree(r);
 }
 
+static bool  node_is_view(const JV *n);
+static char *escape_arg(const char *s);
+
+static bool  ADOPT_LOG;               /* --adopt-debug: say what is happening */
+
+
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------- workspaces / adopt
+ * Two one-shot modes that need no window, no font and no renderer. They are
+ * what a launcher talks to: --workspaces to know where a window could go,
+ * --adopt to put one there once it shows up.
+ */
+
+/* `num  name  output  flags`, tab separated, one workspace per line. */
+static int print_workspaces(void)
+{
+    JV *r = sway_query(IPC_GET_WORKSPACES);
+    if (!r || r->type != J_ARR) { jfree(r); return 1; }
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < r->count; ++i) {
+        const JV *w = r->items[i];
+        char flags[64] = "";
+        if (jbool(w, "focused", false)) strcat(flags, "focused,");
+        if (jbool(w, "visible", false)) strcat(flags, "visible,");
+        if (jbool(w, "urgent",  false)) strcat(flags, "urgent,");
+        size_t n = strlen(flags);
+        if (n) flags[n - 1] = 0; else str_set(flags, sizeof(flags), "-");
+
+        printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%s\n", jint(w, "num", -1), jstr(w, "name", ""),
+               jstr(w, "output", ""), flags);
+    }
+    jfree(r);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* Is `pid` the process we launched, or something it started? A launcher that
+ * goes through a shell, or an app that re-execs itself, would not match on
+ * the pid alone. */
+static bool pid_descends_from(int pid, int ancestor)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < 8 && pid > 1; ++i) {
+        if (pid == ancestor) return true;
+
+        char path[64];
+        snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%d/stat", pid);
+        FILE *f = fopen(path, "r");
+        if (!f) return false;
+
+        /* comm can hold spaces and brackets, so start after the last ')' */
+        char buf[512];
+        size_t got = fread(buf, 1, sizeof(buf) - 1, f);
+        fclose(f);
+        buf[got] = 0;
+
+        char *close = strrchr(buf, ')');
+        int ppid = 0;
+        if (!close || sscanf(close + 1, " %*c %d", &ppid) != 1) return false;
+        pid = ppid;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+/* the container id of the first view belonging to `pid`, or -1 */
+static int find_view_of_pid(const JV *node, int pid)
+{
+    if (!node || node->type != J_OBJ) return -1;
+
+    if (node_is_view(node)) {
+        int p = jint(node, "pid", -1);
+        if (p > 0 && pid_descends_from(p, pid)) return jint(node, "id", -1);
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < node->count; ++i) {
+        const JV *kid = node->items[i];
+        if (!kid) continue;
+        if (kid->type == J_ARR) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < kid->count; ++j) {
+                int id = find_view_of_pid(kid->items[j], pid);
+                if (id >= 0) return id;
+            }
+        } else if (kid->type == J_OBJ) {
+            int id = find_view_of_pid(kid, pid);
+            if (id >= 0) return id;
+        }
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/* Tell sway where the window this process is about to open belongs, before it
+ * opens. sway consults `assign` in select_workspace(), which runs before the
+ * container is put anywhere, so the window never appears on the workspace you
+ * are looking at and nothing there is rearranged. Without this the window
+ * lands here first, the layout shuffles, and only then does it move.
+ *
+ * The rule stays for the rest of the sway session — there is no unassign —
+ * but it is tied to one pid, so it does nothing after that process is gone. */
+static void assign_pid_to_ws(int pid, const char *ws)
+{
+    if (str_all_digits(ws)) {
+        sway_cmd("assign [pid=%d] workspace number %s", pid, ws);
+    } else {
+        char *e = escape_arg(ws);
+        sway_cmd("assign [pid=%d] workspace \"%s\"", pid, e);
+        free(e);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Every process descending from `root`, so the rule can be put in front of
+ * whichever one ends up owning the window. A launcher, a wrapper script or an
+ * app that forks and lets the parent go leaves the window belonging to a pid
+ * we were never told about, and an assign rule for the pid we started is then
+ * matched by nothing. */
+static int sweep_descendants(int root, int *out, int cap)
+{
+    DIR *d = opendir("/proc");
+    if (!d) return 0;
+
+    int n = 0;
+    struct dirent *e;
+    while ((e = readdir(d)) && n < cap) {
+        if (!str_all_digits(e->d_name)) continue;
+        int pid = atoi(e->d_name);
+        if (pid <= 1 || pid == root) continue;
+        if (pid_descends_from(pid, root)) out[n++] = pid;
+    }
+    closedir(d);
+    return n;
+}
+
+/* every view in the tree, so a window that turns up later can be spotted */
+static void collect_view_ids(const JV *node, int *ids, int *n, int cap)
+{
+    if (!node || node->type != J_OBJ || *n >= cap) return;
+    if (node_is_view(node)) {
+        int id = jint(node, "id", -1);
+        if (id >= 0) ids[(*n)++] = id;
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < node->count; ++i) {
+        const JV *kid = node->items[i];
+        if (!kid) continue;
+        if (kid->type == J_ARR)
+            for (int j = 0; j < kid->count; ++j) collect_view_ids(kid->items[j], ids, n, cap);
+        else if (kid->type == J_OBJ)
+            collect_view_ids(kid, ids, n, cap);
+    }
+}
+
+static int find_new_view(const JV *node, const int *known, int nknown)
+{
+    int ids[512], n = 0;
+    collect_view_ids(node, ids, &n, (int)SDL_arraysize(ids));
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+        bool seen = false;
+        for (int j = 0; j < nknown; ++j) if (known[j] == ids[i]) { seen = true; break; }
+        if (!seen) return ids[i];
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/* Wait for the window `pid` opens, then put it where it was dropped. sway has
+ * no "run this on workspace N", so this is the only way to land an app
+ * somewhere else without switching there first and switching back.
+ *
+ * The pid is the first thing we look for, but it is not reliable on its own:
+ * a launcher, a wrapper script or an app that re-execs leaves the window
+ * belonging to a process whose parent chain no longer leads back to us. So we
+ * also watch for a view that simply was not there when we started — the one
+ * the drop just asked for. */
+static int adopt_window(int pid, const char *ws, double timeout, bool focus,
+                        int beside, const char *edge, bool no_assign)
+{
+    double deadline = now_secs() + timeout;
+    int    con_id   = -1;
+
+    int assigned[24], nassigned = 0;
+    if (!no_assign) {
+        assign_pid_to_ws(pid, ws);                /* before anything maps */
+        assigned[nassigned++] = pid;
+    }
+
+    int known[512], nknown = 0;
+    JV *first = sway_query(IPC_GET_TREE);
+    if (first) { collect_view_ids(first, known, &nknown, (int)SDL_arraysize(known)); jfree(first); }
+    if (ADOPT_LOG) fprintf(stderr, "swov: adopt pid %d -> ws %s (%d views now)\n",
+                           pid, ws, nknown);
+
+    double started = now_secs();
+    int    ticks = 0;
+
+    while (now_secs() < deadline) {
+        struct timespec ts = { 0, 40 * 1000000L };
+        nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
+        ticks++;
+
+        /* Keep putting the rule in front of anything the app starts, for the
+         * first few seconds. Every one of these is a pid that could be the
+         * one sway ends up seeing. */
+        if (!no_assign && nassigned < (int)SDL_arraysize(assigned) &&
+            now_secs() - started < 4.0) {
+            int kids[64];
+            int nk = sweep_descendants(pid, kids, (int)SDL_arraysize(kids));
+            for (int i = 0; i < nk && nassigned < (int)SDL_arraysize(assigned); ++i) {
+                bool seen = false;
+                for (int j = 0; j < nassigned; ++j)
+                    if (assigned[j] == kids[i]) { seen = true; break; }
+                if (seen) continue;
+                assign_pid_to_ws(kids[i], ws);
+                assigned[nassigned++] = kids[i];
+                if (ADOPT_LOG) fprintf(stderr, "swov: also assigned pid %d\n", kids[i]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (ticks % 3) continue;                  /* look at the tree at 8 Hz */
+
+        JV *tree = sway_query(IPC_GET_TREE);
+        if (!tree) continue;
+        con_id = find_view_of_pid(tree, pid);
+        if (con_id < 0) con_id = find_new_view(tree, known, nknown);
+        jfree(tree);
+
+        if (con_id >= 0) break;
+        if (kill(pid, 0) != 0 && errno == ESRCH && now_secs() - started > 3.0) {
+            if (ADOPT_LOG) fprintf(stderr, "swov: adopt gave up, pid %d is gone\n", pid);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    if (con_id < 0) {
+        if (ADOPT_LOG) fprintf(stderr, "swov: adopt found no window for pid %d\n", pid);
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if (ADOPT_LOG) fprintf(stderr, "swov: adopt window con_id %d\n", con_id);
+
+    /* If it did land here after all, float it first: a tiled window leaving a
+     * workspace makes everything left behind reflow, and that is the flash
+     * the assign rule is there to avoid. Floating, moving and tiling again
+     * touches only the workspace it ends up on. */
+    bool ok;
+    sway_cmd("[con_id=%d] floating enable", con_id);
+    if (str_all_digits(ws)) {
+        ok = sway_cmd("[con_id=%d] move container to workspace number %s", con_id, ws);
+    } else {
+        char *e = escape_arg(ws);
+        ok = sway_cmd("[con_id=%d] move container to workspace \"%s\"", con_id, e);
+        free(e);
+    }
+    sway_cmd("[con_id=%d] floating disable", con_id);
+
+    /* and then next to the window it was dropped on, splitting the way the
+     * pointer said — the same three commands a drag inside swov uses */
+    if (ok && beside > 0 && edge) {
+        bool horiz = !strcmp(edge, "left") || !strcmp(edge, "right");
+        sway_cmd("[con_id=%d] mark --add _swov_drop", beside);
+        sway_cmd("[con_id=%d] split %s", beside, horiz ? "h" : "v");
+        sway_cmd("[con_id=%d] move container to mark _swov_drop", con_id);
+        if (!strcmp(edge, "left") || !strcmp(edge, "top"))
+            sway_cmd("[con_id=%d] move %s", con_id, horiz ? "left" : "up");
+        sway_cmd("unmark _swov_drop");
+        if (ADOPT_LOG) fprintf(stderr, "swov: placed %s of con_id %d\n", edge, beside);
+    }
+
+    if (ok && focus) {
+        if (str_all_digits(ws)) sway_cmd("workspace number %s", ws);
+        else {
+            char *e = escape_arg(ws);
+            sway_cmd("workspace --no-auto-back-and-forth \"%s\"", e);
+            free(e);
+        }
+    }
+    return ok ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
 /* --------------------------------------------------------------- globals */
 
 static Cfg           C;
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------- cpu per workspace
+ * swbr measures it — a rate needs two samples seconds apart, and swov is only
+ * on screen for a moment — and leaves the answer here. If swbr is not running
+ * the file is stale or missing and nothing is drawn. */
+typedef struct { char name[64]; float pct; } CpuWs;
+static CpuWs  CPU[64];
+static int    NCPU;
+
+static void cpu_load(void)
+{
+    NCPU = 0;
+    if (!C.cpu) return;
+
+    char path[512];
+    const char *rt = getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR");
+    if (rt && *rt) snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/swbr-cpu", rt);
+    else {
+        const char *home = getenv("HOME");
+        if (!home) return;
+        snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/.cache/swbr-cpu", home);
+    }
+
+    struct stat st;
+    if (stat(path, &st) != 0) return;
+    if (time(NULL) - st.st_mtime > 30) return;     /* nobody is measuring */
+
+    FILE *f = fopen(path, "r");
+    if (!f) return;
+    char line[256];
+    while (NCPU < (int)SDL_arraysize(CPU) && fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
+        char *tab = strchr(line, '\t');
+        if (!tab) continue;
+        *tab = 0;
+        str_set(CPU[NCPU].name, sizeof(CPU[0].name), line);
+        CPU[NCPU].pct = (float)atof(tab + 1);
+        NCPU++;
+    }
+    fclose(f);
+}
+
+/* how busy, 0..1, or -1 when there is nothing worth drawing */
+static float cpu_frac(const char *ws_name)
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < NCPU; ++i) {
+        if (strcmp(CPU[i].name, ws_name)) continue;
+        if (CPU[i].pct < C.cpu_min) return -1.0f;
+        float span = C.cpu_full - C.cpu_min;
+        float f = span > 0.0f ? (CPU[i].pct - C.cpu_min) / span : 1.0f;
+        return SDL_clamp(f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+    }
+    return -1.0f;
+}
 static SDL_Renderer *REN;
 static TTF_Font     *F_BADGE;   /* workspace number            */
 static TTF_Font     *F_LABEL;   /* app name on a window card   */
@@ -1821,7 +2175,10 @@ typedef struct {
     int   ntop;
 
     SDL_FRect tile, screen;    /* layout (render pixels) */
-    SDL_FRect title_box;       /* the clickable name area in the header */
+    SDL_FRect title_box;       /* where the name is drawn in the header      */
+    SDL_FRect title_hit;       /* its middle half: clicking there renames.
+                                * The quarter to the left and to the right
+                                * selects the workspace, like the tile. */
     SDL_FRect tile_from;       /* where this tile animates from */
     Tex   badge, sub, title;
 } Ws;
@@ -2711,7 +3068,9 @@ static void layout(void)
         float left  = ws->tile.x + p + (ws->sub.t ? (float)ws->sub.w : 0.0f) + p;
         float right = ws->tile.x + ws->tile.w - p -
                       (ws->badge.t ? (float)ws->badge.w : 0.0f) - p;
-        ws->title_box = (SDL_FRect){ left, ws->tile.y, SDL_max(right - left, 0.0f), head_h };
+        float w = SDL_max(right - left, 0.0f);
+        ws->title_box = (SDL_FRect){ left, ws->tile.y, w, head_h };
+        ws->title_hit = (SDL_FRect){ left + w * 0.25f, ws->tile.y, w * 0.5f, head_h };
     }
 }
 
@@ -2748,12 +3107,21 @@ static void select_ws(int idx, bool keep_window)
     }
 }
 
+/* A workspace is worth stepping to while a query is up if something on it
+ * matched, or if its own name did — an empty workspace called "mail" is a
+ * hit for "mail" even though it has no windows to mark. */
+static bool ws_is_hit(const Ws *ws)
+{
+    if (qlen == 0) return true;
+    if (ci_contains(ws->name, query)) return true;
+    return ws_first_visible_match(ws) >= 0;
+}
+
 static void step_ws(int dir)
 {
     for (int i = 1; i <= NWS; ++i) {
         int cand = (((sel_ws + dir * i) % NWS) + NWS) % NWS;
-        if (qlen == 0 || WSS[cand].count == 0) { select_ws(cand, false); return; }
-        if (ws_first_visible(&WSS[cand]) >= 0) { select_ws(cand, false); return; }
+        if (ws_is_hit(&WSS[cand])) { select_ws(cand, false); return; }
     }
 }
 
@@ -3488,6 +3856,31 @@ static void draw_workspace(int idx)
 
     tex_draw(ws->badge, tile.x + tile.w - p - (float)ws->badge.w, top, num_col);
 
+    /* How busy that workspace is, as a moon filling from the bottom: barely
+     * there when it is idle, whole when something is working. Held back
+     * towards the tile colour, because it is not what the tile is about. */
+    float load = cpu_frac(ws->name);
+    if (load >= 0.0f) {
+        SDL_FColor hot = load < 0.5f ? mix(C.current, C.hl, load * 2.0f)
+                                     : mix(C.hl, C.urgent, (load - 0.5f) * 2.0f);
+        SDL_FColor lc = with_alpha(mix(C.dim, hot, 0.45f + 0.4f * load),
+                                   0.55f + 0.35f * load);
+        float d  = SDL_max(4.0f * SC, (float)ws->badge.h * 0.26f);
+        float dx = tile.x + tile.w - p - (float)ws->badge.w - d - 5.0f * SC;
+        float dy = top + (float)ws->badge.h * 0.5f - d * 0.5f;
+
+        fill_round_rect((SDL_FRect){ dx, dy, d, d }, d * 0.5f,
+                        with_alpha(lc, lc.a * 0.4f));      /* the whole disc */
+
+        float lit = d * (0.15f + 0.85f * load);            /* and how full   */
+        SDL_Rect clip = { (int)dx, (int)(dy + d - lit), (int)(d + 1.0f), (int)(lit + 1.0f) };
+        SDL_Rect prev;
+        bool had = SDL_GetRenderClipRect(REN, &prev) && SDL_RenderClipEnabled(REN);
+        SDL_SetRenderClipRect(REN, &clip);
+        fill_round_rect((SDL_FRect){ dx, dy, d, d }, d * 0.5f, lc);
+        SDL_SetRenderClipRect(REN, had ? &prev : NULL);
+    }
+
     float count_right = tile.x + p;
     if (ws->sub.t) {
         float base = top + ((float)ws->badge.h - (float)ws->sub.h) * 0.62f;
@@ -3779,6 +4172,7 @@ static void render(void)
 
 static bool running = true;
 static bool dirty   = true;      /* a frame is only drawn when this is set */
+static bool BACKDROP;            /* drawn behind another program's window   */
 
 static void reload_model(void)
 {
@@ -3795,7 +4189,13 @@ static void reload_model(void)
     for (int i = 0; i < NWIN && nmarks < MAX_WINDOWS; ++i)
         if (WINS[i].marked) marks[nmarks++] = WINS[i].con_id;
 
-    if (!model_reload()) { running = false; return; }
+    if (!model_reload()) {
+        /* The tree is being read while sway is busy starting something; a
+         * miss is not a reason to disappear. The overlay quits over it, the
+         * backdrop keeps what it had and tries again on the next event. */
+        if (!BACKDROP) running = false;
+        return;
+    }
 
     for (int i = 0; i < NWIN; ++i)
         for (int j = 0; j < nmarks; ++j)
@@ -3810,6 +4210,7 @@ static void reload_model(void)
             if (WINS[WSS[i].first + j].con_id == keep_con) { sel_ws = i; WSS[i].sel = j; }
     }
 
+    cpu_load();                  /* whatever swbr last measured */
     layout();
     apply_filter();
     rebuild_chrome();
@@ -3998,6 +4399,24 @@ static SDL_Texture *TARGET;
 static SDL_Cursor  *CUR_ARROW, *CUR_HAND;
 static float        MOUSE_SCALE = 1.0f;
 
+/* --- backdrop: swov drawn behind another program's window ---------------
+ * No input of its own; a launcher in front sends pointer positions on stdin
+ * and gets back the workspace under them. It fades in so that picking an app
+ * before the tree is even read shows nothing at all, rather than a frame that
+ * flashes into view. */
+static bool  BACKDROP;
+static float BACKDROP_A;              /* what is drawn now, 0..1 */
+static float BACKDROP_WANT = 1.0f;    /* where it is heading      */
+static bool  BACKDROP_LEAVING;
+static bool  BACKDROP_LOG;            /* --backdrop-debug: narrate to stderr */
+static char  RAISE_APP[64];           /* who to put back on top of us */
+static int   RAISE_LEFT;
+static double RAISE_AT;
+static float BLUR_NOW  = 1.0f;        /* 1 = as soft as `blur` says, 0 = sharp */
+static float BLUR_WANT = 1.0f;        /* a drag sharpens it, so you can aim    */
+static SDL_Texture *BLUR_HALF, *BLUR_SMALL;
+static int   BLUR_W, BLUR_H;
+
 static void usage(void)
 {
     printf(
@@ -4006,6 +4425,22 @@ static void usage(void)
 "usage: swov [options] [key=value ...]\n"
 "  -g, --go N|NAME     switch to that workspace and exit, without a window\n"
 "  -b, --back          switch to the previously used workspace and exit\n"
+"      --workspaces    print the workspaces as num/name/output/flags, and exit\n"
+"      --adopt PID WS  wait for the window PID opens, move it to workspace WS\n"
+"                      and exit. It tells sway where that window belongs\n"
+"                      before it opens, so nothing flashes onto the workspace\n"
+"                      you are on; --no-assign leaves that out.\n"
+"                      --beside CON_ID --edge left|right|top|bottom\n"
+"                      puts it next to that window instead of at the end,\n"
+"                      --adopt-debug says what it is doing\n"
+"                      and exit. Runs in the background; --adopt-wait keeps it\n"
+"                      in the foreground, --adopt-focus also switches there,\n"
+"                      --adopt-timeout SECS gives up after that (default 20)\n"
+"      --backdrop-debug  the same, narrating the conversation to stderr\n"
+"      --backdrop      draw the overview behind another window, taking no\n"
+"                      input of its own: it fades in, and reads commands on\n"
+"                      stdin (hover FX FY, drag on|off, fade in|out, quit).\n"
+"                      This is what appwheel puts behind its wheel\n"
 "      --usage         print how long each workspace has been used, and exit\n"
 "      --info          print every path and setting swov is using, and exit\n"
 "  -c, --config PATH   read this config file instead of the default\n"
@@ -4059,7 +4494,7 @@ static bool create_target(void)
     int ssaa = C.ssaa;
     while (ssaa > 1 && (long long)pw * ph * ssaa * ssaa > 34000000LL) ssaa--;
 
-    if (ssaa > 1) {
+    if (ssaa > 1 || BACKDROP) {
         TARGET = SDL_CreateTexture(REN, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_RGBA32,
                                    SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_TARGET, pw * ssaa, ph * ssaa);
         if (TARGET) {
@@ -4159,8 +4594,12 @@ static void handle_key(const SDL_KeyboardEvent *k)
             return;
         case SDLK_RETURN:
         case SDLK_KP_ENTER:
-            if (NWS > 0 && WSS[sel_ws].count > 0) act_focus_window(ws_sel_win(&WSS[sel_ws]));
-            else running = false;
+            /* the same rule as outside a search: a window if one is picked,
+             * otherwise the workspace itself. Tab leaves no window picked,
+             * and enter has to keep working after it. */
+            if (NWS == 0) { running = false; return; }
+            if (ws_sel_win(&WSS[sel_ws])) act_focus_window(ws_sel_win(&WSS[sel_ws]));
+            else                          act_goto_workspace(&WSS[sel_ws]);
             return;
         case SDLK_BACKSPACE:
             while (qlen > 0) {                     /* drop one code point */
@@ -4330,7 +4769,7 @@ static void handle_mouse_press(const SDL_MouseButtonEvent *b)
     if (editing) end_edit(true);                   /* a click elsewhere commits */
 
     if (b->button == SDL_BUTTON_LEFT && ws_idx >= 0 && win_idx < 0) {
-        SDL_FRect tb = WSS[ws_idx].title_box;
+        SDL_FRect tb = WSS[ws_idx].title_hit;
         if (mx >= tb.x && mx < tb.x + tb.w && my >= tb.y && my < tb.y + tb.h) {
             sel_active = true;
             sel_ws = ws_idx;
@@ -4449,6 +4888,23 @@ static void handle_event(const SDL_Event *e)
      * what is under the cursor. Everything else is a real state change. */
     if (e->type != SDL_EVENT_MOUSE_MOTION) dirty = true;
 
+    if (BACKDROP) {
+        /* the window in front owns the pointer and the keyboard; all we do is
+         * follow the size of the screen and the commands on stdin */
+        switch (e->type) {
+        case SDL_EVENT_QUIT:
+            running = false;
+            break;
+        case SDL_EVENT_WINDOW_PIXEL_SIZE_CHANGED:
+        case SDL_EVENT_WINDOW_RESIZED:
+            if (create_target()) { layout(); rebuild_chrome(); }
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
     switch (e->type) {
     case SDL_EVENT_QUIT:
         running = false;
@@ -4522,6 +4978,246 @@ static void handle_event(const SDL_Event *e)
     }
 }
 
+/* ------------------------------------------------------- backdrop commands
+ * One line in, one line out, on stdin and stdout. Coordinates are fractions
+ * of the window, so the program in front never has to know how big we are or
+ * which monitor we picked.
+ *
+ *   drag on|off      make the free numbers appear as tiles, or put them away
+ *   hover FX FY      -> "target N", "target NAME" or "target none"
+ *   fade in|out      blend the overview in or out
+ *   quit             fade out and leave
+ *   (end of input)   the same as quit: the parent is gone
+ */
+static void backdrop_reply(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    vprintf(fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    fputc('\n', stdout);
+    fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+static void backdrop_hover(float fx, float fy)
+{
+    float x = fx * (float)RW, y = fy * (float)RH;
+
+    int si = slot_at(x, y);
+    if (si >= 0 && SLOTS[si].ws < 0) {            /* a free number */
+        sel_active = false;
+        drop_kind  = DROP_WIN_NEWWS;              /* the ghost lights up */
+        drop_num   = SLOTS[si].num;
+        drag_active = true;
+        dirty = true;
+        backdrop_reply("target %d", SLOTS[si].num);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    int ws_idx = -1;
+    int win_idx = hit_test(x, y, &ws_idx);
+    drag_active = false;
+    drop_kind = DROP_NONE;
+
+    if (ws_idx < 0) {
+        sel_active = false;
+        dirty = true;
+        backdrop_reply("target none");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    sel_active = true;                            /* the selection cursor */
+    sel_ws = ws_idx;
+    WSS[ws_idx].sel = -1;
+    dirty = true;
+
+    /* Over a window, the pointer picks a side of it, exactly as dragging a
+     * window inside swov does: the bar shows where it will land, and the app
+     * is placed there once it opens. */
+    char place[64] = "";
+    if (win_idx >= 0) {
+        static const char *EDGE_NAME[] = { "left", "right", "top", "bottom" };
+        int e = edge_at(WINS[win_idx].card, x, y);
+        drag_active = true;
+        drop_kind   = DROP_WIN_NEAR;
+        drop_win    = win_idx;
+        drop_ws     = ws_idx;
+        drop_edge   = e;
+        snprintf(place, sizeof(place), " beside %d %s",
+                 WINS[win_idx].con_id, EDGE_NAME[e]);
+    }
+
+    const char *here = WSS[ws_idx].focused ? " current" : "";
+    if (WSS[ws_idx].num >= 0)
+        backdrop_reply("target %d%s%s", WSS[ws_idx].num, here, place);
+    else
+        backdrop_reply("target %s%s%s", WSS[ws_idx].name, here, place);
+}
+
+/* returns false when the channel is done with */
+static bool backdrop_command(char *line)
+{
+    char *nl = strchr(line, '\n');
+    if (nl) *nl = 0;
+    if (BACKDROP_LOG) fprintf(stderr, "swov: <- %s\n", line);
+
+    if (!strncmp(line, "hover ", 6)) {
+        float fx = 0.0f, fy = 0.0f;
+        if (sscanf(line + 6, "%f %f", &fx, &fy) == 2) backdrop_hover(fx, fy);
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (!strncmp(line, "assign ", 7)) {
+        int pid = 0; char ws[64] = "";
+        if (sscanf(line + 7, "%d %63s", &pid, ws) == 2 && pid > 0 && ws[0])
+            assign_pid_to_ws(pid, ws);
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (!strcmp(line, "drag on"))  { set_ghosts(0, 10); BLUR_WANT = 0.0f; return true; }
+    if (!strcmp(line, "drag off")) {
+        set_ghosts(-1, -1);
+        BLUR_WANT = 1.0f;
+        drag_active = false;
+        drop_kind = DROP_NONE;
+        sel_active = false;
+        dirty = true;
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (!strncmp(line, "raise ", 6) && line[6]) {
+        str_set(RAISE_APP, sizeof(RAISE_APP), line + 6);
+        RAISE_LEFT = 3;                       /* now, and twice more */
+        RAISE_AT   = 0.0;
+        /* Our window mapped on top of the one that asked for us, and on
+         * Wayland that one cannot lift itself back. sway can.
+         *
+         * Focusing it directly is not enough: it usually still *is* the
+         * focused window, thanks to `no_focus`, so sway has nothing to do and
+         * the stacking never changes. Focusing us first and it second makes
+         * the second a real change, which restacks. That is also why this
+         * waits for our own window to exist in the tree — asking before sway
+         * knows about it is the other half of the race. */
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (!strcmp(line, "fade in"))  { BACKDROP_WANT = 1.0f; return true; }
+    if (!strcmp(line, "fade out")) { BACKDROP_WANT = 0.0f; return true; }
+    if (!strcmp(line, "quit"))     return false;
+    return true;
+}
+
+/* read whatever is waiting, one line at a time */
+static void backdrop_poll(void)
+{
+    static char buf[512];
+    static int  len;
+
+    struct pollfd p = { 0, POLLIN, 0 };
+    while (poll(&p, 1, 0) > 0 && (p.revents & (POLLIN | POLLHUP))) {
+        ssize_t n = read(0, buf + len, sizeof(buf) - 1 - (size_t)len);
+        if (n <= 0) { BACKDROP_LEAVING = true; return; }   /* parent is gone */
+        len += (int)n;
+        buf[len] = 0;
+
+        char *start = buf, *nl;
+        while ((nl = strchr(start, '\n')) != NULL) {
+            *nl = 0;
+            if (!backdrop_command(start)) { BACKDROP_LEAVING = true; return; }
+            start = nl + 1;
+        }
+        len = (int)strlen(start);
+        memmove(buf, start, (size_t)len + 1);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Put the window that spawned us back on top. Ours mapped over it and on
+ * Wayland it cannot lift itself; sway's `focus` on a floating container always
+ * raises it, so one command does the job — but only once sway knows our window
+ * exists. Rather than guess when that is, say it three times over half a
+ * second. Repeating is harmless: the wheel is already the focused window. */
+static void backdrop_raise_tick(void)
+{
+    if (RAISE_LEFT <= 0) return;
+    double now = now_secs();
+    if (now < RAISE_AT) return;
+
+    char *e = escape_arg(RAISE_APP);
+    bool ok = sway_cmd("[app_id=\"%s\"] focus", e);
+    free(e);
+
+    if (BACKDROP_LOG)
+        fprintf(stderr, "swov: raise [app_id=\"%s\"] focus -> %s\n",
+                RAISE_APP, ok ? "ok" : "no match");
+
+    RAISE_AT = now + 0.18;
+    RAISE_LEFT--;
+}
+
+/* ease towards the wanted alpha; leaving means fade out, then exit */
+static void backdrop_step(float ms)
+{
+    backdrop_raise_tick();
+
+    if (BACKDROP_LEAVING) BACKDROP_WANT = 0.0f;
+
+    float rate = C.anim_ms > 1.0f ? ms / C.anim_ms : 1.0f;
+    if (BACKDROP_A < BACKDROP_WANT) {
+        BACKDROP_A += rate;
+        if (BACKDROP_A > BACKDROP_WANT) BACKDROP_A = BACKDROP_WANT;
+        dirty = true;
+    } else if (BACKDROP_A > BACKDROP_WANT) {
+        BACKDROP_A -= rate;
+        if (BACKDROP_A < BACKDROP_WANT) BACKDROP_A = BACKDROP_WANT;
+        dirty = true;
+    }
+    if (BLUR_NOW != BLUR_WANT) {                  /* sharpen / soften again */
+        float step = rate * 1.6f;
+        if (BLUR_NOW < BLUR_WANT) { BLUR_NOW += step; if (BLUR_NOW > BLUR_WANT) BLUR_NOW = BLUR_WANT; }
+        else                      { BLUR_NOW -= step; if (BLUR_NOW < BLUR_WANT) BLUR_NOW = BLUR_WANT; }
+        dirty = true;
+    }
+    if (BACKDROP_LEAVING && BACKDROP_A <= 0.0f) running = false;
+}
+
+/* Two scaled copies of the frame we already rendered: full -> half -> small,
+ * then that small one stretched back over the screen. The card does the
+ * filtering, so it is three quad blits and no per-pixel work of our own. The
+ * sharp frame is then drawn over it with whatever alpha is left, which is how
+ * it sharpens while you drag. */
+static void backdrop_blur(float alpha)
+{
+    static const int FACTOR[4] = { 0, 5, 9, 15 };
+    int f  = FACTOR[C.blur < 0 ? 0 : (C.blur > 3 ? 3 : C.blur)];
+    int w1 = SDL_max(2, RW / 2), h1 = SDL_max(2, RH / 2);
+    int w2 = SDL_max(2, RW / f), h2 = SDL_max(2, RH / f);
+
+    if (!BLUR_HALF || BLUR_W != w2 || BLUR_H != h2) {
+        if (BLUR_HALF)  SDL_DestroyTexture(BLUR_HALF);
+        if (BLUR_SMALL) SDL_DestroyTexture(BLUR_SMALL);
+        BLUR_HALF = SDL_CreateTexture(REN, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_RGBA32,
+                                      SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_TARGET, w1, h1);
+        BLUR_SMALL = SDL_CreateTexture(REN, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_RGBA32,
+                                       SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_TARGET, w2, h2);
+        if (!BLUR_HALF || !BLUR_SMALL) { BLUR_W = BLUR_H = 0; return; }
+        SDL_SetTextureScaleMode(BLUR_HALF,  SDL_SCALEMODE_LINEAR);
+        SDL_SetTextureScaleMode(BLUR_SMALL, SDL_SCALEMODE_LINEAR);
+        BLUR_W = w2;
+        BLUR_H = h2;
+    }
+
+    /* copy, do not blend: the alpha of the overlay has to survive the trip */
+    SDL_SetTextureBlendMode(TARGET, SDL_BLENDMODE_NONE);
+    SDL_SetTextureBlendMode(BLUR_HALF, SDL_BLENDMODE_NONE);
+
+    SDL_SetRenderTarget(REN, BLUR_HALF);
+    SDL_RenderTexture(REN, TARGET, NULL, NULL);
+    SDL_SetRenderTarget(REN, BLUR_SMALL);
+    SDL_RenderTexture(REN, BLUR_HALF, NULL, NULL);
+    SDL_SetRenderTarget(REN, NULL);
+
+    SDL_SetTextureBlendMode(TARGET, SDL_BLENDMODE_BLEND);
+    SDL_SetTextureBlendMode(BLUR_SMALL, SDL_BLENDMODE_BLEND);
+    SDL_SetTextureAlphaModFloat(BLUR_SMALL, alpha);
+    SDL_RenderTexture(REN, BLUR_SMALL, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
 static void present(void)
 {
     if (TARGET) SDL_SetRenderTarget(REN, TARGET);
@@ -4532,7 +5228,14 @@ static void present(void)
         SDL_SetRenderDrawColorFloat(REN, 0, 0, 0, 0);
         SDL_RenderClear(REN);
         SDL_SetRenderDrawBlendMode(REN, SDL_BLENDMODE_BLEND);
-        SDL_RenderTexture(REN, TARGET, NULL, NULL);
+
+        float sharp = 1.0f;
+        if (BACKDROP && C.blur > 0 && BLUR_NOW > 0.0f) {
+            backdrop_blur(BACKDROP_A);
+            sharp = 1.0f - BLUR_NOW;
+        }
+        if (BACKDROP) SDL_SetTextureAlphaModFloat(TARGET, BACKDROP_A * sharp);
+        if (sharp > 0.0f) SDL_RenderTexture(REN, TARGET, NULL, NULL);
     }
 
     if (SHOT_PATH) {
@@ -4622,6 +5325,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     bool  go_back = false;
     bool  show_usage_stats = false;
     bool  show_info = false;
+    bool  list_ws = false;
+    bool  adopt_focus = false, adopt_wait = false;
+    int   adopt_pid = -1;
+    const char *adopt_ws = NULL;
+    double adopt_timeout = 20.0;
+    int   adopt_beside = -1;
+    bool  adopt_no_assign = false;
+    const char *adopt_edge = NULL;
     const char *sets[64];
     int nsets = 0;
 
@@ -4629,11 +5340,26 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         const char *a = argv[i];
         if (!strcmp(a, "-h") || !strcmp(a, "--help")) { usage(); return 0; }
         else if (!strcmp(a, "-v") || !strcmp(a, "--version")) {
-            printf("swov %s (built %s)\n", SWOV_VERSION, __DATE__);
+            printf("swov %s (build %s)\n", SWOV_VERSION, SWOV_BUILD);
             return 0;
         }
         else if ((!strcmp(a, "-g") || !strcmp(a, "--go")) && i + 1 < argc) go_name = argv[++i];
         else if (!strcmp(a, "-b") || !strcmp(a, "--back")) go_back = true;
+        else if (!strcmp(a, "--workspaces")) list_ws = true;
+        else if (!strcmp(a, "--backdrop")) BACKDROP = true;
+        else if (!strcmp(a, "--backdrop-debug")) { BACKDROP = true; BACKDROP_LOG = true; }
+        else if (!strcmp(a, "--adopt") && i + 2 < argc) {
+            adopt_pid = atoi(argv[++i]);
+            adopt_ws  = argv[++i];
+        }
+        else if (!strcmp(a, "--adopt-focus")) adopt_focus = true;
+        else if (!strcmp(a, "--adopt-debug")) ADOPT_LOG = true;
+        else if (!strcmp(a, "--no-assign")) adopt_no_assign = true;
+        else if (!strcmp(a, "--beside") && i + 1 < argc) adopt_beside = atoi(argv[++i]);
+        else if (!strcmp(a, "--edge") && i + 1 < argc)   adopt_edge = argv[++i];
+        else if (!strcmp(a, "--adopt-wait"))  adopt_wait = true;
+        else if (!strcmp(a, "--adopt-timeout") && i + 1 < argc)
+            adopt_timeout = atof(argv[++i]);
         else if (!strcmp(a, "--usage")) show_usage_stats = true;
         else if (!strcmp(a, "--info")) show_info = true;
         else if ((!strcmp(a, "-c") || !strcmp(a, "--config")) && i + 1 < argc)
@@ -4656,6 +5382,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     }
 
     if (use_cfg) {
+        SHARED_LOADED = sw_shared_apply("swov", cfg_set_shared, &C) != 0;
+
         bool named = cfg_path != NULL;
         if (!cfg_path) cfg_path = default_config_path();
         if (cfg_path) {
@@ -4681,8 +5409,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         char *upath = usage_path();
         usage_load();
 
-        printf("swov %s (built %s)\n\n", SWOV_VERSION, __DATE__);
+        printf("swov %s (build %s)\n\n", SWOV_VERSION, SWOV_BUILD);
         printf("binary        %s\n", exe[0] ? exe : "(unknown)");
+        printf("shared config %s%s\n", sw_shared_path() ? sw_shared_path() : "(none)",
+               SHARED_LOADED ? "  [loaded]" : "  [not present]");
         printf("config        %s%s\n", CFG_PATH[0] ? CFG_PATH : "(none)",
                CFG_PATH[0] ? (CFG_LOADED ? "  [loaded]" : "  [missing, defaults in use]") : "");
         printf("usage file    %s\n", upath ? upath : "(none)");
@@ -4723,6 +5453,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         printf("  show_empty %d   all_outputs %d   start_selection %d\n",
                C.show_empty, C.all_outputs, C.start_selection);
         printf("  header_pos %s   hints_pos %s\n", C.header_pos, C.hints_pos);
+        printf("  blur %d (backdrop only)   cpu %d (min %g, full %g)\n",
+               C.blur, C.cpu, (double)C.cpu_min, (double)C.cpu_full);
+        printf("  back %s\n",
+               C.back_scope == 1 ? "output" : C.back_scope == 2 ? "sway" : "global");
         printf("  track %d   usage_dots %d   dot_count %d   dot_px %.0f\n",
                C.track, C.usage_dots, C.dot_count, (double)C.dot_px);
         printf("  anim_ms %.0f   shadow %d   float_alpha %.2f   vsync %d\n",
@@ -4768,9 +5502,36 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         return 0;
     }
 
+    if (adopt_pid > 0 && !adopt_wait) {
+        /* Step into the background before touching the socket: whoever called
+         * us wants to carry on, and the window may be seconds away. */
+        pid_t p = fork();
+        if (p < 0) die("fork: %s", strerror(errno));
+        if (p > 0) return 0;
+        setsid();
+        int devnull = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
+        if (devnull >= 0) {
+            dup2(devnull, 0); dup2(devnull, 1);
+            if (devnull > 2) close(devnull);
+        }
+    }
+
     sway_fd = sway_connect();
     if (sway_fd < 0) die("cannot reach sway (is SWAYSOCK set?)");
 
+    if (list_ws) {
+        int rc = print_workspaces();
+        close(sway_fd);
+        return rc;
+    }
+
+    if (adopt_pid > 0 && adopt_ws) {
+        int rc = adopt_window(adopt_pid, adopt_ws, adopt_timeout, adopt_focus,
+                              adopt_beside, adopt_edge, adopt_no_assign);
+        close(sway_fd);
+        return rc;
+    }
+
     /* Switching does not need a window, a renderer or a font: connect, say it,
      * leave. This is the path a keybinding should use. */
     if (go_back || go_name) {
@@ -4783,7 +5544,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
             int  here_num = -1, target_num = -1;
             focused_workspace(here, sizeof(here), out, sizeof(out), &here_num);
 
-            if (C.track && last_workspace_here(out, here, target, sizeof(target), &target_num)) {
+            if (C.track && C.back_scope != 2 &&
+                last_workspace_here(C.back_scope == 1 ? out : NULL, here,
+                                    target, sizeof(target), &target_num)) {
                 /* By number where there is one: the workspace may have been
                  * renamed since we saw it, and asking sway for a name that no
                  * longer exists makes it create a second workspace with the
@@ -4823,8 +5586,11 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
                 str_set(FOCUSED_OUTPUT, sizeof(FOCUSED_OUTPUT), jstr(wsr->items[i], "output", ""));
     jfree(wsr);
 
-    SDL_SetHint(SDL_HINT_APP_ID, APP_ID);
-    SDL_SetAppMetadata("swov", SWOV_VERSION, "org.swov.overview");
+    /* A different app id, because a backdrop must not take the keyboard from
+     * the window in front of it:
+     *     for_window [app_id="swov-backdrop"] no_focus                     */
+    SDL_SetHint(SDL_HINT_APP_ID, BACKDROP ? APP_ID "-backdrop" : APP_ID);
+    SDL_SetAppMetadata(APP_ID, SWOV_VERSION, "org.swov.overview");
 
     if (!SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)) die("SDL_Init: %s", SDL_GetError());
     if (!TTF_Init()) die("TTF_Init: %s", SDL_GetError());
@@ -4834,7 +5600,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
     SDL_WindowFlags flags = SDL_WINDOW_BORDERLESS | SDL_WINDOW_TRANSPARENT |
                             SDL_WINDOW_ALWAYS_ON_TOP | SDL_WINDOW_HIGH_PIXEL_DENSITY;
-    WIN_HANDLE = SDL_CreateWindow("swov", bounds.w, bounds.h, flags);
+    WIN_HANDLE = SDL_CreateWindow(BACKDROP ? APP_ID "-backdrop" : APP_ID,
+                                  bounds.w, bounds.h, flags);
     if (!WIN_HANDLE) die("SDL_CreateWindow: %s", SDL_GetError());
     SDL_SetWindowPosition(WIN_HANDLE, bounds.x, bounds.y);
 
@@ -4852,10 +5619,12 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     usage_sync();
     sway_subscribe_events();
     if (!model_reload()) die("could not read the sway tree");
+    cpu_load();                  /* whatever swbr last measured */
     select_current_workspace();
 
-    sel_active = C.start_selection != 0;
-    if (C.start_selection == 2 && NWS > 0) WSS[sel_ws].sel = ws_first_visible(&WSS[sel_ws]);
+    sel_active = BACKDROP ? false : (C.start_selection != 0);
+    if (!BACKDROP && C.start_selection == 2 && NWS > 0)
+        WSS[sel_ws].sel = ws_first_visible(&WSS[sel_ws]);
     layout();
     apply_filter();
     rebuild_chrome();
@@ -4867,14 +5636,33 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     Uint64 last_reload = 0;
     bool   pending_reload = false;
 
-    SDL_StartTextInput(WIN_HANDLE);
+    if (!BACKDROP) SDL_StartTextInput(WIN_HANDLE);
     SDL_RaiseWindow(WIN_HANDLE);
+    if (BACKDROP && SHOT_PATH) BACKDROP_A = 1.0f;   /* a still has nothing to fade */
     present();
 
+    if (BACKDROP) {
+        /* the window is up; whoever spawned us can put itself back on top */
+        printf("ready\n");
+        fflush(stdout);
+    }
+
+    Uint64 last_tick = SDL_GetTicks();
+
     while (running) {
         SDL_Event e;
         if (anim_running()) dirty = true;
-        if (SDL_WaitEventTimeout(&e, (anim_running() || pending_reload) ? 8 : 60)) {
+
+        if (BACKDROP) {
+            backdrop_poll();
+            Uint64 now = SDL_GetTicks();
+            backdrop_step((float)(now - last_tick));
+            last_tick = now;
+            if (!running) break;
+        }
+
+        if (SDL_WaitEventTimeout(&e, BACKDROP ? 8
+                                    : (anim_running() || pending_reload) ? 8 : 60)) {
             handle_event(&e);
             while (running && SDL_PollEvent(&e)) handle_event(&e);   /* coalesce */
         }
@@ -4907,6 +5695,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (CUR_ARROW) SDL_DestroyCursor(CUR_ARROW);
     if (CUR_HAND)  SDL_DestroyCursor(CUR_HAND);
+    if (BLUR_HALF)  SDL_DestroyTexture(BLUR_HALF);
+    if (BLUR_SMALL) SDL_DestroyTexture(BLUR_SMALL);
     if (TARGET)    SDL_DestroyTexture(TARGET);
     if (F_BADGE)   TTF_CloseFont(F_BADGE);
     if (F_LABEL)   TTF_CloseFont(F_LABEL);